Laravel Collection 實際使用

這篇筆記用來整理Collection 在Laravel 的實際應用場景。php

求和

需求:遍歷$orders 數組,求price 的和。
<?php
// 引入package
require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

$orders = [[
    'id'            =>      1,
    'user_id'       =>      1,
    'number'        =>      '13908080808',
    'status'        =>      0,
    'fee'           =>      10,
    'discount'      =>      44,
    'order_products'=> [
        ['order_id'=>1,'product_id'=>1,'param'=>'6寸','price'=>555.00,'product'=>['id'=>1,'name'=>'蛋糕名稱','images'=>[]]],
        ['order_id'=>1,'product_id'=>1,'param'=>'7寸','price'=>333.00,'product'=>['id'=>1,'name'=>'蛋糕名稱','images'=>[]]],
    ],
]];
  1. 使用傳統的foreach 方式進行遍歷:
$sum = 0;
foreach ($orders as $order) {
    foreach ($order['order_products'] as $item) {
        $sum += $item['price'];
    }
}
echo $sum;
  1. 使用集合的map、flatten、sum:
$sum = collect($orders)->map(function($order){
    return $order['order_products'];
})->flatten(1)->map(function($order){
    return $order['price'];
})->sum();

echo $sum;

map:遍歷集合,返回一個新的集合。
flatten:將多維數組轉換爲一維。
sum:返回數組的和。laravel

  1. 使用集合的flatMap、pluck、sum:
$sum = collect($orders)->flatMap(function($order){
    return $order['order_products'];
})->pluck('price')->sum();
echo $sum;

flatMap:和map 相似,不過區別在於flatMap 能夠直接使用返回的新集合。git

  1. 使用集合的flatMap、sum:
$sum = collect($orders)->flatMap(function($order){
    return $order['order_products'];
})->sum('price');

sum:能夠接收一個列名做爲參數進行求和。github

格式化數據

需求:將以下結構的數組,格式化成下面的新數組。
// 帶格式化數組
$gates = [
    'BaiYun_A_A17',
    'BeiJing_J7',
    'ShuangLiu_K203',
    'HongQiao_A157',
    'A2',
    'BaiYun_B_B230'
];

// 新數組
$boards = [
    'A17',
    'J7',
    'K203',
    'A157',
    'A2',
    'B230'
];
  1. 使用foreach 進行遍歷:
$res = [];
foreach($gates as $key => $gate) {
    if(strpos($gate, '_') === false) {
        $res[$key] = $gate;
    }else{
        $offset = strrpos($gate, '_') + 1;
        $res[$key] = mb_substr($gate , $offset);
    }
}
var_dump($res);
  1. 使用集合的map以及php 的explode、end:
$res = collect($gates)->map(function($gate) {
    $parts = explode('_', $gate);
    return end($parts);
});
  1. 使用集合的map、explode、last、toArray:
$res = collect($gates)->map(function($gate) {
    return collect(explode('_', $gate))->last();
})->toArray();

explode:將字符串進行分割成數組
last:獲取最後一個元素編程

統計GitHub Event

首先,經過此連接獲取到我的事件json。json

一個 PushEvent計 5 分,一個 CreateEvent 計 4 分,一個 IssueCommentEvent計 3 分,一個 IssueCommentEvent 計 2 分,除此以外的其它類型的事件計 1 分,計算當前用戶的時間得分總和。api

$opts = [
        'http' => [
                'method' => 'GET',
                'header' => [
                        'User-Agent: PHP'
                ]
        ]
];
$context = stream_context_create($opts);
$events = json_decode(file_get_contents('http://api.github.com/users/0xAiKang/events', false, $context), true);
  1. 傳統foreach 方式:
$eventTypes = []; // 事件類型
$score = 0; // 總得分
foreach ($events as $event) {
    $eventTypes[] = $event['type'];
}

foreach($eventTypes as $eventType) {
    switch ($eventType) {
        case 'PushEvent':
        $score += 5;
        break;
        case 'CreateEvent':
        $score += 4;
        break;
        case 'IssueEvent':
        $score += 3;
        break;
        case 'IssueCommentEvent':
        $score += 2;
        break;
        default:
        $score += 1;
        break;
    }
}
  1. 使用集合的map、pluck、sum 方法:
$score = $events->pluck('type')->map(function($eventType) {
   switch ($eventType) {
      case 'PushEvent':
      return 5;
      case 'CreateEvent':
      return 4;
      case 'IssueEvent':
      return 3;
      case 'IssueCommentEvent':
      return 2;
      default:
      return 1;
  }
})->sum();

