Bootstrap 網格系統

時間 2019-11-24

原文原文鏈接

自版本 2.3.2 起，Bootstrap 提供了兩種類型的網格，默認網格系統和流動網格系統。默認的網格系統是 940px 寬和 12 列。本文主要講解第一種。javascript

首先讓咱們看，怎麼來應用默認網格系統

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Fixed layout example with Bootstrap</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- Bootstrap -->
    <link href="bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
  </head>
  <body>

    <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery.js"></script>
    <script src="bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

View Code

Bootstrap 使用 CSS 的 class "row" 來建立水平行，使用 CSS 的 class "spanx"（x 的值從 1 到 12）來建立垂直列。經過這兩個就能夠建立一個三列的網格（每一列包含一些文本內容），HTML 以下所示php

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Fixed layout example with Bootstrap</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- Bootstrap -->
    <link href="bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
  </head>
  <body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
  <div class="span4"><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Nam cursus. Morbi ut mi. Nullam enim leo, egestas id, condimentum at, laoreet mattis, massa. Sed eleifend nonummy diam. Praesent mauris ante, elementum et, bibendum at, posuere sit amet, nibh. Duis tincidunt lectus quis dui viverra vestibulum. Suspendisse vulputate aliquam dui. Nulla elementum dui ut augue. Aliquam vehicula mi at mauris. Maecenas placerat, nisl at consequat rhoncus, sem nunc gravida justo, quis eleifend arcu velit quis lacus. Morbi magna magna, tincidunt a, mattis non, imperdiet vitae, tellus. Sed odio est, auctor ac, sollicitudin in, consequat vitae, orci. Fusce id felis. Vivamus sollicitudin metus eget eros.</p></div>
  <div class="span4"><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Nam cursus. Morbi ut mi. Nullam enim leo, egestas id, condimentum at, laoreet mattis, massa. Sed eleifend nonummy diam. Praesent mauris ante, elementum et, bibendum at, posuere sit amet, nibh. Duis tincidunt lectus quis dui viverra vestibulum. Suspendisse vulputate aliquam dui. Nulla elementum dui ut augue. Aliquam vehicula mi at mauris. Maecenas placerat, nisl at consequat rhoncus, sem nunc gravida justo, quis eleifend arcu velit quis lacus. Morbi magna magna, tincidunt a, mattis non, imperdiet vitae, tellus. Sed odio est, auctor ac, sollicitudin in, consequat vitae, orci. Fusce id felis. Vivamus sollicitudin metus eget eros.</p></div>
  <div class="span4"><p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Nam cursus. Morbi ut mi. Nullam enim leo, egestas id, condimentum at, laoreet mattis, massa. Sed eleifend nonummy diam. Praesent mauris ante, elementum et, bibendum at, posuere sit amet, nibh. Duis tincidunt lectus quis dui viverra vestibulum. Suspendisse vulputate aliquam dui. Nulla elementum dui ut augue. Aliquam vehicula mi at mauris. Maecenas placerat, nisl at consequat rhoncus, sem nunc gravida justo, quis eleifend arcu velit quis lacus. Morbi magna magna, tincidunt a, mattis non, imperdiet vitae, tellus. Sed odio est, auctor ac, sollicitudin in, consequat vitae, orci. Fusce id felis. Vivamus sollicitudin metus eget eros.</p></div>
</div>  
</div>
  <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery.js"></script>
    <script src="bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

View Code

建立網格的語法以下：css

<div class="row">
<div class="spanx">
inline elements like span, block level elements like p, div.
</div>
 <div>

