hibernate

時間 2019-12-13

原文原文鏈接

<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8.Final</version>
</dependency>


<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8.Final</version>
</dependency>


<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.21</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.26</version>
</dependency>java

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
    
      <property name="connection.username">root</property>
      <property name="connection.password">root</property>
      <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
      <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>
      
      <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect</property>
      <!-- 控制檯打印 -->
      <property name="show_sql">true</property>
    
      <property name="format_sql">true</property>
      <!-- 生成表的策略 -->
      <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
      
      <!-- 設置數據庫事務的隔離級別  2讀已提交,mysql默認的事務隔離級別默認是可重複讀，oracle 默認是2 -->
      <property name="hibernate.connection.isolation">2</property>
      
      <!-- 如下兩項對mysql無效  對oracle有效 -->
      <!-- 設置jdbc的statement  讀取數據的時候每次從數據庫中取出的記錄條數 -->
      <property name="hibernate.jdbc.fetch_size">100</property>
      <!-- 批量操做的時候批次大小 -->
      <property name="jdbc.batch_size">30</property>
      
      <!-- <mapping resource="com/model/User.hbm.xml"/>
      <mapping resource="com/model/Customer.hbm.xml"/>
      <mapping resource="com/model/Orders.hbm.xml"/> -->
      
      <!-- <mapping resource="com/one2one/Manager.hbm.xml"/>
      <mapping resource="com/one2one/Department.hbm.xml"/> -->
      
      <!-- <mapping resource="com/many2many/Role.hbm.xml"/>
      <mapping resource="com/many2many/Menu.hbm.xml"/> -->
      
      <!-- 註解 -->
      <mapping class="com.annotation.Department"/>
      <mapping class="com.annotation.People"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

package com.test;


import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Blob;
import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.boot.MetadataSources;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;

import com.model.User;

/**
 * hibernate  對象的狀態
 * 1持久化      在session緩存中       持久化對象id不能修改    在persist()以前有ID則不會執行  將會拋出異常    save()以前不會執行，不會拋出異常
 * 2臨時    不在session緩存中
 * 3遊離
 * 4刪除
 * load不使用該對象不會執行sql，會返回一個代理對象,延遲加載 ，若數據表中沒有數據使用代理對象時，會拋異常        get會當即加載對象
 * load 可能會拋出lazyInitiaLizationException,關閉session後調用該代理對象
 * 
 * update   跟新持久化對象  不須要顯示調用  session.update    更新遊離對象時顯示調用 session.update，把遊離對象編程持久對象
 * 
 * 在session中不能有兩個 OID同樣的對象也就是數據庫中ID同樣的兩條數據
 * 
 * session.evict   把對象從緩存中移除
 * 
 * Hibernate.dowork  裏調用jdbc裏的  connection調用存儲過程  
 * 
 * hibernate 把持久化類分爲兩種
 * 1  值類型 沒有OID不能單獨持久化   生命週期跟隨持久化類
 * 2  entity 實體類型
 * 
 * worker對象裏有變量  pay(值類型)對象
 * 
 * 類級別的檢索策略   <class name="com.one2one.Department" table="DEPARTMENT" lazy="true">
 * 1當即檢索lazy="false"
 * 2延遲檢索  在使用具體的屬性   除了ID外 
 * 
 * 檢索  只對load方法有效
 * 
 * 一對多 和多對多 的檢索策略   默認true    用到多的時候才加載
 * lazy = extra    加強的延遲檢索，  會盡量延遲集合初始化的時機
 * <set name="orders" table="ORDERS" inverse="true" order-by="ID desc" lazy="true">
 * 
 * 
 * set元素 的batch-size 屬性：設定一次初始化set集合的數量  批量查詢集合的個數
 * 
 * set 集合的fetch屬性   1  默認值爲 select   正常方式初始化set     取值爲subselect  經過子查詢的方式查詢全部set集合 會覆蓋batch-size 
 * 
 * Hibernate.initialize(對象);  初始化的時候強制調用
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Test {
    
    
    private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("test");
        
