okhttp3 攔截器源碼分析

時間  2021-08-13
標籤 web 緩存 服務器 markdown cookie 網絡 app socket ide 函數 欄目 HTML 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

你們好，我係蒼王。web

如下是我這個系列的相關文章，有興趣能夠參考一下，能夠給個喜歡或者關注個人文章。緩存

[Android]如何作一個崩潰率少於千分之三噶應用app--章節列表
[Android]你不知道的Android進程化--進程信息服務器

今天給你們分析一下OKhttp3攔截器的調度源碼。markdown

先來看看攔截器總流程圖cookie


攔截器流程.png
攔截器流程.png


下面是簡單的一個okhttp3的get請求的例子。網絡

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();        
Request request = new Request.Builder()
  .url("http://www.baidu.com")
  .build();

client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
  @Override
  public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
    Log.d("OkHttp", "Call Failed:" + e.getMessage());
  }

  @Override
  public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
    Log.d("OkHttp", "Call succeeded:" + response.message());
  }
});
複製代碼

（1）建立OkHttpClient的時候會初始化很是多的東西，分發器、協議、代理、攔截器、cookie、緩存、socket工廠等等一系列的東西
（2）Request是使用了建造者模式來設置一些請求參數,包括請求形式get/put、請求地址等
（3）OkHttpClient.newCall會調用RealCall.newRealCallapp

/**
   * Prepares the {@code request} to be executed at some point in the future.
   */
  @Override public Call newCall(Request request) {
    return RealCall.newRealCall(this, request, false /* for web socket */);
  }
複製代碼

（4）OKHttpClient裏面dipatcher會調用enqueuesocket

@Override public void enqueue(Callback responseCallback) {
    synchronized (this) {
      if (executed) throw new IllegalStateException("Already Executed");
      executed = true;
    }
    captureCallStackTrace();
    eventListener.callStart(this);
    client.dispatcher().enqueue(new AsyncCall(responseCallback));
  }

複製代碼

（5）Dispatcher會調用excute AsyncCallide

synchronized void enqueue(AsyncCall call) {
    if (runningAsyncCalls.size() < maxRequests && runningCallsForHost(call) < maxRequestsPerHost) {
      runningAsyncCalls.add(call);
      executorService().execute(call);
    } else {
      readyAsyncCalls.add(call);
    }
  }
複製代碼

（6）AsyncCall繼承於Runnable，其主要調用在excute函數中
能夠看到其主要是使用getResponseWithInterceptorChain()開始調用攔截鏈的函數

@Override protected void execute() {
      boolean signalledCallback = false;
      try {
        Response response = getResponseWithInterceptorChain();
        if (retryAndFollowUpInterceptor.isCanceled()) {
          signalledCallback = true;
          responseCallback.onFailure(RealCall.this, new IOException("Canceled"));
        } else {
          signalledCallback = true;
          responseCallback.onResponse(RealCall.this, response);
        }
      } catch (IOException e) {
        if (signalledCallback) {
          // Do not signal the callback twice!
          Platform.get().log(INFO, "Callback failure for " + toLoggableString(), e);
        } else {
          eventListener.callFailed(RealCall.this, e);
          responseCallback.onFailure(RealCall.this, e);
        }
      } finally {
        client.dispatcher().finished(this);
      }
    }
複製代碼

（7）攔截鏈包含多個不一樣的攔截器，構建一個ReaInterceptorChain，調用proceed執行鏈。

Response getResponseWithInterceptorChain() throws IOException {
    // Build a full stack of interceptors.
    List<Interceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>();
    interceptors.addAll(client.interceptors());
    interceptors.add(retryAndFollowUpInterceptor);  //重試重定向攔截器
    interceptors.add(new BridgeInterceptor(client.cookieJar()));  //內容橋接攔截
    interceptors.add(new CacheInterceptor(client.internalCache()));  //緩存攔截器
    interceptors.add(new ConnectInterceptor(client));      //鏈接攔截器
    if (!forWebSocket) {
      interceptors.addAll(client.networkInterceptors());     
    }
    interceptors.add(new CallServerInterceptor(forWebSocket));  //像服務器發送真正的訪問

