[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# rz
rz waiting to receive.
zmodem trl+C ȡ
100% 7 KB 7 KB/s 00:00:01 0 Errors
Transferring hellodb_innodb.sql...
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# ls
hellodb_innodb.sql
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# mysql < hellodb_innodb.sql
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 4
Server version: 5.5.64-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hellodb |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [hellodb]> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_hellodb |
+-------------------+
| classes |
| coc |
| courses |
| scores |
| students |
| teachers |
| toc |
+-------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]>
說明：導入數據庫，能夠用輸入重定向到方式，如上所示，也能夠在數據庫裏用source sql腳本路徑的方式導入，兩種的方式核心思想就是把sql腳本交給mysql數據庫引擎執行一遍，生成數據。node
(1) 在students表中，查詢年齡大於25歲，且爲男性的同窗的名字和年齡 mysql
MariaDB [hellodb]> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_hellodb |
+-------------------+
| classes |
| coc |
| courses |
| scores |
| students |
| teachers |
| toc |
+-------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]> desc students;
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| StuID | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| Name | varchar(50) | NO | | NULL | |
| Age | tinyint(3) unsigned | NO | | NULL | |
| Gender | enum('F','M') | NO | | NULL | |
| ClassID | tinyint(3) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| TeacherID | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
+-----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]> select name,age from students where age > 25 and gender='M';
+--------------+-----+
| name | age |
+--------------+-----+
| Xie Yanke | 53 |
| Ding Dian | 32 |
| Yu Yutong | 26 |
| Shi Qing | 46 |
| Tian Boguang | 33 |
| Xu Xian | 27 |
| Sun Dasheng | 100 |
+--------------+-----+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]>
(2) 以ClassID爲分組依據，顯示每組的平均年齡react
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students;
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 1 | Shi Zhongyu | 22 | M | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | Shi Potian | 22 | M | 1 | 7 |
| 3 | Xie Yanke | 53 | M | 2 | 16 |
| 4 | Ding Dian | 32 | M | 4 | 4 |
| 5 | Yu Yutong | 26 | M | 3 | 1 |
| 6 | Shi Qing | 46 | M | 5 | NULL |
| 7 | Xi Ren | 19 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 8 | Lin Daiyu | 17 | F | 7 | NULL |
| 9 | Ren Yingying | 20 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 10 | Yue Lingshan | 19 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 11 | Yuan Chengzhi | 23 | M | 6 | NULL |
| 12 | Wen Qingqing | 19 | F | 1 | NULL |
| 13 | Tian Boguang | 33 | M | 2 | NULL |
| 14 | Lu Wushuang | 17 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 15 | Duan Yu | 19 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 16 | Xu Zhu | 21 | M | 1 | NULL |
| 17 | Lin Chong | 25 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 18 | Hua Rong | 23 | M | 7 | NULL |
| 19 | Xue Baochai | 18 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 20 | Diao Chan | 19 | F | 7 | NULL |
| 21 | Huang Yueying | 22 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 22 | Xiao Qiao | 20 | F | 1 | NULL |
| 23 | Ma Chao | 23 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 24 | Xu Xian | 27 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 25 | Sun Dasheng | 100 | M | NULL | NULL |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
25 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]> select classid , avg(age) from students group by classid;
+---------+----------+
| classid | avg(age) |
+---------+----------+
| NULL | 63.5000 |
| 1 | 20.5000 |
| 2 | 36.0000 |
| 3 | 20.2500 |
| 4 | 24.7500 |
| 5 | 46.0000 |
| 6 | 20.7500 |
| 7 | 19.6667 |
+---------+----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]>
(3) 顯示第2題中平均年齡大於30的分組及平均年齡sql
ariaDB [hellodb]> select classid , avg(age) from students group by classid;
+---------+----------+
| classid | avg(age) |
+---------+----------+
| NULL | 63.5000 |
| 1 | 20.5000 |
| 2 | 36.0000 |
| 3 | 20.2500 |
| 4 | 24.7500 |
| 5 | 46.0000 |
