Weex 表面上是一個客戶端技術,但實際上它串聯起了從本地開發、雲端部署到分發的整個鏈路。開發者首先可在本地像編寫 web 頁面同樣編寫一個 app 的界面,而後經過命令行工具將之編譯成一段 JavaScript 代碼,生成一個 Weex 的 JS bundle;同時,開發者能夠將生成的 JS bundle 部署至雲端,而後經過網絡請求或預下發的方式加載至用戶的移動應用客戶端;在移動應用客戶端裏,Weex SDK 會準備好一個 JavaScript 執行環境,而且在用戶打開一個 Weex 頁面時在這個執行環境中執行相應的 JS bundle,並將執行過程當中產生的各類命令發送到 native 端進行界面渲染、數據存儲、網絡通訊、調用設備功能及用戶交互響應等功能;同時,若是用戶但願使用瀏覽器訪問這個界面,那麼他能夠在瀏覽器裏打開一個相同的 web 頁面,這個頁面和移動應用使用相同的頁面源代碼,但被編譯成適合Web展現的JS Bundle,經過瀏覽器裏的 JavaScript 引擎及 Weex SDK 運行起來的。html
上面是Weex官方的介紹。下面對Native端的原理作一下細分:webpack
下面咱們開始對Native端的解析,作一下分析。ios
咱們新建一個Weex項目以後,經過「weex platform add ios」,能夠添加iOS的工程代碼。打開該工程,能夠看到以下內容:web
+ (void)initWeexSDK { [WXAppConfiguration setAppGroup:@"AliApp"]; [WXAppConfiguration setAppName:@"WeexDemo"]; [WXAppConfiguration setAppVersion:@"1.8.3"]; [WXAppConfiguration setExternalUserAgent:@"ExternalUA"]; [WXSDKEngine initSDKEnvironment]; [WXSDKEngine registerHandler:[WXImgLoaderDefaultImpl new] withProtocol:@protocol(WXImgLoaderProtocol)]; #ifdef DEBUG [WXLog setLogLevel:WXLogLevelLog]; #endif }
該代碼通常在application: didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:中進行調用,用於初始化WeexSDK,下面咱們來看一下這部分的源碼實現,經過查看源碼,更深刻的理解WeexSDK。數組
@interface WXAppConfiguration : NSObject /** * @abstract Group or organization of your app, default value is nil. */ + (NSString *)appGroup; + (void)setAppGroup:(NSString *) appGroup; /** * @abstract Name of your app, default is value for CFBundleDisplayName in main bundle. */ + (NSString *)appName; + (void)setAppName:(NSString *)appName; /** * @abstract Version of your app, default is value for CFBundleShortVersionString in main bundle. */ + (NSString *)appVersion; + (void)setAppVersion:(NSString *)appVersion; /** * @abstract External user agent of your app, all requests sent by weex will set the user agent on header, default value is nil. */ + (NSString *)externalUserAgent; + (void)setExternalUserAgent:(NSString *)userAgent; /** * @abstract JSFrameworkVersion */ + (NSString *)JSFrameworkVersion; + (void)setJSFrameworkVersion:(NSString *)JSFrameworkVersion; /** + * @abstract JSFrameworkLibSize + */ + (NSUInteger)JSFrameworkLibSize; + (void)setJSFrameworkLibSize:(NSUInteger)JSFrameworkLibSize; /* * @abstract customizeProtocolClasses */ + (NSArray*)customizeProtocolClasses; + (void)setCustomizeProtocolClasses:(NSArray*)customizeProtocolClasses; @end
從.h文件能夠看到,該類是用來用來記錄App配置信息的。全部方法都是類方法,內部實現是用單例實現的,.h用類方法是爲了方便調用。瀏覽器
[WXSDKEngine initSDKEnvironment];
該方法都作了哪些事情呢?緩存
+ (void)initSDKEnvironment { // 加載本地的main.js NSString *filePath = [[NSBundle bundleForClass:self] pathForResource:@"native-bundle-main" ofType:@"js"]; NSString *script = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:filePath encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil]; // 初始化SDK環境 [WXSDKEngine initSDKEnvironment:script]; // 模擬器版本特殊代碼 #if TARGET_OS_SIMULATOR static dispatch_once_t onceToken; dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{ [WXSimulatorShortcutManager registerSimulatorShortcutWithKey:@"i" modifierFlags:UIKeyModifierCommand | UIKeyModifierAlternate action:^{ NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://localhost:8687/launchDebugger"]; NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL]; NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession]; NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler: ^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) { // ... }]; [task resume]; WXLogInfo(@"Launching