    Interceptor.Chain chain = new RealInterceptorChain(interceptors, null, null, null, 0,
        originalRequest, this, eventListener, client.connectTimeoutMillis(),
        client.readTimeoutMillis(), client.writeTimeoutMillis());

    return chain.proceed(originalRequest);
  }
複製代碼

（8）這裏會經過interceptor.intercept調用下一個調用鏈對象

public Response proceed(Request request, StreamAllocation streamAllocation, HttpCodec httpCodec,
      RealConnection connection) throws IOException {
   ....
    // Call the next interceptor in the chain.
    RealInterceptorChain next = new RealInterceptorChain(interceptors, streamAllocation, httpCodec,
        connection, index + 1, request, call, eventListener, connectTimeout, readTimeout,
        writeTimeout);
    Interceptor interceptor = interceptors.get(index);
    Response response = interceptor.intercept(next);

  ....

    return response;
  }
複製代碼

（9）這裏RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor攔截器，
重要功能在於
在網絡請求失敗後進行重試；
當服務器返回當前請求須要進行重定向時直接發起新的請求，並在條件容許狀況下複用當前鏈接；

@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
    Request request = chain.request();
    RealInterceptorChain realChain = (RealInterceptorChain) chain;
    Call call = realChain.call();
    EventListener eventListener = realChain.eventListener();
    //建立流分配
    streamAllocation = new StreamAllocation(client.connectionPool(), createAddress(request.url()),
        call, eventListener, callStackTrace);

    int followUpCount = 0;
    Response priorResponse = null;
    while (true) {
      if (canceled) {
        streamAllocation.release();
        throw new IOException("Canceled");
      }

      Response response;
      boolean releaseConnection = true;
      try {
        response = realChain.proceed(request, streamAllocation, null, null); //獲取下一個攔截器的響應
        releaseConnection = false;
      } catch (RouteException e) {
        // The attempt to connect via a route failed. The request will not have been sent.
        //通道失敗，不會發送請求
        if (!recover(e.getLastConnectException(), false, request)) {
          throw e.getLastConnectException();
        }
        releaseConnection = false;
        continue;
      } catch (IOException e) {
        // An attempt to communicate with a server failed. The request may have been sent.
        boolean requestSendStarted = !(e instanceof ConnectionShutdownException);
        if (!recover(e, requestSendStarted, request)) throw e;
        releaseConnection = false;
        continue;
      } finally {
        // We're throwing an unchecked exception. Release any resources. if (releaseConnection) { streamAllocation.streamFailed(null); streamAllocation.release(); } } // Attach the prior response if it exists. Such responses never have a body. if (priorResponse != null) { response = response.newBuilder() .priorResponse(priorResponse.newBuilder() .body(null) .build()) .build(); } Request followUp = followUpRequest(response); //重定向和重試請求 if (followUp == null) { if (!forWebSocket) { streamAllocation.release(); } return response; } closeQuietly(response.body()); if (++followUpCount > MAX_FOLLOW_UPS) { streamAllocation.release(); throw new ProtocolException("Too many follow-up requests: " + followUpCount); } if (followUp.body() instanceof UnrepeatableRequestBody) { streamAllocation.release(); throw new HttpRetryException("Cannot retry streamed HTTP body", response.code()); } if (!sameConnection(response, followUp.url())) { streamAllocation.release(); streamAllocation = new StreamAllocation(client.connectionPool(), createAddress(followUp.url()), call, eventListener, callStackTrace); } else if (streamAllocation.codec() != null) { throw new IllegalStateException("Closing the body of " + response + " didn't close its backing stream. Bad interceptor?"); } request = followUp; priorResponse = response; } } 複製代碼

關鍵在於response = realChain.proceed(request, streamAllocation, null, null)調用下一個攔截器
（10）BridgeInterceptor主要做用
設置內容長度，內容編碼
設置gzip壓縮，並在接收到內容後進行解壓。省去了應用層處理數據解壓的麻煩
添加cookie
設置其餘報頭，如User-Agent,Host,Keep-alive等。其中Keep-Alive是實現多路複用的必要步驟