使用集合的鏈式編程,能夠很好地解決上面那種屢次遍歷的問題。數組

  1. 使用集合中的map、pluck、get 方法:
$score = $events->pluck('type')->map(function($eventType) {
   return collect([
       'PushEvent'=> 5,
       'CreateEvent'=> 4,
       'IssueEvent'=> 3,
       'IssueCommentEvent'=> 2
   ])->get($eventType, 1); // 若是不存在則默認等於1
})->sum();
  1. 嘗試將該需求,封裝成一個類:
class GithubScore {
    private $events;

    private function __construct($events){
        $this->events = $events;
    }

    public static function score($events) {
        return (new static($events))->scoreEvents();
    }

    private function scoreEvents() {
        return $this->events->pluck('type')->map(function($eventType){
            return $this->lookupEventScore($eventType, 1);
        })->sum();
    }

    public function lookupEventScore($eventType, $default_value) {
       return collect([
           'PushEvent'=> 5,
           'CreateEvent'=> 4,
           'IssueEvent'=> 3,
           'IssueCommentEvent'=> 2
       ])->get($eventType, $default_value); // 若是不存在則默認等於1
    }
}

var_dump(GithubScore::score($events));

格式化數據

需求:將如下數據格式化成新的結構。
$messages = [
    'Should be working now for all Providers.',
    'If you see one where spaces are in the title let me know.',
    'But there should not have blank in the key of config or .env file.'
];

// 格式化以後的結果
- Should be working now for all Providers. \n
- If you see one where spaces are in the title let me know. \n
- But there should not have blank in the key of config or .env file.
  1. 傳統的foreach 方式:
$comment = '- ' . array_shift($messages);
foreach ($messages as $message) {
    $comment .= "\n -  ${message}";
}
var_dump($comment);
  1. 使用集合的map、implode方法:
$comment = collect($messages)->map(function($message){
    return '- ' . $message;
})->implode("\n");
var_dump($comment);

多個數組求差

需求:兩組數據分別表明去年的營收和今年的營收,求每月的盈虧狀況。
$lastYear = [
    6345.75,
    9839.45,
    7134.60,
    9479.50,
    9928.0,
    8652.00,
    7658.40,
    10245.40,
    7889.40,
    3892.40,
    3638.40,
    2339.40
];

$thisYear = [
    6145.75,
    6895.00,
    3434.00,
    9349350,
    9478.60,
    7652.80,
    4758.40,
    10945.40,
    3689.40,
    8992.40,
    7588.40,
    2239.40
];
  1. 傳統的foreach 方式:
$profit = [];
foreach($thisYear as $key => $monthly){
    $profit[$key] = $monthly - $lastYear[$key];
}
var_dump($profit);
  1. 使用集合的zip、first、last:
$profit = collect($thisYear)->zip($lastYear)->map(function($monthly){
    return $monthly->first() - $monthly->last();
});

zip:將給定數組的值與相應索引處的原集合的值合併在一塊兒。ide

建立lookup 數組

需求:將以下數組格式化成下面的結果:
$employees = [
    [
        'name' => 'example',
        'email' => 'example@exmaple.com',
        'company' => 'example Inc.'
    ],
    [
        'name' => 'Lucy',
        'email' => 'lucy@example.com',
        'company' => 'ibm Inc.'
    ],
    [
        'name' => 'Taylor',
        'email' => 'toylor@laravel.com',
        'company'=>'Laravel Inc.'
    ]
];

// 格式化以後的結果
$lookup = [
    'example' => 'example@example.com',
    'Lucy' => ‘lucy@example.com’,
    'Taylor'=> 'toylor@laravel.com'
];
  1. 傳統的foreach 方式:
$emails = [];
foreach ($employees as $key => $value) {
    $emails[$value['name']] = $value['email'];
}
  1. 使用集合的reduce 方法:
$emails = collect($employees)->reduce(function($emailLookup, $employee){
    $emailLookup[$employee['name']] = $employee['email'];
    return $emailLookup;
},[]);

reduce:將每次迭代的結果傳遞給下一次迭代直到集合減小爲單個值。ui

  1. 使用集合的pluck 方法:
$emails = collect($employees)->pluck('name', 'email');

參考連接

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