這個抽象類是StringBuilder和StringBuffer的直接父類,實現了兩個接口分別是Appendable, CharSequencejava
CharSequence是一個字符序列的接口,主要提供了一下的方法c++
該接口規定了須要實現該字符序列的長度:length(); 能夠取得下標爲index的的字符:charAt(int index); 能夠獲得該字符序列的一個子字符序列: subSequence(int start, int end); 重寫了父類Object的toString():toString(); Appendable 定義添加的規則數組
append(CharSequence csq) throws IOException:如何添加一個字符序列 append(CharSequence csq, int start, int end) throws IOException:如何添加一個字符序列的一部分 append(char c) throws IOException:如何添加一個字符bash
char[] value; 記錄字符的空間 int count; char數組中 實際字符的數量app
默認構造方法AbstractStringBuilder()ide
AbstractStringBuilder(int capacity)ui
根據傳入的參數初始化char數組空間this
AbstractStringBuilder(int capacity) {
value = new char[capacity];
}
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length()spa
public int length() {
return count;
}
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capacity()code
public int capacity() {
return value.length;
}
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length()返回的是char數組中實際字符的個數
capacity返回的是數組的空間大小
ensureCapacity(int minimumCapacity)
public void ensureCapacity(int minimumCapacity) {
if (minimumCapacity > 0)
ensureCapacityInternal(minimumCapacity);
}
private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minimumCapacity) {
// overflow-conscious code
if (minimumCapacity - value.length > 0)//傳入的參數大於如今數組的空間則擴容
expandCapacity(minimumCapacity);
}
void expandCapacity(int minimumCapacity) {
int newCapacity = value.length * 2 + 2;//新空間爲(原來空間+1)*2
if (newCapacity - minimumCapacity < 0)//若心的空間比傳入的參數小,則新空間爲傳入的參數
newCapacity = minimumCapacity;
if (newCapacity < 0) {//若新空間小於0 // int越界後可能出現小於0的狀況
if (minimumCapacity < 0) // 傳入的參數也小於0 則拋出異常
throw new OutOfMemoryError();
newCapacity = Integer.MAX_VALUE;//將新的空間設置爲int的最大值
}
value = Arrays.copyOf(value, newCapacity);//拷貝數組
}
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setLength(int newLength)
public void setLength(int newLength) {
if (newLength < 0)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(newLength);
ensureCapacityInternal(newLength);
if (count < newLength) {
Arrays.fill(value, count, newLength, '\0');
}
count = newLength;
}
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這也是擴容方法,內部調用ensureCapacityInternal來實現擴容
以後將數組空的位置填充滿
trimToSize()
public void trimToSize() {
if (count < value.length) {
value = Arrays.copyOf(value, count);
}
}
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調用這個方法,若當前的字符的數量小於char數組空間大小 則縮容,發起拷貝數組。釋放多餘的空間
charAt(int index)
直接返回下標對應的字符,若超出範圍則拋出異常
substring(int start)/substring(int start, int end)/subSequence(int start,int end)
public String substring(int start) {
return substring(start, count);
}
public CharSequence subSequence(int start, int end) {
return substring(start, end);
}
public String substring(int start, int end) {
if (start < 0)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(start);
if (end > count)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(end);
if (start > end)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(end - start);
return new String(value, start, end - start);
}
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調用String的構造方法來實現截取子串。
setCharAt(int index,char ch)
public void setCharAt(int index, char ch) {
if ((index < 0) || (index >= count))
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
value[index] = ch;
}
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replace(int start, int end, String str)
用字符串str替換 start到end部分的字符 前閉後開[start,end)
public AbstractStringBuilder replace(int start, int end, String str) {
if (start < 0)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(start);
if (start > count)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException("start > length()");
if (start > end)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException("start > end");
if (end > count)//若傳入的參數最後的位置大於字符總數,修改end
end = count;
int len = str.length();
//todo 爲何要擴容
int newCount = count + len - (end - start);
ensureCapacityInternal(newCount);
// 拷貝數組 替換
System.arraycopy(value, end, value, start + len, count - end);
str.getChars(value, start);
count = newCount;
return this;
}
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該類提供的append()有不少
public AbstractStringBuilder append(Object obj) {
return append(String.valueOf(obj));
}
public AbstractStringBuilder append(String str) {
if (str == null)//若字符串爲空
return appendNull();//而是添加"null"進字符串數組中
int len = str.length();
ensureCapacityInternal(count + len);
str.getChars(0, len, value, count);
count += len;
return this;
}
private AbstractStringBuilder appendNull() {
int c = count;
ensureCapacityInternal(c + 4);
final char[] value = this.value;
value[c++] = 'n';
value[c++] = 'u';
value[c++] = 'l';
value[c++] = 'l';
count = c;
return this;
}
// Documentation in subclasses because of synchro difference
public AbstractStringBuilder append(StringBuffer sb) {
if (sb == null)
return appendNull();
int len = sb.length();
ensureCapacityInternal(count + len);
sb.getChars(0, len, value, count);
count += len;
return this;
}
/**
* @since 1.8
*/
