Centos 7.5 docker ( 一 ) 安裝

時間 2020-01-08

原文原文鏈接

系統環境

阿里雲ECS
# uname -r
4.4.162-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64

# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)

# rpm -qa |grep kernel
kernel-lt-tools-libs-4.4.162-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
kernel-lt-4.4.162-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
kernel-lt-headers-4.4.162-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
kernel-lt-devel-4.4.162-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
kernel-lt-tools-4.4.162-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64

安裝Docker ce

官方文檔有詳細操做，能夠參考
https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos/

經過yum安裝

卸載舊版本(按需)

若是有舊版本docker,請使用如下指令卸載
# yum remove docker \
docker-client \
docker-client-latest \
docker-common \
docker-latest \
docker-latest-logrotate \
docker-logrotate \
docker-selinux \
docker-engine-selinux \
docker-engine

安裝依賴

# yum install yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

docker 版本說明

Docker CE有兩種版本：
edge        版本每個月發佈一次，主要面向那些喜歡嘗試新功能的用戶。
stable      版本每3個月發佈一次，維護期4個月。適用於但願更加容易維護的用戶（穩定版）。

edge版本    只能在當前月份得到安全和錯誤修復。
stable版    在初始發佈後4個月內接收關鍵錯誤修復和安全問題的修補程序。
Docker EE和stable版本的版本號保持一致。CE版並不是閹割版，而是改了個名稱；EE版則提供了一些收費的高級特性。

添加docker ce的yum源(按需選擇其一)

stable 版本
# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

edge 版本
若是須要edge版本的docker,在上一條指令成功後啓用下面一行命令
# yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-edge

方式一：直接安裝最新版本版本

# yum install docker-ce

方式二：安裝指定版本

列出版本
# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
 * elrepo: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.1.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.0.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.3.ce-1.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
Available Packages

語法 yum install docker-ce-<版本號>
示例：
# yum install docker-ce-17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos
# yum install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7

添加國內鏡像源

在國內下載比較快python

Docker 官方中國區
https://registry.docker-cn.com

網易
http://hub-mirror.c.163.com

中國科學技術大學
https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

阿里雲
https://dev.aliyun.com/
註冊登錄帳號後，左邊菜單選 > 鏡像加速器 > 獲取到如下累似地址(固然，你也能夠直接使用個人)
https://314lfirc.mirror.aliyuncs.com

最新版本的docker官方建議使用json格式修改linux

# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://314lfirc.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "live-restore": true,
  "default-shm-size": "128M",
  "max-concurrent-downloads": 10,
  "oom-score-adjust": -1000,
  "debug": false
}

啓動Docker與設置開機啓動docker

# systemctl start docker
# systemctl enable docker

驗證

方法一：

# docker version 
Client:
 Version:           18.06.1-ce
 API version:       1.38
 Go version:        go1.10.3
 Git commit:        e68fc7a
 Built:             Tue Aug 21 17:23:03 2018
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:          18.06.1-ce
  API version:      1.38 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.10.3
  Git commit:       e68fc7a
  Built:            Tue Aug 21 17:25:29 2018
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false

方法二：

# docker info

會出現相似下面的相關信息
#docker info
Containers: 0
 Running: 0
 Paused: 0
 Stopped: 0
Images: 0
Server Version: 18.06.1-ce
Storage Driver: overlay2
 Backing Filesystem: extfs
 Supports d_type: true
 Native Overlay Diff: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
 Volume: local
 Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
 Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: 468a545b9edcd5932818eb9de8e72413e616e86e
runc version: 69663f0bd4b60df09991c08812a60108003fa340
init version: fec3683
Security Options:
 seccomp
  Profile: default
Kernel Version: 4.4.162-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 1
Total Memory: 3.859GiB
Name: jumpserver01
ID: 7V2P:3XOE:7IZD:V5FH:5IME:WMQ6:CGJH:7A3Y:7SUM:RKPJ:27C6:34GY
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Labels:
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
 127.0.0.0/8
Registry Mirrors:
 https://314lfirc.mirror.aliyuncs.com/        > 這裏是添加的加速器
Live Restore Enabled: true

方法三：

經過運行hello-world 映像驗證是否已正確安裝，
# docker run hello-world

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

docker-compose 命令補全

1. 安裝docker-compose
# pip install docker-compose
# pip install --upgrade pip 這一行指令是升級pip版本的，按需。

2.找到對應當前compose版本號的命令補全
# docker-compose version
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/__init__.py:80: RequestsDependencyWarning: urllib3 (1.22) or chardet (2.2.1) doesn't match a supported version!
  RequestsDependencyWarning)
docker-compose version 1.23.1, build b02f130  此次安裝的版本號是1.23.1
docker-py version: 3.5.1
CPython version: 2.7.5
OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017

有留意到吧，查看  docker-compose 的version時報不兼容的問題
解決它：
# pip uninstall urllib3 chardet

Uninstalling chardet-3.0.4:
  Would remove:
    /usr/bin/chardetect
    /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/chardet-3.0.4.dist-info/*
    /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/chardet/*
  Would not remove (might be manually added):
    /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/chardet/chardetect.py
    /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/chardet/chardetect.pyo
    /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/chardet/constants.py
    /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/chardet/constants.pyo
Proceed (y/n)? y
  Successfully uninstalled chardet-3.0.4
Uninstalling urllib3-1.22:
  Would remove:
    /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3-1.22.dist-info/*
    /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/*
Proceed (y/n)? y
  Successfully uninstalled urllib3-1.22

從新安裝
# pip install requests
Successfully installed chardet-3.0.4 urllib3-1.22

再執行就沒問題了
# docker-compose version

docker-compose version 1.23.1, build b02f130
docker-py version: 3.5.1
CPython version: 2.7.5
OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017

3. 去https://github.com/docker/compose/
找到對應docker-compose版本的命令補全包

點開 Branch:master 邊上的小倒三角，選Tags ,點中你的版本號
進入如下目錄
compose/contrib/completion/這裏是你喜歡的shell類型/docker-compose
點開這個文件，對着Raw複製下載地址(不然不對)

下載到系統中,
wget -O/etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose \
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker/compose/1.23.1/contrib/completion/bash/docker-compose

生效當前shell
# exec bash

以非root用戶身份管理Docker

在安裝docker時，默認已經建立了docker用戶組，該docker組授予與root 用戶等效的權限。
# useradd -g docker docker
# passwd docker
設置這個普通用戶密碼

註銷並從新登陸，以便從新評估您的組成員身份。
若是在虛擬機上進行測試，則可能須要從新啓動虛擬機才能使更改生效。
$ docker run hello-world
此命令下載測試映像並在容器中運行它。當容器運行時，它會打印一條信息性消息並退出

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.