CSS 代碼     解釋

.span12 {
  width: 940px;
}

    若是該行有一個單一的列，列寬爲 940px。

.span11 {
  width: 860px;
}

    若是該行有一個由 11 列合併的列，列寬爲 860px。

.span10 {
  width: 780px;
}

    若是該行有一個由 10 列合併的列，列寬爲 780px。

.span9 {
  width: 700px;
}

    若是該行有一個由 9 列合併的列，列寬爲 700px。

.span8 {
  width: 620px;
}

    若是該行有一個由 8 列合併的列，列寬爲 620px。

.span7 {
  width: 540px;
}

    若是該行有一個由 7 列合併的列，列寬爲 540px。

.span6 {
  width: 460px;
}

    若是該行有一個由 6 列合併的列，列寬爲 460px。

.span5 {
  width: 380px;
}

    若是該行有一個由 5 列合併的列，列寬爲 380px。

.span4 {
  width: 300px;
}

    若是該行有一個由 4 列合併的列，列寬爲 300px。

.span3 {
  width: 220px;
}

    若是該行有一個由 3 列合併的列，列寬爲 220px。

.span2 {
  width: 140px;
}

    若是該行有一個由 2 列合併的列，列寬爲 140px。

.span1 {
  width: 60px;
}

    單個列寬爲 60px。

Bootstrap 默認網格實例

<!DOCTYPE html> 
<html lang="en"> 
<head> 
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>Bootstrap Grid System Example - w3cschool Bootstrap Tutorial</title> 
<meta name="description" content="Creating a 16 columns Grid with Bootstrap. Learn with examples to create a Grid System in Bootstrap."> 
<link href="booststrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> 
<style>
.span12 h1{color:#FE6E4C; font-weight: bold; padding: 5px;}
h3 {margin: 10px 0 10px 0;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="span12">
<h1>w3cschool.cc is a web design and development tutorial.</h1> 
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="span12">
<p>w3cschool offers web development tutorials. We believe in Open Source. Love standards. And prioritize simplicity and readability while serving content. With 3000+ unique content pages and thousands of examples, we are comprehensive. We have online practice editors to play around with the example codes.</p> 
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="span12">
<h3>Some of the topics and more... :</h3> 
</div>
<div class="span2">
<p><img src="images/html5_logo.png" width="140" height="86" alt="html5 logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span2">
<p><img src="images/javascript-logo.png" width="140" height="86" alt="javascript logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span2">
<p><img src="images/json.gif" width="140" height="86" alt="JSON logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span2">
<p><img src="images/php.png" width="140" height="86" alt="PHP logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span2">
<p><img src="images/mysql-logo.png" width="140" height="86" alt="MySQL logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span2">
<p><img src="images/browser-statistics.png" width="140" height="86" alt="Browser Statistics logo" /></p> 
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="span12">
<h3>Social networking sites to share:</h3> 
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/gplus.png" width="50" height="49" alt="GPlus logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/twitter.png" width="50" height="38" alt="Twitter logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/orkut.png" width="50" height="55" alt="Orkut logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/ipad.png" width="50" height="53" alt="iPad logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/digo.png" width="50" height="54" alt="Digo logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/zapface.png" width="51" height="53" alt="Zapface logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/facebook.png" width="48" height="53" alt="facebook logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/netvibes.png" width="51" height="53" alt="Netvibes logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/linkedin.png" width="49" height="54" alt="LinkedIn logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/newsvine.png" width="48" height="53" alt="Newsvine logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/blogger.png" width="51" height="53" alt="Blogger logo" /></p> 
</div>
<div class="span1">
<p><img src="images/reditt.png" width="48" height="57" alt="Reddit logo" /></p> 
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="span3">
<h3>Fontend Development:</h3> 
<p>HTML4.0, XHTML1.0, CSS2.1, HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript</p>
</div>
<div class="span3">
<h3>Backend Developemt:</h3> 
<p>PHP, Ruby, Python, Java, ASP.NET, SCALA</p>
</div>
<div class="span3">
<h3>Database Management:</h3> 
<p>SQL, MySQL POstgreSQL, NoSQL, MongoDB</p>
</div>
<div class="span3">
<h3>APIs, Tools and Tips:</h3> 
<p>Google Plus API, Twitter Bootstrap, JSON, Firebug, WebPNG</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

View Code

效果如圖：html

偏移列：默認網格

經過使用偏移，您能夠把列移動它原始位置的右側。這是經過向列添加左邊距來實現的。經過 Bootstrap，您能夠使用 "offsetx"（其中 x 的值是一個正整數） class 和 class "spany"（其中 y 的值是一個正整數）。取決於 'offestx' 中 'x' 的值，相關的列向右移動 'x' 個列的寬度。html5