AbstractStringBuilder append(AbstractStringBuilder asb) {
if (asb == null)
return appendNull();
int len = asb.length();
ensureCapacityInternal(count + len);
asb.getChars(0, len, value, count);
count += len;
return this;
}
// Documentation in subclasses because of synchro difference
@Override
public AbstractStringBuilder append(CharSequence s) {
if (s == null)
return appendNull();
if (s instanceof String)
return this.append((String)s);
if (s instanceof AbstractStringBuilder)
return this.append((AbstractStringBuilder)s);
return this.append(s, 0, s.length());
}
public AbstractStringBuilder append(char[] str) {
int len = str.length;
ensureCapacityInternal(count + len);
System.arraycopy(str, 0, value, count, len);
count += len;
return this;
}
public AbstractStringBuilder append(boolean b) {//添加的布爾將其轉換成對應的字符的表達
if (b) {
ensureCapacityInternal(count + 4);
value[count++] = 't';
value[count++] = 'r';
value[count++] = 'u';
value[count++] = 'e';
} else {
ensureCapacityInternal(count + 5);
value[count++] = 'f';
value[count++] = 'a';
value[count++] = 'l';
value[count++] = 's';
value[count++] = 'e';
}
return this;
}
public AbstractStringBuilder append(char c) {
ensureCapacityInternal(count + 1);
value[count++] = c;
return this;
}
// int long float double. 不一一列舉了
public AbstractStringBuilder append(int i) {
if (i == Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
append("-2147483648");
return this;
}
int appendedLength = (i < 0) ? Integer.stringSize(-i) + 1
: Integer.stringSize(i);
int spaceNeeded = count + appendedLength;
ensureCapacityInternal(spaceNeeded);
Integer.getChars(i, spaceNeeded, value);
count = spaceNeeded;
return this;
}
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除了參數類型不一樣 其餘都差很少,執行擴容並添加操做。直接連接到原value[]的實際count的後面
同時注意返回的都是AbstractStringBuilder,意味着append方法能夠連續無限調用,即AbstractStringBuilder對象.append(參數1).append(參數2).append(參數三)…………;
除了能夠在末尾追加字符串 還能夠在任意的位置進行插入字符串.
在value[]的下標爲index位置插入數組str的一部分,該部分的範圍爲:[offset,offset+len);
public AbstractStringBuilder insert(int index, char[] str, int offset,
int len)
{
if ((index < 0) || (index > length()))
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
if ((offset < 0) || (len < 0) || (offset > str.length - len))
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(
"offset " + offset + ", len " + len + ", str.length "
+ str.length);
ensureCapacityInternal(count + len);
System.arraycopy(value, index, value, index + len, count - index);
System.arraycopy(str, offset, value, index, len);
count += len;
return this;
}
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原理也都同樣,擴容,而後在指定的位置插入,也就是拷貝數組
還有的插入方法以下:
insert(int offset,Object obj) insert(int offset, String str) insert(int offset, char str[]) insert(int dstOffset, CharSequence s)/insert(int dstOffset, CharSequence s,int start, int end):插入字符序列 插入基本類型insert(int offset, boolean b) /insert(int offset, char c)/insert(int offset, int i)/insert(int offset, float f)/insert(int offset, double d)
delete(int start, int end):刪掉value數組的[start,end)部分,並將end後面的數據移到start位置
public AbstractStringBuilder delete(int start, int end) {
if (start < 0)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(start);
if (end > count)
end = count;
if (start > end)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException();
int len = end - start;
if (len > 0) {
System.arraycopy(value, start+len, value, start, count-end);
count -= len;
}
return this;
}
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deleteCharAt(int index):刪除下標爲index的數據,並將後面的數據前移一位
public AbstractStringBuilder deleteCharAt(int index) {
if ((index < 0) || (index >= count))
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
System.arraycopy(value, index+1, value, index, count-index-1);
count--;
return this;
}
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indexOf(String str):在value[]中找字符串str,若能找到,返回第一個字符串的第一個字符的下標
public int indexOf(String str) {
return indexOf(str, 0);
}
public int indexOf(String str, int fromIndex) {
return String.indexOf(value, 0, count, str, fromIndex);
}
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lastIndexOf(String str):從後往前找
public int lastIndexOf(String str) {
return lastIndexOf(str, count);
}
public int lastIndexOf(String str, int fromIndex) {
return String.lastIndexOf(value, 0, count, str, fromIndex);
}
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都是藉助了String中的查找的方法
reverse 將字符串首尾顛倒
public AbstractStringBuilder reverse() {
boolean hasSurrogates = false;
int n = count - 1;
for (int j = (n-1) >> 1; j >= 0; j--) {
int k = n - j;
char cj = value[j];
char ck = value[k];
value[j] = ck;
value[k] = cj;
if (Character.isSurrogate(cj) ||
Character.isSurrogate(ck)) {
hasSurrogates = true;
}
}
if (hasSurrogates) {
reverseAllValidSurrogatePairs();
}
return this;
}
private void reverseAllValidSurrogatePairs() {
for (int i = 0; i < count - 1; i++) {
char c2 = value[i];
if (Character.isLowSurrogate(c2)) {
char c1 = value[i + 1];
if (Character.isHighSurrogate(c1)) {
value[i++] = c1;
value[i] = c2;
}
}
}
}
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