[py]python寫一個通信錄step by step V3.0
python寫一個通信錄step by step V3.0
參考: http://blog.51cto.com/lovelace/1631831python
更新功能：mysql
- 數據庫進行數據存入和讀取操做
- 字典配合函數調用實現switch功能
- 其餘：函數、字典、模塊調用
注意問題：sql
- 一、更優美的格式化輸出
- 二、把日期換算成年齡
- 三、更新操做作的更優雅
準備工做
db準備數據庫
- 建立數據庫 mysql> create database txl charset utf8; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec) mysql> - 建立表 mysql> use txl; Database changed mysql> create table tb_txl (id int auto_increment primary key,name char(20),gender char(1),brithday date,tel char(20)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.29 sec) mysql> desc tb_txl; +----------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +----------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | char(20) | YES | | NULL | | | gender | char(1) | YES | | NULL | | | brithday | date | YES | | NULL | | | tel | char(20) | YES | | NULL | | +----------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
一、模板準備
相對於V一、V二、V3版本的，模板基本一致
模板app
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
#Author:zhuima
#Date:2015-03-30
#Version:0.1
#Function:display a list and add date
# 導入模塊
import os
def menu():
'''設置munu目錄，提供給用戶的操做接口 '''
print '''
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
'''
op = raw_input('Please select one >>> ')
return op
def txl_exit():
''' 退出程序 '''
os._exit(0)
def txl_error():
''' 當用戶輸出選項不在定義的選項內的時候，報錯'''
print
print 'Unkonw options,Please try again!'
# 定義dict，配合函數實現switch功能
ops = {
# '1':txl_add,
# '2':txl_dis,
# '3':txl_update,
# '4':txl_del,
# '5':txl_sort,
'0':txl_exit,
}
def main():
'''主程序 '''
while True:
op = menu()
ops.get(op,txl_error)()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
二、db_config準備
使用db配置單獨生產一個配置文件，直接以模塊的形式調用便可
db_config配置文件（調用數據庫的好方法，值得借鑑）函數
[root@mysql01 day0330]# cat db_config.py
import MySQLdb
db_config = {
'host' : 'localhost',
'user' : 'root',
'passwd' : 'zhuima',
'charset' : 'utf8',
'db': 'txl',
}
conn = MySQLdb.connect(**db_config)
cursor = conn.cursor()
三、鏈接數據庫，實現增，查功能
導入db_config模塊中的conn和cursor，而後直接使用
代碼片斷測試
確保自定義模塊可以被正常導入fetch
import sys
module_path = '/zhuima'
sys.path.append(module_path)
# 導入自定義模塊
from db_config import conn,cursor
....
def txl_add():
'''讀取用戶輸入信息，並寫入數據庫'''
name = raw_input('Please enput your name: ')
gender = raw_input('Please enput your gender: ')
brithday = raw_input('like (YYYY-MM-DD) >>> ')
tel = raw_input('Please enput your tel: ')
sql = 'insert into tb_txl values (null,%s,%s,%s,%s)'
cursor.execute(sql,(name,gender,brithday,tel))
conn.commit()
def txl_dis():
'''從數據庫中提取信息，而後打印出來 '''
sql = 'select name,gender,brithday,tel from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
#print "%s\t%s\t%s\t%s" % info
if len(info) > 0:
print "name\tgender\tbrithday\ttel"
print "---------------------------"
#print info
# 這裏打印出來的結果未做處理
for x in info:
print x
else:
print
print ">>> Empty,There is no user info in db <<<"
#print info
def txl_exit():
'''關閉鏈接， 退出程序 '''
cursor.close()
conn.close()
os._exit(0)
導入模塊測試(若是db_config和當前腳本不在同一個目錄下面，要設定path才行)ui
[root@mysql01 day0330]# python v3_1.py
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
---------------------------
((u'zhuima', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 12, 8), u'10086'),)
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 1
Please enput your name: nick
Please enput your gender: m
like (YYYY-MM-DD) >>> 1990-10-10
Please enput your tel: 10010
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
---------------------------
(u'zhuima', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 12, 8), u'10086')
(u'nick', u'm', datetime.date(1990, 10, 10), u'10010')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 0
四、鏈接數據庫，實現刪功能
導入db_config模塊中的conn和cursor，而後直接使用
代碼片斷調試
def txl_del():
status = True
name = raw_input('Delete Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
print info
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
delete_sql = 'delete from tb_txl where name=%s'
cursor.execute(delete_sql,(name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
測試結果 （中間添加了print來調試代碼）
[root@mysql01 day0330]# python v3_1.py
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
------------------------------------
(u'zhuima', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 12, 8), u'10086')
(u'kale', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 2, 18), u'10032')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 4
Delete Information By Name >>> kale
((u'zhuima',), (u'kale',))
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
------------------------------------
(u'zhuima', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 12, 8), u'10086')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 4
Delete Information By Name >>> sdfsdf
((u'zhuima',),)
>>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:sort user info by
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 0
五、鏈接數據庫，實現更新功能
根據用戶名搜索相關的值來進行更新
update實例演示
mysql> select * from tb_txl;