@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
    Request userRequest = chain.request();
    Request.Builder requestBuilder = userRequest.newBuilder();

    RequestBody body = userRequest.body();
    //構建報頭Header內容
    if (body != null) {
      MediaType contentType = body.contentType();
      if (contentType != null) {
        requestBuilder.header("Content-Type", contentType.toString());
      }

      long contentLength = body.contentLength();
      if (contentLength != -1) {
        requestBuilder.header("Content-Length", Long.toString(contentLength));
        requestBuilder.removeHeader("Transfer-Encoding");
      } else {
        requestBuilder.header("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked");
        requestBuilder.removeHeader("Content-Length");
      }
    }

    if (userRequest.header("Host") == null) {
      requestBuilder.header("Host", hostHeader(userRequest.url(), false));
    }

    if (userRequest.header("Connection") == null) {
      requestBuilder.header("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
    }

    // If we add an "Accept-Encoding: gzip" header field we're responsible for also decompressing // the transfer stream. boolean transparentGzip = false; if (userRequest.header("Accept-Encoding") == null && userRequest.header("Range") == null) { transparentGzip = true; requestBuilder.header("Accept-Encoding", "gzip"); } //構建Cookie內容 List<Cookie> cookies = cookieJar.loadForRequest(userRequest.url()); if (!cookies.isEmpty()) { requestBuilder.header("Cookie", cookieHeader(cookies)); } if (userRequest.header("User-Agent") == null) { requestBuilder.header("User-Agent", Version.userAgent()); } Response networkResponse = chain.proceed(requestBuilder.build()); //交託給下一個攔截器 HttpHeaders.receiveHeaders(cookieJar, userRequest.url(), networkResponse.headers()); Response.Builder responseBuilder = networkResponse.newBuilder() .request(userRequest); //gzip壓縮內容 if (transparentGzip && "gzip".equalsIgnoreCase(networkResponse.header("Content-Encoding")) && HttpHeaders.hasBody(networkResponse)) { GzipSource responseBody = new GzipSource(networkResponse.body().source()); Headers strippedHeaders = networkResponse.headers().newBuilder() .removeAll("Content-Encoding") .removeAll("Content-Length") .build(); responseBuilder.headers(strippedHeaders); String contentType = networkResponse.header("Content-Type"); responseBuilder.body(new RealResponseBody(contentType, -1L, Okio.buffer(responseBody))); } return responseBuilder.build(); } 複製代碼

（11）CacheInterceptor負責緩存管理
當網絡請求有符合要求的Cache時直接返回Cache
當服務器返回內容有改變時更新當前cache
若是當前cache失效，刪除。

@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
    Response cacheCandidate = cache != null
        ? cache.get(chain.request())
        : null;

    long now = System.currentTimeMillis();

    CacheStrategy strategy = new CacheStrategy.Factory(now, chain.request(), cacheCandidate).get();
    Request networkRequest = strategy.networkRequest;
    Response cacheResponse = strategy.cacheResponse;

    if (cache != null) {
      cache.trackResponse(strategy);
    }

    if (cacheCandidate != null && cacheResponse == null) {
      closeQuietly(cacheCandidate.body()); // The cache candidate wasn't applicable. Close it. } // If we're forbidden from using the network and the cache is insufficient, fail.
    if (networkRequest == null && cacheResponse == null) {
      return new Response.Builder()
          .request(chain.request())
          .protocol(Protocol.HTTP_1_1)
          .code(504)
          .message("Unsatisfiable Request (only-if-cached)")
          .body(Util.EMPTY_RESPONSE)
          .sentRequestAtMillis(-1L)
          .receivedResponseAtMillis(System.currentTimeMillis())
          .build();
    }

    // If we don't need the network, we're done.
    if (networkRequest == null) {
      return cacheResponse.newBuilder()
          .cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse))
          .build();
    }

    Response networkResponse = null;
    try {
      networkResponse = chain.proceed(networkRequest);
    } finally {
      // If we're crashing on I/O or otherwise, don't leak the cache body.
      if (networkResponse == null && cacheCandidate != null) {
        closeQuietly(cacheCandidate.body());
      }
    }

