IPFS 快速入門

IPFS 快速入門

IPFS是基於對等模式的網絡傳輸系統，相似於Git和BitTorrent的結合。

• 詳細介紹參見：https://my.oschina.net/u/2306127/blog?&search=IPFS

開始

• 原文：https://ipfs.io/docs/getting-started/

若是尚未安裝，參考 install IPFS.

若有任何問題，能夠到這裏討論 https://discuss.ipfs.io/ ，或者 #ipfs on chat.freenode.net.

初始化 repo 倉庫

全部ipfs發佈的文件都歸入倉庫中，並創建索引。

ipfs 採用全球統一索引的本地對象倉庫, 添加到 ~/.ipfs:

> ipfs init
initializing ipfs node at /Users/jbenet/.go-ipfs
generating 2048-bit RSA keypair...done
peer identity: Qmcpo2iLBikrdf1d6QU6vXuNb6P7hwrbNPW9kLAH8eG67z
to get started, enter:

  ipfs cat /ipfs/QmYwAPJzv5CZsnA625s3Xf2nemtYgPpHdWEz79ojWnPbdG/readme

注意這裏的 hash 值每一個節點和文件都是不同的。

如今, 試一下：

ipfs cat /ipfs/QmYwAPJzv5CZsnA625s3Xf2nemtYgPpHdWEz79ojWnPbdG/readme

能夠看到以下的畫面（上面的/ipfs/QmYwAPJzv5CZsnA625s3Xf2nemtYgPpHdWEz79ojWnPbdG是ipfs的地址，是一個對等節點，而不是傳統意義上的主機服務器）：

Hello and Welcome to IPFS!

██╗██████╗ ███████╗███████╗
██║██╔══██╗██╔════╝██╔════╝
██║██████╔╝█████╗  ███████╗
██║██╔═══╝ ██╔══╝  ╚════██║
██║██║     ██║     ███████║
╚═╝╚═╝     ╚═╝     ╚══════╝

If you're seeing this, you have successfully installed
IPFS and are now interfacing with the ipfs merkledag!

 -------------------------------------------------------
| Warning:                                              |
|   This is alpha software. use at your own discretion! |
|   Much is missing or lacking polish. There are bugs.  |
|   Not yet secure. Read the security notes for more.   |
 -------------------------------------------------------

Check out some of the other files in this directory:

  ./about
  ./help
  ./quick-start     <-- usage examples
  ./readme          <-- this file
  ./security-notes

能夠接着訪問其餘對象，例如得到 quick-start：

ipfs cat /ipfs/QmYwAPJzv5CZsnA625s3Xf2nemtYgPpHdWEz79ojWnPbdG/quick-start

將會看到幾個有趣的 examples。

啓用在線服務

Once you’re ready to take things online, run the daemon in another terminal:

> ipfs daemon
Initializing daemon...
API server listening on /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/5001
Gateway server listening on /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/8080

Wait for all three lines to appear.

Make note of the tcp ports you get. if they are different, use yours in the commands below.

Now, if you’re connected to the network, you should be able to see the ipfs addresses of your peers:

> ipfs swarm peers
/ip4/104.131.131.82/tcp/4001/ipfs/QmaCpDMGvV2BGHeYERUEnRQAwe3N8SzbUtfsmvsqQLuvuJ
/ip4/104.236.151.122/tcp/4001/ipfs/QmSoLju6m7xTh3DuokvT3886QRYqxAzb1kShaanJgW36yx
/ip4/134.121.64.93/tcp/1035/ipfs/QmWHyrPWQnsz1wxHR219ooJDYTvxJPyZuDUPSDpdsAovN5
/ip4/178.62.8.190/tcp/4002/ipfs/QmdXzZ25cyzSF99csCQmmPZ1NTbWTe8qtKFaZKpZQPdTFB

These are a combination of <transport address>/ipfs/<hash-of-public-key>.

Now, you should be able to get objects from the network. Try:

ipfs cat /ipfs/QmW2WQi7j6c7UgJTarActp7tDNikE4B2qXtFCfLPdsgaTQ/cat.jpg >cat.jpg
open cat.jpg

And, you should be able to give the network objects. Try adding one, and then viewing it in your favorite browser. In this example, we are using curl as our browser, but you can open the IPFS URL in other browsers as well:

> hash=`echo "I <3 IPFS -$(whoami)" | ipfs add -q`
> curl "https://ipfs.io/ipfs/$hash"
I <3 IPFS -<your username>

Cool, huh? The gateway served a file from your computer. The gateway queried the DHT, found your machine, requested the file, your machine sent it to the gateway, and the gateway sent it to your browser.

Note: depending on the state of the network, the `curl` may take a while. The public gateways may be overloaded or having a hard time reaching you.

檢查一下local gateway是否工做：

> curl "http://127.0.0.1:8080/ipfs/$hash"
I <3 IPFS -<your username>

缺省狀況下, 你的gateway 未對外部地址開放, 只能本地訪問。

Web控制檯

目前有一個簡單的web console，能夠查看節點狀態。訪問輸入：

• http://localhost:5001/webui

界面以下：

• 說明：對於5001系統服務端口，若是在Docker中映射了端口，能夠直接在服務器可訪問的網絡中訪問，但與4001的P2P端口服務不一樣，仍然不會被其餘的外部節點訪問。

好來，如今基本系統已經搭建完畢。

• 有更多的東西能夠玩：http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-nhghzozr-es.html