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
| id | name | gender | brithday | tel |
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
| 1 | zhuima | f | 1988-12-08 | 10086 |
| 6 | nick | m | 1990-10-06 | 10011 |
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update tb_txl set tel='10010' where name='nick';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.22 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from tb_txl;
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
| id | name | gender | brithday | tel |
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
| 1 | zhuima | f | 1988-12-08 | 10086 |
| 6 | nick | m | 1990-10-06 | 10010 |
+----+--------+--------+------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
代碼片斷
def txl_update():
statue = True
name = raw_input('Update Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
gender = raw_input('Update Your Gender for %s >>> ' % name)
brithday = raw_input('Update Your Brithday like (YYYY-MM-DD) for %s >>> ' % name)
tel = raw_input('Update Your Tel for %s >>> '% name)
update_sql = 'update tb_txl set gender=%s,brithday=%s,tel=%s where name=%s'
cursor.execute(update_sql,(gender,brithday,tel,name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
執行結果
[root@mysql01 day0330]# python v3_1.py
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
------------------------------------
(u'nick', u'm', datetime.date(1990, 10, 6), u'10010')
(u'zhuima', u'f', datetime.date(1988, 12, 8), u'10086')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 3
Update Information By Name >>> zhuima
Update Your Gender for zhuima >>> m
Update Your Brithday like (YYYY-MM-DD) for zhuima >>> 1990-10-10
Update Your Tel for zhuima >>> 10000
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 2
name gender brithday tel
------------------------------------
(u'nick', u'm', datetime.date(1990, 10, 6), u'10010')
(u'zhuima', u'm', datetime.date(1990, 10, 10), u'10000')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 5
Enter The name >>> sdfsdf
>>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<
六、鏈接數據庫，實現檢索功能
根據用戶名搜索相關的值而後返顯結果
代碼片斷
def txl_check():
status = True
name = raw_input('Enter The name >>> ')
cursor.execute('select * from tb_txl')
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
print line
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
測試結果
[root@mysql01 day0330]# python v3_1.py
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 5
Enter The name >>> sdfs
>>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>> 5
Enter The name >>> nick
(6L, u'nick', u'm', datetime.date(1990, 10, 6), u'10010')
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
Please select one >>>
完整代碼
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
#Author:zhuima
#Date:2015-03-22
#Version:0.1
#Function:display a list and add date
# 導入模塊
import os
#確保自定義模塊可以被正常導入
import sys
module_path = '/zhuima'
sys.path.append(module_path)
# 導入自定義模塊
from db_config import conn,cursor
def menu():
'''設置munu目錄，提供給用戶的操做接口 '''
print '''
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
'''
op = raw_input('Please select one >>> ')
return op
def txl_add():
'''讀取用戶輸入信息，並寫入數據庫'''
name = raw_input('Please enput your name: ')
gender = raw_input('Please enput your gender: ')
brithday = raw_input('like (YYYY-MM-DD) >>> ')
tel = raw_input('Please enput your tel: ')
sql = 'insert into tb_txl values (null,%s,%s,%s,%s)'
cursor.execute(sql,(name,gender,brithday,tel))
conn.commit()
def txl_dis():
'''從數據庫中提取信息，而後打印出來 '''
sql = 'select name,gender,brithday,tel from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
#print "%s\t%s\t%s\t%s" % info
if len(info) > 0:
print "name\tgender\tbrithday\ttel"
print "------------------------------------"
#print info
for x in info:
print x
else:
print
print ">>> Empty,There is no user info in db <<<"
#print info
def txl_del():
status = True
name = raw_input('Delete Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
delete_sql = 'delete from tb_txl where name=%s'
cursor.execute(delete_sql,(name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
def txl_update():
statue = True
name = raw_input('Update Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
gender = raw_input('Update Your Gender for %s >>> ' % name)
brithday = raw_input('Update Your Brithday like (YYYY-MM-DD) for %s >>> ' % name)
tel = raw_input('Update Your Tel for %s >>> '% name)
update_sql = 'update tb_txl set gender=%s,brithday=%s,tel=%s where name=%s'
cursor.execute(update_sql,(gender,brithday,tel,name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
def txl_check():
status = True
name = raw_input('Enter The name >>> ')
cursor.execute('select * from tb_txl')
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
print line
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
def txl_exit():
''' 退出程序 '''
cursor.close()
conn.close()
os._exit(0)
def txl_error():
''' 當用戶輸出選項不在定義的選項內的時候，報錯'''
print
print 'Unkonw options,Please try again!'
