CentOS7安裝Hadoop2.7完整流程

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整體思路,準備主從服務器,配置主服務器能夠無密碼SSH登陸從服務器,解壓安裝JDK,解壓安裝Hadoop,配置hdfs、mapreduce等主從關係。

一、環境,3臺CentOS7,64位,Hadoop2.7須要64位Linux,CentOS7 Minimal的ISO文件只有600M,操做系統十幾分鍾就能夠安裝完成,
Master 192.168.0.182
Slave1 192.168.0.183
Slave2 192.168.0.184


二、SSH免密碼登陸,由於Hadoop須要經過SSH登陸到各個節點進行操做,我用的是root用戶,每臺服務器都生成公鑰,再合併到authorized_keys
(1)CentOS默認沒有啓動ssh無密登陸,去掉/etc/ssh/sshd_config其中2行的註釋,每臺服務器都要設置,
#RSAAuthentication yes
#PubkeyAuthentication yes
(2)輸入命令,ssh-keygen -t rsa,生成key,都不輸入密碼,一直回車,/root就會生成.ssh文件夾,每臺服務器都要設置,
(3)合併公鑰到authorized_keys文件,在Master服務器,進入/root/.ssh目錄,經過SSH命令合併,
cat id_rsa.pub>> authorized_keys
ssh root@192.168.0.183 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub>> authorized_keys
ssh root@192.168.0.184 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub>> authorized_keys
(4)把Master服務器的authorized_keys、known_hosts複製到Slave服務器的/root/.ssh目錄
(5)完成,ssh root@192.168.0.18三、ssh root@192.168.0.184就不須要輸入密碼了


三、安裝JDK,Hadoop2.7須要JDK7,因爲個人CentOS是最小化安裝,因此沒有OpenJDK,直接解壓下載的JDK並配置變量便可
(1)下載「jdk-7u79-linux-x64.gz」,放到/home/java目錄下
(2)解壓,輸入命令,tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.gz
(3)編輯/etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/home/java/jdk1.7.0_79
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin 
(4)使配置生效,輸入命令,source /etc/profile
(5)輸入命令,java -version,完成


四、安裝Hadoop2.7,只在Master服務器解壓,再複製到Slave服務器
(1)下載「hadoop-2.7.0.tar.gz」,放到/home/hadoop目錄下
(2)解壓,輸入命令,tar -xzvf hadoop-2.7.0.tar.gz
(3)在/home/hadoop目錄下建立數據存放的文件夾,tmp、dfs、dfs/data、dfs/name


五、配置/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.0/etc/hadoop目錄下的core-site.xml
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://192.168.0.182:9000</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>file:/home/hadoop/tmp</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
        <value>131702</value>
    </property>
</configuration>


六、配置/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.0/etc/hadoop目錄下的hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>file:/home/hadoop/dfs/name</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>file:/home/hadoop/dfs/data</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>2</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
        <value>192.168.0.182:9001</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
    <value>true</value>
    </property>
</configuration>


七、配置/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.0/etc/hadoop目錄下的mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
        <value>192.168.0.182:10020</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
        <value>192.168.0.182:19888</value>
    </property>
</configuration>


八、配置/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.0/etc/hadoop目錄下的yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.auxservices.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
        <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
        <value>192.168.0.182:8032</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
        <value>192.168.0.182:8030</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
        <value>192.168.0.182:8031</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
        <value>192.168.0.182:8033</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
        <value>192.168.0.182:8088</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name>
        <value>768</value>
    </property>
</configuration>


九、配置/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.0/etc/hadoop目錄下hadoop-env.sh、yarn-env.sh的JAVA_HOME,不設置的話,啓動不了,
export JAVA_HOME=/home/java/jdk1.7.0_79




十、配置/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.0/etc/hadoop目錄下的slaves,刪除默認的localhost,增長2個從節點,
192.168.0.183
192.168.0.184


十一、將配置好的Hadoop複製到各個節點對應位置上,經過scp傳送,
scp -r /home/hadoop 192.168.0.183:/home/
scp -r /home/hadoop 192.168.0.184:/home/


十二、在Master服務器啓動hadoop,從節點會自動啓動,進入/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.0目錄
(1)初始化,輸入命令,bin/hdfs namenode -format
(2)所有啓動sbin/start-all.sh,也能夠分開sbin/start-dfs.sh、sbin/start-yarn.sh
(3)中止的話,輸入命令,sbin/stop-all.sh
(4)輸入命令,jps,能夠看到相關信息