browser..."); dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(1 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{ [self connectDebugServer:@"ws://localhost:8687/debugger/0/renderer"]; }); }]; }); #endif } + (void)initSDKEnvironment:(NSString *)script { // 打點記錄狀態 WX_MONITOR_PERF_START(WXPTInitalize) WX_MONITOR_PERF_START(WXPTInitalizeSync) if (!script || script.length <= 0) { NSMutableString *errMsg = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"[WX_KEY_EXCEPTION_SDK_INIT_JSFM_INIT_FAILED] script don't exist:%@",script]; [WXExceptionUtils commitCriticalExceptionRT:@"WX_KEY_EXCEPTION_SDK_INIT" errCode:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", WX_KEY_EXCEPTION_SDK_INIT] function:@"initSDKEnvironment" exception:errMsg extParams:nil]; WX_MONITOR_FAIL(WXMTJSFramework, WX_ERR_JSFRAMEWORK_LOAD, errMsg); return; } static dispatch_once_t onceToken; dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{ // 註冊Components,Modules,Handlers [self registerDefaults]; // 執行JsFramework [[WXSDKManager bridgeMgr] executeJsFramework:script]; }); // 打點記錄狀態 WX_MONITOR_PERF_END(WXPTInitalizeSync) }
從源碼能夠看到,初始化總共作了四件事情:安全
WXMonitor是一個普通的對象,它裏面只存儲了一個線程安全的字典WXThreadSafeMutableDictionary。weex
@interface WXThreadSafeMutableDictionary<KeyType, ObjectType> : NSMutableDictionary @property (nonatomic, strong) dispatch_queue_t queue; @property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableDictionary* dict; @end
WXMonitor在整個Weex裏面擔任的職責是記錄下各個操做的tag值和記錄成功和失敗的緣由。網絡
+ (void)registerDefaults { static dispatch_once_t onceToken; dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{ [self _registerDefaultComponents]; [self _registerDefaultModules]; [self _registerDefaultHandlers]; }); }
從上面能夠看到,WXSDKEngine在初始化的時候,分別註冊了Components、Modules、Handlers。這是 Weex 與 Native 應用層交互最核心的部分,能夠理解爲「組件」。其中 Component 是爲了映射 Html 的一些標籤,Module 中是提供一些 Native 的方法供 Weex 調用,Handler 是一些協議的實現。
註冊完 Weex 默認的「組件」 以後,注入3.2小節的那段 JS,這個時候 Vue 的標籤和動做才能被 Weex 所識別和轉換。
[[WXSDKManager bridgeMgr] executeJsFramework:script];
WXSDKManager會調用WXBridgeManager去執行SDK裏面的main.js文件。
- (void)executeJsFramework:(NSString *)script { if (!script) return; __weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self; WXPerformBlockOnBridgeThread(^(){ [weakSelf.bridgeCtx executeJsFramework:script]; }); }
WXBridgeManager經過WXBridgeContext調用executeJsFramework:方法,這裏的方法調用也是在子線程中進行的。
- (void)executeJsFramework:(NSString *)script { WXAssertBridgeThread(); WXAssertParam(script); WX_MONITOR_PERF_START(WXPTFrameworkExecute); [self.jsBridge executeJSFramework:script]; WX_MONITOR_PERF_END(WXPTFrameworkExecute); if ([self.jsBridge exception]) { NSString *exception = [[self.jsBridge exception] toString]; NSMutableString *errMsg = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"[WX_KEY_EXCEPTION_SDK_INIT_JSFM_INIT_FAILED] %@",exception]; [WXExceptionUtils commitCriticalExceptionRT:@"WX_KEY_EXCEPTION_SDK_INIT" errCode:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", WX_KEY_EXCEPTION_SDK_INIT] function:@"" exception:errMsg extParams:nil]; WX_MONITOR_FAIL(WXMTJSFramework, WX_ERR_JSFRAMEWORK_EXECUTE, errMsg); } else { WX_MONITOR_SUCCESS(WXMTJSFramework); //the JSFramework has been load successfully. // 至此JSFramework是徹底加載完成了 self.frameworkLoadFinished = YES; // 執行全部註冊的JsService [self executeAllJsService]; // 獲取JSFramework版本號 JSValue *frameworkVersion = [self.jsBridge callJSMethod:@"getJSFMVersion" args:nil]; if (frameworkVersion && [frameworkVersion isString]) { // 