Mysql學習第四課02-冗餘--複製AB-replication

20160901mysqlday4--2冗餘 -------------------------- > 備份的優勢 備份的缺點 > 冗餘的優勢 冗餘的缺點 恢復速度快 只能解決硬件故障，人爲誤操做 1.如何構建冗餘的環境（一主一從） 2.延遲問題 1）主從同步自己的架構致使 Msyql 5.5 從1sql線程 延遲問題最嚴重 Mysql 5.6  1庫1線程  沒有解決問題 Mysql 5.7  1組1線程 GTID  2）讀寫分離致使的 銀行適用同步模式 線上不是金錢的，半同步 同步 Wonderwoman-->app-->master---binlog--->I/O--relaylog--sql-->master--->app--->Wonderwoman-->app-->slave 異步 Wonderwoman-->app-->master---binlog--->app-->W--->app-->slave  --->I/O--relaylog--sql--> 半同步/半異步 Wonderwoman-->app-->master---binlog--->I/O--relaylog-->master--->app--->Wonderwoman-->app-->slave ------------------------------------- db1.t1 10個sql1組 1sql 2sql 3sql 1 t1 1 t2 1 t3 1 2 t1 2 t1 10 t1 100 3 create t2 t1 11 t1 101 4 t1 3 5 t1 4 ... 10 create t3 -------------------------------------- 3.冗餘--複製AB-replication 1）主從 M-S、M-S-S 2）主主 M-M 3）多級主從+Multi-source M-M-S-S 4.單主從步驟 # 主服務器 1）修改配置文件 vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] log-bin  server-id=1 （重啓服務） 2）受權從機 grant replication slave on *.* to slave@172.25.8.12 identified by 'uplooking'; 3）初始化數據一致 mysqldump -uroot -puplooking -A --single-transaction --master-data=2 --flush-logs > /tmp/mysql.11.mysql ---》傳輸給從機器 scp mysql.all.sql 172.25.8.12:/tmp # 從服務 1）install     yum -y install mariadb-server  2）修改配置文件 server-id=2 3）初始化數據一致 導入全備數據 rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/* systemctl start mariadb mysql </tmp/mysql.all.mysql mysql >flush privileges; 4）> change master to master_host='172.25.0.11' master_user='slave' master_password='uplooking' master_log_file='' master_log_pos='' ##change master to master_host='172.25.8.11',master_user='slave',master_password='uplooking',master_log_file='mastera.000028',MASTER_LOG_POS=245; 5)> start slave; 6)> show slave status\G; --------------------------------------------------------------------- 腳本實現： #!/bin/bash if ! rmp -q mariadb &> /dev/null then         yum -y install mariadb-server &>/dev/null fi systemctl stop firewalld ip add |grep dynamic > file.ip A=$(awk -F'/' '{print$1}' file.ip| awk -F'.' '{print$4}') sed -i "2aserver-id=$A" /etc/my.cnf systemctl stop mariadb rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/* systemctl start mariadb mysql </tmp/mysql.all.mysql mysql <<END flush privileges; change master to master_host='172.25.8.11',master_user='slave',master_password='uplooking',master_log_file='mastera.000028',MASTER_LOG_POS=245; start slave; END ======================================================================================================= 5.雙主步驟 ------------------------------------------------- # 詳細步驟 ## 主服務器 [root@mastera0 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf [root@mastera0 mysql]# grep -v '^#' /etc/my.cnf|grep -v '^$' [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock symbolic-links=0 log-bin=/var/lib/mysql-log/mastera server-id=1 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d [root@mastera0 mysql]# systemctl restart mariadb [root@mastera0 mysql]# mysql -uroot -puplooking Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 2 Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to slave@'172.25.0.12' identified by 'uplooking'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> \q Bye [root@mastera0 mysql]# mysqldump -uroot -puplooking -A --single-transaction --master-data=2 --flush-logs > /tmp/mysql.91.sql [root@mastera0 mysql]# scp /tmp/mysql.91.sql root@172.25.0.12:/tmp The authenticity of host '172.25.0.12 (172.25.0.12)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is 91:2b:bd:df:0e:17:da:a0:f6:01:ff:5b:09:50:e8:ad. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '172.25.0.12' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. root@172.25.0.12's password:  mysql.91.sql                                                      100%  505KB 504.7KB/s   00:00     ## 從服務器 [root@masterb0 ~]# yum install -y mariadb-server [root@masterb0 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf [root@masterb0 ~]# systemctl start mariadb [root@masterb0 ~]# mysql < /tmp/mysql.91.sql  [root@masterb0 ~]# mysql  Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 3 Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> \q Bye [root@masterb0 ~]# mysql  ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) [root@masterb0 ~]# mysql -uroot -puplooking Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 5 Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>  MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='172.25.0.11',master_user='slave',master_password='uplooking',master_log_file='mastera.000028',MASTER_LOG_POS=245; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.21 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row ***************************                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event                   Master_Host: 172.25.0.11                   Master_User: slave                   Master_Port: 3306                 Connect_Retry: 60               Master_Log_File: mastera.000028           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 245                Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002                 Relay_Log_Pos: 527         Relay_Master_Log_File: mastera.000028              Slave_IO_Running: Yes             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes               Replicate_Do_DB:            Replicate_Ignore_DB:             Replicate_Do_Table:         Replicate_Ignore_Table:        Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:    Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:                     Last_Errno: 0                    Last_Error:                   Skip_Counter: 0           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 245               Relay_Log_Space: 823               Until_Condition: None                Until_Log_File:                  Until_Log_Pos: 0            Master_SSL_Allowed: No            Master_SSL_CA_File:             Master_SSL_CA_Path:                Master_SSL_Cert:              Master_SSL_Cipher:                 Master_SSL_Key:          Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No                 Last_IO_Errno: 0                 Last_IO_Error:                 Last_SQL_Errno: 0                Last_SQL_Error:    Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:               Master_Server_Id: 1 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified MariaDB [(none)]>  MariaDB [(none)]> select * from db1.t1; +-----+ | id  | +-----+ |   3 | |   4 | |   5 | |   6 | |   7 | |   8 | |   9 | |  10 | |  11 | |  12 | |  13 | |  14 | | 100 | | 101 | | 102 | | 103 | | 777 | +-----+ 17 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> \q Bye ------------------------------------------------- 課後習題 1.配置1主多從 服務器 ip 做用 mastera 172.25.X.11 主服務器 masterb 172.25.X.12 從服務器 slavea 172.25.X.13 從服務器 slaveb 172.25.X.14 從服務器 腳本實現： #!/bin/bash if ! rmp -q mariadb &> /dev/null then         yum -y install mariadb-server &>/dev/null fi systemctl stop firewalld ip add |grep dynamic > file.ip A=$(awk -F'/' '{print$1}' file.ip| awk -F'.' '{print$4}') sed -i "2aserver-id=$A" /etc/my.cnf systemctl stop mariadb rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/* systemctl start mariadb mysql </tmp/mysql.all.mysql mysql <<END flush privileges; change master to master_host='172.25.8.11',master_user='slave',master_password='uplooking',master_log_file='mastera.000028',MASTER_LOG_POS=245; start slave; END 2.配置雙主從