偏移的寬度是在 Bootstrap CSS 中定義的。offset12 的最高左邊距是 980px，offset1 的最低左邊距是 100px。java

因爲默認網格系統是基於像素的，當應用偏移時，您必須知道您要用於偏移的像素和要用於列的像素。這兩個加在一塊兒必須不超過您的水平視口的像素數。mysql

在下面的實例中，咱們將建立一個兩列的網格。其中，咱們讓左邊的列向右移動 4 個列。HTML 代碼以下所示：jquery

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap offsetting column example</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- Bootstrap -->
    <link href="bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="container">
    <div class="row">
<div class="span4 offset4">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Nam cursus. Morbi ut mi. Nullam enim leo, egestas id, condimentum at, laoreet mattis, massa. Sed eleifend nonummy diam. Praesent mauris ante, elementum et, bibendum at, posuere sit amet, nibh. Duis tincidunt lectus quis dui viverra vestibulum. Suspendisse vulputate aliquam dui. Nulla elementum dui ut augue. Aliquam vehicula mi at mauris. Maecenas placerat, nisl at consequat rhoncus, sem nunc gravida justo, quis eleifend arcu velit quis lacus. Morbi magna magna, tincidunt a, mattis non, imperdiet vitae, tellus. Sed odio est, auctor ac, sollicitudin in, consequat vitae, orci. Fusce id felis. Vivamus sollicitudin metus eget eros.</p>
</div>
<div class="span3">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Nam cursus. Morbi ut mi. Nullam enim leo, egestas id, condimentum at, laoreet mattis, massa. Sed eleifend nonummy diam. Praesent mauris ante, elementum et, bibendum at, posuere sit amet, nibh. Duis tincidunt lectus quis dui viverra vestibulum. Suspendisse vulputate aliquam dui. Nulla elementum dui ut augue. Aliquam vehicula mi at mauris. Maecenas placerat, nisl at consequat rhoncus, sem nunc gravida justo, quis eleifend arcu velit quis lacus. Morbi magna magna, tincidunt a, mattis non, imperdiet vitae, tellus. Sed odio est, auctor ac, sollicitudin in, consequat vitae, orci. Fusce id felis. Vivamus sollicitudin metus eget eros.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
    <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery.js"></script>
    <script src="bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

效果圖以下：ios

嵌套列：默認網格

使用 Bootstrap 默認網格，列能夠嵌套。您只須要簡單地在列中建立一個行，並建立您想要在行中嵌套的列數。與此同時，您必須記住用來嵌套其餘列的列的總列數，確保不能超過您建立父列時所提到的列數。web

下面的實例演示如何在 Bootstrap 的默認網格中嵌套列。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap nested columns example</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- Bootstrap -->
    <link href="bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="container">
    <div class="row">
    <div class="span7">
    <div class="row">
    <div class="span4">
   <p>Maecenas aliquet velit vel turpis. Mauris neque metus, malesuada nec, ultricies sit amet, porttitor mattis, enim. In massa libero, interdum nec, interdum vel, blandit sed, nulla. In ullamcorper, est eget tempor cursus, neque mi consectetuer mi, a ultricies massa est sed nisl. Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos hymenaeos. Proin nulla arcu, nonummy luctus, dictum eget, fermentum et, lorem. Nunc porta convallis pede.</p>
    </div>
   <div class="span3">
<p>Maecenas aliquet velit vel turpis. Mauris neque metus, malesuada nec, ultricies sit amet, porttitor mattis, enim. In massa libero, interdum nec, interdum vel, blandit sed, nulla. In ullamcorper, est eget tempor cursus, neque mi consectetuer mi, a ultricies massa est sed nisl. Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos hymenaeos. Proin nulla arcu, nonummy luctus, dictum eget, fermentum et, lorem. Nunc porta convallis pede.</p>
    </div>
    </div>
   </div>
  <div class="span5">
  <p>Maecenas aliquet velit vel turpis. Mauris neque metus, malesuada nec, ultricies sit amet, porttitor mattis, enim. In massa libero, interdum nec, interdum vel, blandit sed, nulla. In ullamcorper, est eget tempor cursus, neque mi consectetuer mi, a ultricies massa est sed nisl. Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos hymenaeos. Proin nulla arcu, nonummy luctus, dictum eget, fermentum et, lorem. Nunc porta convallis pede.</p>
    </div>
   </div>
   </div>
    <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery.js"></script>
    <script src="bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>