容器數據卷

docker的理念

將應用和環境打包乘一個鏡像

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it -v 主機目錄：容器目錄

[root@docker ceshi]# docker run -it -v /home/ceshi/:/home centos /bin/bash
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例：

 

雙向過程，在容器內修改東西，宿主機內數據是同步的，反之

 

 

實戰：Mysql安裝

問題：Mysql的數據持久化問題

 

 

官方啓動方法

docker run --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag

 

 

 

啓動mysql

[root@docker ~]# docker run -d -p 3310:3306 -v /home/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /home/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --name mysql01 mysql:5.7

c751aa1f8c74ff58c5551e8bb62f2c90b58bbab90f7044b296a47fbef8569638

 

-d 後臺運行

-p 端口映射

-v 卷掛載

-e 環境配置

--name 容器的名字

 

 

 

[root@docker data]# docker volume --help

 

Usage:        docker volume COMMAND

 

Manage volumes

 

Commands:

  create      Create a volume

  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more volumes

  ls          List volumes

  prune       Remove all unused local volumes

  rm          Remove one or more volumes

 

Run 'docker volume COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

 

 

 

匿名掛載

[root@docker data]# docker run -d -P --name nginx02 -v /etc/nginx nginx


2a51a0e9b09a4358d94784ba13ba6176d14e57672affee96c2f517930a1b351f

 

[root@docker data]# docker volume ls

DRIVER              VOLUME NAME

local               9666e6bffa6452578375314c5e7be127d7819661019c2ad45338ac2be5f0155e

 

 

具名掛載

[root@docker data]# docker run -d -P --name nginx01 -v xiaoming-nginx:/etc/nginx nginx

050eb7bf1fe98d95056e3892a3fdba21e86a277f041ce150cd5fac74205c363c

 

[root@docker data]# docker volume ls

DRIVER              VOLUME NAME

local               xiaoming-nginx

 

docker volume inspect volumename

 ``` 真實位置 [root@docker data]# docker volume inspect xiaoming-nginx [     {         "CreatedAt": "2020-11-21T21:07:10-05:00",         "Driver": "local",         "Labels": null,         "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/xiaoming-nginx/_data",         "Name": "xiaoming-nginx",         "Options": null,         "Scope": "local"     } ]   查看容器元數據 docker inspect 容器ID   全部docker容器內的卷，沒有指定目錄的狀況下都是在/var/lib/docker/volumes/xxx/_data   經過具名掛載，能夠方便找到卷 [root@docker ~]# mkdir ./docker-test-file [root@docker ~]# cd docker-test-file/ [root@docker docker-test-file]# vim dockerfile01   FROM centos   VOLUME ["volume01","volume02"]   CMD echo "---HHHHHHHHHHAAAAAAAHHHHHHHHH---"   CMD /bin/bash         [root@docker docker-test-file]# docker build -t caq/centos:1.0 -f ./dockerfile01 ./ Sending build context to Docker daemon  2.048kB Step 1/4 : FROM centos  ---> 0d120b6ccaa8 Step 2/4 : VOLUME ["volume01","volume02"]  ---> Running in a73113d7e8a3 Removing intermediate container a73113d7e8a3  ---> c711b3f50a7d Step 3/4 : CMD echo "---HHHHHHHHHHAAAAAAAHHHHHHHHH---"  ---> Running in 1fb3a0ddd9e4 Removing intermediate container 1fb3a0ddd9e4  ---> 3af9104bbb1a Step 4/4 : CMD /bin/bash  ---> Running in 2e403b7bdf30 Removing intermediate container 2e403b7bdf30  ---> d31239b293f0 Successfully built d31239b293f0 Successfully tagged caq/centos:1.0     [root@docker docker-test-file]# docker images REPOSITORY                      TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED              SIZE caq/centos                      1.0                 d31239b293f0        About a minute ago   215MB     進入容器會發現建造dockerfiles時掛載的卷，這種掛載屬於匿名掛載   ![]()       ![]()     測試卷同步 [root@docker docker-test-file]# docker run -it d31239b293f0 [root@76da58168b21 /]# ls bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var  volume01        volume02 [root@76da58168b21 /]# cd volume01 [root@76da58168b21 volume01]# mkdir 11.22     若是不指定宿主機文件，那麼docker會自動分配給宿主機一個位置，經過docker inspect 容器id 可查看到 [root@docker volumes]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/3a29756c59c1f5755802283e024f1fec3fa32ed1f3986f663c0326df48950380/_data [root@docker _data]# ls 11.22   實現容器間卷同步 [root@docker ]# docker run -it --name docker01 caq/centos:1.0 /bin/bash   [root@docker _data]# docker run -it --name docker02 --volumes-from docker01 caq/centos:1.0 [root@docker _data]# docker exec -it docker01 /bin/bash [root@b2bf96149e27 /]# cd volume01 [root@b2bf96149e27 volume01]# ls docker01     [root@docker _data]# docker exec -it docker02 /bin/bash [root@5a79420489d3 /]# cd volume01 [root@5a79420489d3 volume01]# ls docker01 複製代碼