        // A SessionFactory is set up once for an application!
        final StandardServiceRegistry registry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
                .configure("hibernate.cfg.xml") // configures settings from hibernate.cfg.xml
                .build();
        try {
            sessionFactory = new MetadataSources( registry ).buildMetadata().buildSessionFactory();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            // The registry would be destroyed by the SessionFactory, but we had trouble building the SessionFactory
            // so destroy it manually.
            StandardServiceRegistryBuilder.destroy( registry );
        }
        
        
    }

    @org.junit.Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        session.beginTransaction();
        User user = new User();
        //user.setId("11111");
        user.setDate(new Date());
        user.setName("張三");
        /*InputStream stream = new FileInputStream("");
        Blob image = Hibernate.getLobCreator(session).createBlob(stream, stream.available());*/
        
        
        session.save(user);
        //事務提交以前會調用session的flush同步數據庫和緩存（一級緩存）
        //執行hql  或qbc查詢會先進行flush
        //若ID是由數據庫生成的  調用save  會當即執行insert
        //session.refresh(user);//強制執行一條select  保證把數據最新的數據刷新到對象緩存中
        //clear清理緩存
        session.getTransaction().commit();
        session.close();


        
    }

}

//先插入主表  再插入從表    不然效率低   會多出多條update語句(由於外鍵不知道  因此先插入null  插入主表後才知道外鍵)
        //
        Orders orders = session.get(Orders.class, 1);
        
        //使用該對象時  纔會去查詢    （延遲加載）
        Customer customer = orders.getCustomer();
        
        //先刪從表再刪主表
        
        //在hibernate中經過  inverse屬性來決定是由雙向關聯的哪一方來維護表與表之間的關係
        //inverse = false 由主動方 ,inverse=true由被動方   在沒有設置inverse = true的狀況下  父子兩邊都維護
        //在1-n關係中，將n方設爲主控方將有助於性能改善

@Test
    public void test(){
        //懶加載異常
        //HQL
        //按索引綁定參數
        //Query q = session.createQuery("from Role where name like ?");
        //q.setString(0, "%aaa%");
        //按名稱綁定參數
        Query q = session.createQuery("from Role where name like :myname");
        //方法鏈式
        q.setString("myname", "張三");
        int pageNo = 3;
        int pageSize = 5;
        //分頁查詢
        List<Role> roles = q.setFirstResult((pageNo-1)*pageSize).setMaxResults(pageSize).list();
        System.out.println(roles.size());
        
        //命名查詢  和Mybatis相似
        /*<!-- <![CDATE[]]> -->
        <!-- Query q = session.getNamedQuery("selectAll") -->
        <!-- <query name="selectAll">FROM Role where name = :name</query> -->*/
        
        //投影查詢加select
        /*String hql = "select id,name from Role";
        Query q1 =  session.createQuery(hql);
        List<Object[]> result =q1.list() ;*/
        
        //返回對象  必須有Role(id,name)構造方法
        /*String hql2 = "select new Role(id,name) from Role";
        Query q2 =  session.createQuery(hql2);
        List<Role> result2 =q2.list() ;*/
        
        //select distinct d from Role r left  join fetch Menu
        //fetch  會把子集合都初始化   不用再一條條的查   通常都用fetch
        
        //連接查詢  一對多  默認返回對象數組類型    根據配置文件決定多的集合的初始化
        /*String hql3 = "select distinct d from Role r left  join Menu";
        Query q3 =  session.createQuery(hql3);
        List<Role> result2 =q3.list() ;*/
        
        //QBC
        //---------------Criteria 
        Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(Role.class);
        criteria.add(Restrictions.eq("name", "張三"));
        Role role = (Role) criteria.uniqueResult();
        
        //本地SQL
        
        
    }

//jdbc原生的批量操做是最快的
        
        session.doWork(new Work() {
            
            public void execute(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
                
            }
        });

