Objective C中數組排序幾種狀況的總結

總結OC中數組排序3種方法:sortedArrayUsingSelector:;sortedArrayUsingComparator:;sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:數組

 

大致上,OC中經常使用的數組排序有如下幾種方法:sortedArrayUsingSelector:;sortedArrayUsingComparator:;sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:測試

一、簡單排序(sortedArrayUsingSelector:)

若是隻是對字符串的排序,能夠利用sortedArrayUsingSelector:方法就能夠了,代碼以下spa

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
//簡單排序
void sortArray1(){
     NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@ "abc" ,@ "456" ,@ "123" ,@ "789" ,@ "ef" , nil];
     NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
     NSLog(@ "排序後:%@" ,sortedArray);
}
固然,除了利用字符串自帶的compare:方法,也能夠本身寫compare:方法,進行對象的比較;以下:

首先是新建了Person類,實現方法以下(頭文件就省了):.net

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
#import "Person.h"
@implementation Person
 
//直接實現靜態方法,獲取帶有name和age的Person對象
+(Person *)personWithAge:( int ) age withName:(NSString *)name{
     Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
     person.age = age;
     person.name = name;
     return person;
}
 
//自定義排序方法
-(NSComparisonResult)comparePerson:(Person *)person{
   //默認按年齡排序
     NSComparisonResult result = [[NSNumber numberWithInt:person.age] compare:[NSNumber numberWithInt:self.age]]; //注意:基本數據類型要進行數據轉換
   //若是年齡同樣,就按照名字排序
     if (result == NSOrderedSame) {
         result = [self.name compare:person.name];
     }
     return result;
}
 
@end
主函數代碼以下:
?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
void sortArray2(){
     Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@ "zhangsan" ];
     Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@ "lisi" ];
     Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@ "wangwu" ];
     Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@ "liwu" ];
     Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:20 withName:@ "liwu" ];
     NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil];
     NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(comparePerson:)];
     NSLog(@ "排序後:%@" ,sortedArray);
}

二、利用block語法(sortedArrayUsingComparator:)

蘋果官方提供了block語法,比較方便。其中數組排序能夠用sortedArrayUsingComparator:方法,代碼以下:code

 

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
void sortArray3(){
     NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@ "1bc" ,@ "4b6" ,@ "123" ,@ "789" ,@ "3ef" , nil];
     NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id obj1, id obj2) {
 
    //這裏的代碼能夠參照上面compare:默認的排序方法,也能夠把自定義的方法寫在這裏,給對象排序
         NSComparisonResult result = [obj1 compare:obj2];
         return result;
     }];
     NSLog(@ "排序後:%@" ,sortedArray);
}

三、高級排序(sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:)

若是是這樣一種狀況呢?Person類裏有另一個類的變量,好比說Person類除了name,age變量,還有一輛車Car類型,Car類裏有個name屬性。對Person對象進行排序,有這樣的要求:按照Car的name排序,若是是同一輛車,也就是Car的name相同,那麼再按照年齡進行排序,若是年齡也相同,最後按照Person的name進行排序。orm

上面這樣就要使用第三種方法,利用排序描述器,很少說,有興趣能夠看看API介紹。代碼以下:對象

首先寫個Car類,實現類Car.m代碼以下:blog

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
#import "Car.h"
@implementation Car
 
+(Car *)initWithName:(NSString *)name{
     Car *car = [Car alloc] init];
     car.name = name;
     return car;
}
 
@end

而後改寫Person類,實現類Person.m代碼以下:排序

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
#import "Person.h"
#import "Car.h"
@implementation Person
 
+(Person *)personWithAge:( int )age withName:(NSString *)name withCar:(Car *)car{
     Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
     person.age = age;
     person.name = name;
     person.car = car;
     return person;
}
 
//這裏重寫description方法,用於最後測試排序結果顯示
-(NSString *)description{
     return [NSString stringWithFormat:@ "age is %zi , name is %@, car is %@" ,_age,_name,_car.name];
}
 
@end
主函數代碼以下:
?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
void sortArray4(){
         //首先來3輛車,分別是奧迪、勞斯萊斯、寶馬
         Car *car1 = [Car initWithName:@ "Audio" ];
         Car *car2 = [Car initWithName:@ "Rolls-Royce" ];
         Car *car3 = [Car initWithName:@ "BMW" ];
         
         //再來5個Person,每人送輛車,分別爲car二、car一、car一、car三、car2
         Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@ "zhangsan" withCar:car2];
         Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@ "zhangsan" withCar:car1];
         Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@ "lisi" withCar:car1];
         Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@ "wangwu" withCar:car3];
         Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@ "wangwu" withCar:car2];
 
     
         //加入數組
         NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil];
         
         //構建排序描述器
         NSSortDescriptor *carNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@ "car.name" ascending:YES];
         NSSortDescriptor *personNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@ "name" ascending:YES];
         NSSortDescriptor *personAgeDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@ "age" ascending:YES];
         
         //把排序描述器放進數組裏,放入的順序就是你想要排序的順序
         //我這裏是:首先按照年齡排序,而後是車的名字,最後是按照人的名字
         NSArray *descriptorArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:personAgeDesc,carNameDesc,personNameDesc, nil];
         
         NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingDescriptors: descriptorArray];
         NSLog(@ "%@" ,sortedArray);
}
結果以下:

從結果看出,先按照age排序,若是age相同,按照car排序,若是car相同,按照name排序。

(注意:上面兩種排序方法要想實現字符串顯示,請重寫description方法)

相關文章
相關標籤/搜索