把版本號存入WXAppConfiguration中 [WXAppConfiguration setJSFrameworkVersion:[frameworkVersion toString]]; } if (script) { [WXAppConfiguration setJSFrameworkLibSize:[script lengthOfBytesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]]; } //execute methods which has been stored in methodQueue temporarily. // 執行以前緩存在_methodQueue數組裏面的全部方法 for (NSDictionary *method in _methodQueue) { [self callJSMethod:method[@"method"] args:method[@"args"]]; } [_methodQueue removeAllObjects]; // 至此,初始化工做完成 WX_MONITOR_PERF_END(WXPTInitalize); }; }
WX_MONITOR_PERF_START是在操做以前標記WXPTFrameworkExecute,執行完JSFramework之後,用WX_MONITOR_PERF_END標記執行完成。
- (void)executeJSFramework:(NSString *)frameworkScript { WXAssertParam(frameworkScript); if (WX_SYS_VERSION_GREATER_THAN_OR_EQUAL_TO(@"8.0")) { [_jsContext evaluateScript:frameworkScript withSourceURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"native-bundle-main.js"]]; }else{ [_jsContext evaluateScript:frameworkScript]; } }
- (void)executeAllJsService { for(NSDictionary *service in _jsServiceQueue) { NSString *script = [service valueForKey:@"script"]; NSString *name = [service valueForKey:@"name"]; [self executeJsService:script withName:name]; } [_jsServiceQueue removeAllObjects]; } for (NSDictionary *method in _methodQueue) { [self callJSMethod:method[@"method"] args:method[@"args"]]; } - (JSValue *)callJSMethod:(NSString *)method args:(NSArray *)args { WXLogDebug(@"Calling JS... method:%@, args:%@", method, args); return [[_jsContext globalObject] invokeMethod:method withArguments:args]; }
這裏再補充討論一下,jsBridge第一次是如何被加載進來的?
- (id<WXBridgeProtocol>)jsBridge { WXAssertBridgeThread(); _debugJS = [WXDebugTool isDevToolDebug]; Class bridgeClass = _debugJS ? NSClassFromString(@"WXDebugger") : [WXJSCoreBridge class]; if (_jsBridge && [_jsBridge isKindOfClass:bridgeClass]) { return _jsBridge; } if (_jsBridge) { [_methodQueue removeAllObjects]; _frameworkLoadFinished = NO; } _jsBridge = _debugJS ? [NSClassFromString(@"WXDebugger") alloc] : [[WXJSCoreBridge alloc] init]; [self registerGlobalFunctions]; return _jsBridge; }
第一次進入這個函數沒有jsBridge實例的時候,會先生成WXJSCoreBridge的實例,而後緊接着註冊全局的函數。等第二次再調用這個函數的時候,_jsBridge已是WXJSCoreBridge類型了,就會直接return,下面的語句也不會再重複執行了。
typedef NSInteger(^WXJSCallNative)(NSString *instance, NSArray *tasks, NSString *callback); typedef NSInteger(^WXJSCallAddElement)(NSString *instanceId, NSString *parentRef, NSDictionary *elementData, NSInteger index); typedef NSInteger(^WXJSCallCreateBody)(NSString *instanceId, NSDictionary *bodyData); typedef NSInteger(^WXJSCallRemoveElement)(NSString *instanceId,NSString *ref); typedef NSInteger(^WXJSCallMoveElement)(NSString *instanceId,NSString *ref,NSString *parentRef,NSInteger index); typedef NSInteger(^WXJSCallUpdateAttrs)(NSString *instanceId,NSString *ref,NSDictionary *attrsData); typedef NSInteger(^WXJSCallUpdateStyle)(NSString *instanceId,NSString *ref,NSDictionary *stylesData); typedef NSInteger(^WXJSCallAddEvent)(NSString *instanceId,NSString *ref,NSString *event); typedef NSInteger(^WXJSCallRemoveEvent)(NSString *instanceId,NSString *ref,NSString *event); typedef NSInteger(^WXJSCallCreateFinish)(NSString *instanceId); typedef NSInvocation *(^WXJSCallNativeModule)(NSString *instanceId, NSString *moduleName, NSString *methodName, NSArray *args, NSDictionary *options); typedef void (^WXJSCallNativeComponent)(NSString *instanceId, NSString *componentRef, NSString *methodName, NSArray *args, NSDictionary *options);
