關於分佈式框架DUBBO的學習：服務註冊與消費（二）

時間 2019-12-07

原文原文鏈接

因爲DUBBO是一個高性能的RPC框架，用於進行遠程服務的註冊消費。以一個簡單案例，來闡述DUBBO框架具體應該如何使用。
一、進行DUBBO框架的安裝與部署，請參閱：https://segmentfault.com/a/11...
二、項目的依賴配置
由於使用的是Maven項目管理工具，因此要構建Maven的依賴配置。開發工具我這裏使用的是Ideal，固然也能夠使用Eclipse;
具體配置以下：web

<dependencies>
    <!--Spring框架的核心依賴包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--Apache Commons的通用工具包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--複雜對象的映射的工具包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.dozer</groupId>
            <artifactId>dozer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring mvc依賴包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--Dubbo工具包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.3</version>
            <!--<exclusions>-->
                <!--<exclusion>-->
                    <!--<groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>-->
                    <!--<artifactId>netty</artifactId>-->
                <!--</exclusion>-->
            <!--</exclusions>-->
        </dependency>
        <!--Zookeeper工具包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.12</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!--zookeeper客戶端的工具包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--curator框架包，主要是爲了讓Java更爲簡單方便的操做Zookeeper服務器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--日誌處理工具包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--Json處理工具包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--單元測試包->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

三、編寫服務開放註冊接口

四、編寫服務提供者spring

public class ProducerMain {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = null;
    try {
        ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-dubbo-provider.xml");
        ctx.start();
        System.in.read();
    }catch (Exception ex){
        System.out.println(ex.getCause().getMessage());
    }finally {
       if(ctx != null){
           ctx.close();
       }
    }
}
}

編輯配置文件：spring-dubbo-provider.xmlapache

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo 
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    <dubbo:application name="hello-world-app-provider"></dubbo:application>
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.237.131:2181?backup=192.168.237.131:2182,192.168.237.131:2183"/>
    <dubbo:monitor protocol="registry"/>
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20881"/>
    <dubbo:service interface="接口的包路徑.SayHello" ref="sayHelloImpl"/>
    <bean id="sayHelloImpl" class="服務提供者的包路徑.SayHelloImpl"/>
</beans>

五、編寫服務消費者segmentfault

配置spring-dubbo-consumer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    <dubbo:application name="hello-world-app-consumer"></dubbo:application>
    <!--<dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:2181"/>-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.237.131:2181?backup=192.168.237.131:2182,192.168.237.131:2183"/>
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20881"/>
    <dubbo:reference  id="sayHello" interface="cn.com.dlut.lgzs.dubbo.api.SayHello"/>
</beans>

六、服務的啓動與調試：
（1）服務提供者進行服務註冊：api

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = null;
        try {
            ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-dubbo-provider.xml");
            ctx.start();
            System.in.read();
        }catch (Exception ex){
            System.out.println(ex.getCause().getMessage());
        }finally {
           if(ctx != null){
               ctx.close();
           }
        }
    }

（2）服務消費者進行服務消費：服務器

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = null;
        try {
            ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-dubbo-consumer.xml");
            ctx.start();
            SayHello sayHello = (SayHello) ctx.getBean("sayHello");
            System.out.println(sayHello.sayHello("你好,我是消費者Jack,我將進行第一次消費！"));
            System.in.read();
        }catch (Exception ex){
            System.out.println(ex.getCause().getMessage());
        }finally {
            if(ctx != null) {
                ctx.close();
            }
        }
    }

注：因爲DUBBO服務使用依賴於Spring的容器框架，DUBBO的服務註冊與消費都必須創建在容器啓動之後，System.in.read();是爲了保證容器處於啓動狀態，這樣可以保證和註冊中心進行會話。mvc