    // If we have a cache response too, then we're doing a conditional get. //返回緩存的內容 if (cacheResponse != null) { if (networkResponse.code() == HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED) { Response response = cacheResponse.newBuilder() .headers(combine(cacheResponse.headers(), networkResponse.headers())) .sentRequestAtMillis(networkResponse.sentRequestAtMillis()) .receivedResponseAtMillis(networkResponse.receivedResponseAtMillis()) .cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse)) .networkResponse(stripBody(networkResponse)) .build(); networkResponse.body().close(); // Update the cache after combining headers but before stripping the // Content-Encoding header (as performed by initContentStream()). //若是Header的內容更改，就更新緩存 cache.trackConditionalCacheHit(); cache.update(cacheResponse, response); return response; } else { closeQuietly(cacheResponse.body()); } } Response response = networkResponse.newBuilder() .cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse)) .networkResponse(stripBody(networkResponse)) .build(); if (cache != null) { if (HttpHeaders.hasBody(response) && CacheStrategy.isCacheable(response, networkRequest)) { // Offer this request to the cache. CacheRequest cacheRequest = cache.put(response); return cacheWritingResponse(cacheRequest, response); } if (HttpMethod.invalidatesCache(networkRequest.method())) { try { cache.remove(networkRequest); } catch (IOException ignored) { // The cache cannot be written. } } } return response; } 複製代碼

（12）ConnectInterceptor配置鏈接RealConnection

@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
    RealInterceptorChain realChain = (RealInterceptorChain) chain;
    Request request = realChain.request();
    StreamAllocation streamAllocation = realChain.streamAllocation();

    // We need the network to satisfy this request. Possibly for validating a conditional GET.
    boolean doExtensiveHealthChecks = !request.method().equals("GET");
    HttpCodec httpCodec = streamAllocation.newStream(client, chain, doExtensiveHealthChecks);
    RealConnection connection = streamAllocation.connection();  //找到合適的鏈接，返回鏈接池負責鏈接

    return realChain.proceed(request, streamAllocation, httpCodec, connection);
  }
複製代碼

（13）CallServerInterceptor調用鏈接服務器請求

@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
    RealInterceptorChain realChain = (RealInterceptorChain) chain;
    HttpCodec httpCodec = realChain.httpStream();
    StreamAllocation streamAllocation = realChain.streamAllocation();
    RealConnection connection = (RealConnection) realChain.connection();
    Request request = realChain.request();

    long sentRequestMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();

    realChain.eventListener().requestHeadersStart(realChain.call());  //響應請求頭開始的回調
    httpCodec.writeRequestHeaders(request);      //寫入請求頭到請求中
    realChain.eventListener().requestHeadersEnd(realChain.call(), request);  //響應請求頭結束的回調

    Response.Builder responseBuilder = null;
    if (HttpMethod.permitsRequestBody(request.method()) && request.body() != null) {
      // If there's a "Expect: 100-continue" header on the request, wait for a "HTTP/1.1 100 // Continue" response before transmitting the request body. If we don't get that, return
      // what we did get (such as a 4xx response) without ever transmitting the request body.
      if ("100-continue".equalsIgnoreCase(request.header("Expect"))) {
        httpCodec.flushRequest();
        realChain.eventListener().responseHeadersStart(realChain.call());
        responseBuilder = httpCodec.readResponseHeaders(true);
      }

      if (responseBuilder == null) {
        // Write the request body if the "Expect: 100-continue" expectation was met.
        realChain.eventListener().requestBodyStart(realChain.call());
        long contentLength = request.body().contentLength();
        CountingSink requestBodyOut =
            new CountingSink(httpCodec.createRequestBody(request, contentLength));
        BufferedSink bufferedRequestBody = Okio.buffer(requestBodyOut);  //構建請求數據流

        request.body().writeTo(bufferedRequestBody);  //請求寫到數據流
        bufferedRequestBody.close(); 
        realChain.eventListener()
            .requestBodyEnd(realChain.call(), requestBodyOut.successfulCount);  //調用請求結束
      } else if (!connection.isMultiplexed()) {
        // If the "Expect: 100-continue" expectation wasn't met, prevent the HTTP/1 connection // from being reused. Otherwise we're still obligated to transmit the request body to
        // leave the connection in a consistent state.
        streamAllocation.noNewStreams();
      }
    }

    httpCodec.finishRequest();

    if (responseBuilder == null) {
      realChain.eventListener().responseHeadersStart(realChain.call());  //讀取響應頭
      responseBuilder = httpCodec.readResponseHeaders(false);
    }