| 6 | 20.7500 |
| 7 | 19.6667 |
+---------+----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]> select classid , avg(age) from students group by classid having avg(age) > 30;
+---------+----------+
| classid | avg(age) |
+---------+----------+
| NULL | 63.5000 |
| 2 | 36.0000 |
| 5 | 46.0000 |
+---------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]>
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students;
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 1 | Shi Zhongyu | 22 | M | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | Shi Potian | 22 | M | 1 | 7 |
| 3 | Xie Yanke | 53 | M | 2 | 16 |
| 4 | Ding Dian | 32 | M | 4 | 4 |
| 5 | Yu Yutong | 26 | M | 3 | 1 |
| 6 | Shi Qing | 46 | M | 5 | NULL |
| 7 | Xi Ren | 19 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 8 | Lin Daiyu | 17 | F | 7 | NULL |
| 9 | Ren Yingying | 20 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 10 | Yue Lingshan | 19 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 11 | Yuan Chengzhi | 23 | M | 6 | NULL |
| 12 | Wen Qingqing | 19 | F | 1 | NULL |
| 13 | Tian Boguang | 33 | M | 2 | NULL |
| 14 | Lu Wushuang | 17 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 15 | Duan Yu | 19 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 16 | Xu Zhu | 21 | M | 1 | NULL |
| 17 | Lin Chong | 25 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 18 | Hua Rong | 23 | M | 7 | NULL |
| 19 | Xue Baochai | 18 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 20 | Diao Chan | 19 | F | 7 | NULL |
| 21 | Huang Yueying | 22 | F | 6 | NULL |
| 22 | Xiao Qiao | 20 | F | 1 | NULL |
| 23 | Ma Chao | 23 | M | 4 | NULL |
| 24 | Xu Xian | 27 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 25 | Sun Dasheng | 100 | M | NULL | NULL |
+-------+---------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
25 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students where name like 'L%';
+-------+-------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+-------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 8 | Lin Daiyu | 17 | F | 7 | NULL |
| 14 | Lu Wushuang | 17 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 17 | Lin Chong | 25 | M | 4 | NULL |
+-------+-------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]>
二、數據庫受權magedu用戶，容許192.168.1.0/24網段能夠鏈接mysqlcentos
MariaDB [hellodb]> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+--------------------+----------+
| user | host | password |
+------+--------------------+----------+
| root | localhost | |
| root | test-centos7-node1 | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| root | ::1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | test-centos7-node1 | |
+------+--------------------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]> grant all on *.* to magedu@'192.168.1.%' identified by 'admin';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+--------+--------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+--------+--------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | |
| root | test-centos7-node1 | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| root | ::1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | test-centos7-node1 | |
| magedu | 192.168.1.% | *4ACFE3202A5FF5CF467898FC58AAB1D615029441 |
+--------+--------------------+-------------------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]>
說明：此方式是建立用戶+受權一塊兒作，固然也能夠用先建立帳號，而後在受權，有關mysql的帳號建立和受權能夠參考http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-tgcxrxmu-km.html緩存
三、總結mysql常見的存儲引擎以及特色。bash
MyISAM引擎特色：併發
1）不支持事務
2）支持表級別鎖定
3）讀寫相互阻塞，寫入不能讀，讀時不能寫
4）只緩存索引
5）不支持外鍵約束
6）不支持聚簇索引
7）讀取數據較快，佔用資源較少
8）不支持MVCC（多版本併發控制機制）高併發
9）崩潰恢復性較差
10）mysql5.5前默認的數據庫引擎
MyISAM存儲引擎適用於只讀（或者寫較少）、表較小（能夠接受長時間進行修復操做）的場景
MyISAM引擎文件有三個.frm（表格式定義文件） .MYD（數據文件） .MYI（索引文件）
InnoDB引擎特色：
1）支持事務，適合處理大量短時間事務
2）支持行級別鎖
3）讀寫阻塞與事務隔離級別相關
4）可緩存數據和索引
5）支持聚簇索引
6）崩潰恢復性更好
7）支持MVCC高併發
8）從mysql5.5後支持全文索引，mysql5.5開始默認的數據庫引擎
InnoDB數據庫文件
全部InnoDB表達數據和索引放置於同一個表空間中，表空間文件是由主配置文件中的datadir來指定存放的位置，數據文件：ibddata1,idbdata2……，若每一個表單獨使用一個表空間存儲表的數據和索引，可在主配置文件中用innodb_file_per_table=ON來啓用，兩類文件放在數據庫獨立目錄中，其中數據文件（存儲數據和索引）是以標名加.ibd結尾的文件，表格式文件是表名加.frm結尾的文件