一對一mysql

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2017-7-12 21:07:30 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.one2one.Manager" table="MANAGER">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
       <!--  <one-to-one name="department" class="com.one2one.Department"></one-to-one> -->
       <!-- property-ref="manager" 以manager 的ID關聯   若是不寫而   是 以Department的ID管理-->
        <!-- 查manager 的時候  會把 department也查出來，  （沒有外鍵的一方） 沒有延遲加載-->
        <one-to-one name="department" class="com.one2one.Department" property-ref="manager"></one-to-one>
       
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2017-7-12 21:07:30 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.one2one.Department" table="DEPARTMENT">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        <!-- <one-to-one name="manager" class="com.one2one.Manager"></one-to-one> -->
        
        <!-- 使用many-to-one 的方式映射1對1關係     約束外鍵惟一 -->
        <!-- 一對一的外鍵  不能兩端都有外鍵   容易混亂 -->
        <many-to-one name="manager" class="com.one2one.Manager">
          <column name="MAR_ID" unique="true"></column>
        
        </many-to-one>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

package com.one2one;

public class Manager {
    
    private Integer id;
    
    private String name;
    
    private Department department;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }

    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }
    
    

}

package com.one2one;

public class Department {
    
    
    private Integer id;
    
    private String name;
    
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Manager getManager() {
        return manager;
    }

    public void setManager(Manager manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }

    private Manager manager;
    
    

}

一對多sql

package com.model;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;


public class Customer {

    private Integer id;
    
    private String name;
    
    private Set<Orders> orders = new HashSet<Orders>();
    

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }


    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }


    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }


    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }


    public Set<Orders> getOrders() {
        return orders;
    }


    public void setOrders(Set<Orders> orders) {
        this.orders = orders;
    }


    
    
    
    
}

package com.model;


public class Orders {
    
    private Integer id;
    
    private String title;
    
    private String bianhao;
    
    private Customer customer;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getBianhao() {
        return bianhao;
    }

    public void setBianhao(String bianhao) {
        this.bianhao = bianhao;
    }

    public Customer getCustomer() {
        return customer;
    }

    public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
        this.customer = customer;
    }
    
     
    
    

}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2017-7-6 21:40:00 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.model.Customer" table="CUSTOMER">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        
        
        <!-- <set name="orders" table="ORDERS" inverse="true" cascade="delete"> -->
        <!-- 設置級聯刪除 ,刪除1的一端會把多的刪除 cascade="delete"            inverse="true" 由誰維護關聯關係-->
        <!-- order by  裏放的是列名 -->
        <set name="orders" table="ORDERS" inverse="true" order-by="ID desc" lazy="true">
           <key column="CUSTOMER_ID"></key>
           <one-to-many class="com.model.Orders"/>
        </set>
        
        
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2017-7-6 21:40:00 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.model.Orders" table="ORDERS">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="title" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="TITLE" />
        </property>
        <property name="bianhao" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="BIANHAO" />
        </property>
        <many-to-one name="customer" class="com.model.Customer">
            <column name="CUSTOMER_ID" />
        </many-to-one>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

多對多數據庫

package com.many2many;

public class Menu {
    
    private Integer id;
    
    private String name;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    

}

package com.many2many;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Role {

    private Integer id;
    
    private String name;
    
    
    private Set<Menu> menus = new HashSet<Menu>();

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Set<Menu> getMenus() {
        return menus;
    }

    public void setMenus(Set<Menu> menus) {
        this.menus = menus;
    }
    
    
    
    
    
}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2017-7-12 22:01:55 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.many2many.Menu" table="MENU">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        
        
        
        
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2017-7-12 22:01:55 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.many2many.Role" table="ROLE">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        
        <!--單項多對多 中間表     雙向多對多   都定義set  中間表必須相同   必須加inverse="true"   由哪一方維護關聯關係  -->
        <set name="menus" table="ROLE_MENU">
           <key>
              <!-- 當前表的主鍵 --> 
              <column name="R_ID"></column>
           </key>
           <many-to-many class="com.many2many.Menu" column="M_ID"></many-to-many>
        </set>
        
    </class>
    <!-- <![CDATE[]]> -->
    <!-- Query q = session.getNamedQuery("selectAll") -->
    <!-- <query name="selectAll">FROM Role where name = :name</query> -->
    
    
</hibernate-mapping>

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