1三、Web訪問,要先開放端口或者直接關閉防火牆
(1)輸入命令,systemctl stop firewalld.service
(2)瀏覽器打開http://192.168.0.182:8088/
(3)瀏覽器打開http://192.168.0.182:50070/


1四、安裝完成。這只是大數據應用的開始,以後的工做就是,結合本身的狀況,編寫程序調用Hadoop的接口,發揮hdfs、mapreduce的做用。java


15 hadoop啓動腳本node

#####linux

#!/bin/bashweb

#express

# hadoop - this script starts and stops the hadoop-server daemonapache

#瀏覽器

# chkconfig:   - 80 12bash

# description:  hadoop is a persistent key-value database服務器

# processname: hadoop

# config:      /usr/local/hadoop/etc

# pidfile:     

source /etc/init.d/functions



RETVAL=0

start() {

        /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/start-all.sh

}

stop() {

        /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/stop-all.sh 

}

restart() {

    stop

    start

}

case "$1" in

  start)

        start

        ;;

  stop)

        stop

        ;;

  restart)

        restart

        ;;

  status)

        status $prog

        RETVAL=$?

        ;;

   *)

        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status}"

        RETVAL=1

esac

exit $RETVAL


#####


測試:

1 建立目錄

hdfs dfs -mkdir /user
hdfs dfs -mkdir /user/bobo

2 上傳文件

hdfs dfs -put ab.txt /user/bobo

3 查看目錄列表

hdfs dfs -ls /user

4 下載文件

hdfs dfs -get /user/bobo/ab.txt ab.txt

5 刪除文件

hdfs dfs -rm  /user/bobo/ab.txt ab.txt

6 刪除目錄

hdfs dfs -rmrf  /user



hdfs dfs 

Usage: hadoop fs [generic options]

        [-appendToFile <localsrc> ... <dst>]

        [-cat [-ignoreCrc] <src> ...]

        [-checksum <src> ...]

        [-chgrp [-R] GROUP PATH...]

        [-chmod [-R] <MODE[,MODE]... | OCTALMODE> PATH...]

        [-chown [-R] [OWNER][:[GROUP]] PATH...]

        [-copyFromLocal [-f] [-p] [-l] <localsrc> ... <dst>]

        [-copyToLocal [-p] [-ignoreCrc] [-crc] <src> ... <localdst>]

        [-count [-q] [-h] <path> ...]

        [-cp [-f] [-p | -p[topax]] <src> ... <dst>]

        [-createSnapshot <snapshotDir> [<snapshotName>]]

        [-deleteSnapshot <snapshotDir> <snapshotName>]

        [-df [-h] [<path> ...]]

        [-du [-s] [-h] <path> ...]

        [-expunge]

        [-find <path> ... <expression> ...]

        [-get [-p] [-ignoreCrc] [-crc] <src> ... <localdst>]

        [-getfacl [-R] <path>]

        [-getfattr [-R] {-n name | -d} [-e en] <path>]

        [-getmerge [-nl] <src> <localdst>]

        [-help [cmd ...]]

        [-ls [-d] [-h] [-R] [<path> ...]]

        [-mkdir [-p] <path> ...]

        [-moveFromLocal <localsrc> ... <dst>]

        [-moveToLocal <src> <localdst>]

        [-mv <src> ... <dst>]

        [-put [-f] [-p] [-l] <localsrc> ... <dst>]

        [-renameSnapshot <snapshotDir> <oldName> <newName>]

        [-rm [-f] [-r|-R] [-skipTrash] <src> ...]

        [-rmdir [--ignore-fail-on-non-empty] <dir> ...]

        [-setfacl [-R] [{-b|-k} {-m|-x <acl_spec>} <path>]|[--set <acl_spec> <path>]]

        [-setfattr {-n name [-v value] | -x name} <path>]

        [-setrep [-R] [-w] <rep> <path> ...]

        [-stat [format] <path> ...]

        [-tail [-f] <file>]

        [-test -[defsz] <path>]

        [-text [-ignoreCrc] <src> ...]

        [-touchz <path> ...]

        [-truncate [-w] <length> <path> ...]

        [-usage [cmd ...]]


Generic options supported are

-conf <configuration file>     specify an application configuration file

-D <property=value>            use value for given property

-fs <local|namenode:port>      specify a namenode

-jt <local|resourcemanager:port>    specify a ResourceManager

-files <comma separated list of files>    specify comma separated files to be copied to the map reduce cluster

-libjars <comma separated list of jars>    specify comma separated jar files to include in the classpath.

-archives <comma separated list of archives>    specify comma separated archives to be unarchived on the compute machines.

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