上面的閉包,是OC封裝暴露給JS的。對應的全局函數:
- (void)registerCallNative:(WXJSCallNative)callNative { JSValue* (^callNativeBlock)(JSValue *, JSValue *, JSValue *) = ^JSValue*(JSValue *instance, JSValue *tasks, JSValue *callback){ NSString *instanceId = [instance toString]; NSArray *tasksArray = [tasks toArray]; NSString *callbackId = [callback toString]; WXLogDebug(@"Calling native... instance:%@, tasks:%@, callback:%@", instanceId, tasksArray, callbackId); return [JSValue valueWithInt32:(int32_t)callNative(instanceId, tasksArray, callbackId) inContext:[JSContext currentContext]]; }; _jsContext[@"callNative"] = callNativeBlock; } - (void)registerCallAddElement:(WXJSCallAddElement)callAddElement { id callAddElementBlock = ^(JSValue *instanceId, JSValue *ref, JSValue *element, JSValue *index, JSValue *ifCallback) { NSString *instanceIdString = [instanceId toString]; NSDictionary *componentData = [element toDictionary]; NSString *parentRef = [ref toString]; NSInteger insertIndex = [[index toNumber] integerValue]; [WXTracingManager startTracingWithInstanceId:instanceIdString ref:componentData[@"ref"] className:nil name:WXTJSCall phase:WXTracingBegin functionName:@"addElement" options:@{@"threadName":WXTJSBridgeThread,@"componentData":componentData}]; WXLogDebug(@"callAddElement...%@, %@, %@, %ld", instanceIdString, parentRef, componentData, (long)insertIndex); return [JSValue valueWithInt32:(int32_t)callAddElement(instanceIdString, parentRef, componentData, insertIndex) inContext:[JSContext currentContext]]; }; _jsContext[@"callAddElement"] = callAddElementBlock; } - (void)registerCallNativeModule:(WXJSCallNativeModule)callNativeModuleBlock { _jsContext[@"callNativeModule"] = ^JSValue *(JSValue *instanceId, JSValue *moduleName, JSValue *methodName, JSValue *args, JSValue *options) { NSString *instanceIdString = [instanceId toString]; NSString *moduleNameString = [moduleName toString]; NSString *methodNameString = [methodName toString]; NSArray *argsArray = [args toArray]; NSDictionary *optionsDic = [options toDictionary]; WXLogDebug(@"callNativeModule...%@,%@,%@,%@", instanceIdString, moduleNameString, methodNameString, argsArray); NSInvocation *invocation = callNativeModuleBlock(instanceIdString, moduleNameString, methodNameString, argsArray, optionsDic); JSValue *returnValue = [JSValue wx_valueWithReturnValueFromInvocation:invocation inContext:[JSContext currentContext]]; [WXTracingManager startTracingWithInstanceId:instanceIdString ref:nil className:nil name:moduleNameString phase:WXTracingInstant functionName:methodNameString options:nil]; return returnValue; }; } - (void)registerCallNativeComponent:(WXJSCallNativeComponent)callNativeComponentBlock { _jsContext[@"callNativeComponent"] = ^void(JSValue *instanceId, JSValue *componentName, JSValue *methodName, JSValue *args, JSValue *options) { NSString *instanceIdString = [instanceId toString]; NSString *componentNameString = [componentName toString]; NSString *methodNameString = [methodName toString]; NSArray *argsArray = [args toArray]; NSDictionary *optionsDic = [options toDictionary]; WXLogDebug(@"callNativeComponent...%@,%@,%@,%@", instanceIdString, componentNameString, methodNameString, argsArray); callNativeComponentBlock(instanceIdString, componentNameString, methodNameString, argsArray, optionsDic); }; }
因爲JS的方法的寫法,多個參數是依次寫在小括號裏面的,和OC多個參數中間用:號隔開是不同的,全部在暴露給JS的時候,須要把Block再包裝一層。包裝的4個方法如上,最後把這4個方法注入到JSContext中。
如上圖,灰色的就是OC本地傳入的Block,外面在包一層,變成JS的方法,注入到JSContext中。