# 定義dict，配合函數實現switch功能
ops = {
'1':txl_add,
'2':txl_dis,
'3':txl_update,
'4':txl_del,
'5':txl_check,
'0':txl_exit,
}
def main():
'''主程序 '''
while True:
op = menu()
ops.get(op,txl_error)()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
實現格式化輸出
brithday輸出更正爲輸出爲具體年齡，可視化更強
引入datetime模塊
代碼片斷
def txl_dis():
'''從數據庫中提取信息，而後打印出來 '''
status = True
sql = 'select name,gender,brithday,tel from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
if len(info) > 0:
status = False
print "name\tgender\tbrithday\ttel"
print "------------------------------------"
for name,gender,age,tel in info:
today = datetime.date.today()
age = (today-age).days/365
print "%(name)s\t%(gender)s\t%(age)s\t\t%(tel)s" % locals()
if status:
print
print ">>> Empty,There is no user info in db <<<"
格式化以後的初始版本的腳本：
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
#Author:zhuima
#Date:2015-03-22
#Version:0.1
#Function:display a list and add date
# 導入模塊
import os
import datetime
#確保自定義模塊可以被正常導入
import sys
module_path = '/zhuima'
sys.path.append(module_path)
# 導入自定義模塊
from db_config import conn,cursor
def menu():
'''設置munu目錄，提供給用戶的操做接口 '''
print '''
1.add user info
2.disp all user info
3.update user info by username
4:del user by username
5:check user info by username
0.exit program
'''
op = raw_input('Please select one >>> ')
return op
def txl_add():
'''讀取用戶輸入信息，並寫入數據庫'''
name = raw_input('Please enput your name: ')
gender = raw_input('Please enput your gender: ')
brithday = raw_input('like (YYYY-MM-DD) >>> ')
tel = raw_input('Please enput your tel: ')
sql = 'insert into tb_txl values (null,%s,%s,%s,%s)'
cursor.execute(sql,(name,gender,brithday,tel))
conn.commit()
def txl_dis(name=None):
'''從數據庫中提取信息，而後打印出來 '''
status = True
sql = 'select name,gender,brithday,tel from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
if len(info) > 0:
status = False
print "name\tgender\tage\ttel"
print "------------------------------------"
for name,gender,age,tel in info:
today = datetime.date.today()
age = (today-age).days/365
print "%(name)s\t%(gender)s\t%(age)s\t%(tel)s" % locals()
if status:
print
print ">>> Empty,There is no user info in db <<<"
#print info
def txl_del():
status = True
name = raw_input('Delete Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
delete_sql = 'delete from tb_txl where name=%s'
cursor.execute(delete_sql,(name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
def txl_update():
statue = True
name = raw_input('Update Information By Name >>> ')
select_sql = 'select name from tb_txl'
cursor.execute(select_sql)
info = cursor.fetchall()
for line in info:
if name in line:
status = False
gender = raw_input('Update Your Gender for %s >>> ' % name)
brithday = raw_input('Update Your Brithday like (YYYY-MM-DD) for %s >>> ' % name)
tel = raw_input('Update Your Tel for %s >>> '% name)
update_sql = 'update tb_txl set gender=%s,brithday=%s,tel=%s where name=%s'
cursor.execute(update_sql,(gender,brithday,tel,name,))
conn.commit()
if status:
print
print ">>>Unkonw User,Please Try again! <<<"
def txl_check():
status = True
name = raw_input('Enter The name >>> ')
sql = 'select name,gender,brithday,tel from tb_txl where name = %s'
cursor.execute(sql,(name,))
info = cursor.fetchall()
if len(info) > 0:
status = False
print "name\tgender\tbrithday\ttel"
print "------------------------------------"
for name,gender,age,tel in info:
today = datetime.date.today()
age = (today-age).days/365
print "%(name)s\t%(gender)s\t%(age)s\t%(tel)s" % locals()
if status:
print
print ">>> Empty,There is no user info in db <<<"
def txl_exit():
''' 退出程序 '''
cursor.close()
conn.close()
os._exit(0)
def txl_error():
''' 當用戶輸出選項不在定義的選項內的時候，報錯'''
print
print 'Unkonw options,Please try again!'
def main():
'''主程序 '''
# 定義dict，配合函數實現switch功能
ops = {
'1':txl_add,
'2':txl_dis,
'3':txl_update,
'4':txl_del,
'5':txl_check,
'0':txl_exit,
}
while True:
op = menu()
ops.get(op,txl_error)()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
腳本中存在着不少重複代碼以及bug，僅做參考，若是哪位想要調試能夠進行下載從新更改
v1.0 v2.0版本
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