    Response response = responseBuilder             //讀取響應消息
        .request(request)
        .handshake(streamAllocation.connection().handshake())
        .sentRequestAtMillis(sentRequestMillis)
        .receivedResponseAtMillis(System.currentTimeMillis())
        .build();

    realChain.eventListener()
        .responseHeadersEnd(realChain.call(), response);        //調用響應頭回調

    int code = response.code();
    if (forWebSocket && code == 101) {
      // Connection is upgrading, but we need to ensure interceptors see a non-null response body.
      response = response.newBuilder()
          .body(Util.EMPTY_RESPONSE)
          .build();
    } else {
      response = response.newBuilder()
          .body(httpCodec.openResponseBody(response))
          .build();
    }

    if ("close".equalsIgnoreCase(response.request().header("Connection"))
        || "close".equalsIgnoreCase(response.header("Connection"))) {
      streamAllocation.noNewStreams();
    }

    if ((code == 204 || code == 205) && response.body().contentLength() > 0) {
      throw new ProtocolException(
          "HTTP " + code + " had non-zero Content-Length: " + response.body().contentLength());
    }
    return response;
}
複製代碼

（14）添加攔截器。okhttp3中攔截器自定義攔截類型有兩種，一種是應用攔截器，一種是網絡攔截器。兩種攔截器都須要繼承Interceptor。

Application Interceptors應用攔截器

*不須要擔憂中間過程的響應,如重定向和重試.
*老是隻調用一次,即便HTTP響應是從緩存中獲取.
*觀察應用程序的初衷. 不關心OkHttp注入的頭信息如: If-None-Match.
*容許短路而不調用 Chain.proceed(),即停止調用.
*容許重試,使 Chain.proceed()調用屢次
經過addInterceptor函數添加

Network Interceptors網絡攔截器

*可以對中間的響應進行操做好比重定向和重試。
*當發生網絡短路時，不調用緩存的響應結果。
*監控數據，就像數據再網絡上傳輸同樣。
*訪問承載請求的鏈接Connection。
經過addNetworkInterceptor函數添加

查看一下RealCall中的攔截器排序

Response getResponseWithInterceptorChain() throws IOException {
    // Build a full stack of interceptors.
    List<Interceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>();
    interceptors.addAll(client.interceptors());  //自定義的應用攔截器，是一開始添加的因此能夠截斷請求和一些初始化攔截
    interceptors.add(retryAndFollowUpInterceptor);
    interceptors.add(new BridgeInterceptor(client.cookieJar()));
    interceptors.add(new CacheInterceptor(client.internalCache()));
    interceptors.add(new ConnectInterceptor(client));
    if (!forWebSocket) {
      interceptors.addAll(client.networkInterceptors());  //自定義網絡攔截器，在真正請求前調用，能夠攔截改變一切默認的參數。
    }
    interceptors.add(new CallServerInterceptor(forWebSocket));  //真正請求的攔截器

    Interceptor.Chain chain = new RealInterceptorChain(interceptors, null, null, null, 0,
        originalRequest, this, eventListener, client.connectTimeoutMillis(),
        client.readTimeoutMillis(), client.writeTimeoutMillis());

    return chain.proceed(originalRequest);
  }
複製代碼

攔截器的源碼就分析到這裏了。

相關文章
相關標籤/搜索
每日一句
    每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。
本站公眾號
   歡迎關注本站公眾號,獲取更多信息
聯繫我們 最近搜索 最新文章 沪ICP备13005482号-10 MyBatis教程 SQL 教程 MySQL教程 Java 教程 Thymeleaf 教程 Hibernate教程 Spring教程 Redis教程