十一、kubernetes之dashboard

1、準備dashboard使用的證書

# cd /etc/kubernetes/pki/
pki]# (umask 077; openssl genrsa -out dashboard.key 2048)
pki]# openssl req -new -key dashboard.key -out dashboard.csr -subj "/O=dongfei/CN=dashboard"
pki]# openssl x509 -req -in dashboard.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out dashboard.crt -days 365
pki]# kubectl create secret generic dashboard-cert -n kube-system --from-file=dashboard.crt=./dashboard.crt --from-file=dashboard.key=./dashboard.key

2、部署dashboard

# docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
# ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]
  verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
  verbs: ["get", "update"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster"]
  verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services/proxy"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
  verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8443
          protocol: TCP
        args:
          - --auto-generate-certificates
          # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
          # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
          # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
          # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
        volumeMounts:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          mountPath: /certs
          # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
        - mountPath: /tmp
          name: tmp-volume
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            scheme: HTTPS
            path: /
            port: 8443
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        secret:
          secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
      - name: tmp-volume
        emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
# kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
kubernetes-dashboard-7d75c474bb-xn784   1/1     Running   0          19s

• 修改svc服務的網絡爲NodePort，從而使集羣外部能夠訪問

# kubectl patch svc kubernetes-dashboard -p '{"spec":{"type":"NodePort"}}' -n kube-system
# kubectl get svc -n kube-system
kubernetes-dashboard   NodePort    10.110.42.26   <none>        443:30121/TCP            7m1s

訪問：https://192.168.100.51:30121

3、使用token認證

# kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
# kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-cluster-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
# kubectl get secret -n kube-system |grep dashboard-admin
# kubectl describe secret dashboard-admin-token-5k7d7  -n kube-system
ca.crt:     1025 bytes
namespace:  11 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.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.YXGDW9nk-5idQUVc66-Utcsc8G_D9kX9bOnVw_cz0wujjYKxGAjMBAXQFmZcnlqBZoF4OdX2kXHmywrOI-Y346SE2632UVHGrwoxdvsYRFFlteRvUTyeTqvaogt0xeWmSmvLnxN5JSol-SDbx7v14RHsR-_BMKZdeXUk8EDAFUJIEy6SSYaViyCP19kg2pyjZkk3C4K0zhZhb5zRrVrWV55OPLsMUae8B-VzmVPQ0sI7xnffdLgC0Vo1tV8-QdVGPHyKD4I8k5mpPr7f83Laz97hlElj7j09RPjAzm-8fh6btM2SlV4ZHzPEmMfsvzh8x3d5OJU6ZZ-pczQRCtwp3g

將此token複製到頁面的令牌認證頁

4、使用kubeconfig認證

• 使用token作kubeconfig

# kubectl create serviceaccount def-ns-admin -n default
~]# kubectl get secret |grep def-ns-admin
def-ns-admin-token-m57kk   kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      10m
~]# DEF_NS_ADMIN_SECRET=$(kubectl get secret def-ns-admin-token-m57kk -o jsonpath={.data.token} |base64 -d)
~]# kubectl config set-credentials def-ns-admin --token=$DEF_NS_ADMIN_SECRET --kubeconfig=/root/def-ns-admin.conf
~]# kubectl config set-context def-ns-admin@kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=def-ns-admin --kubeconfig=/root/def-ns-admin.conf
~]# kubectl config use-context def-ns-admin@kubernetes --kubeconfig=/root/def-ns-admin.conf
~]# kubectl config view --kubeconfig=/root/def-ns-admin.conf

• 使用證書作kubeconfig

# cd /etc/kubernetes/pki/
pki]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=./ca.crt --server="https://192.168.100.51:6443" --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=/root/def-ns-admin.conf