spring cloud 2.x版本 Gateway動態路由教程

時間 2019-11-06

標籤 spring cloud 2.x 版本 gateway 動態路由教程欄目 Spring 简体版

原文原文鏈接

摘要

本文采用的Spring cloud爲2.1.8RELEASE，version=Greenwich.SR3 html

本文基於前面的幾篇Spring cloud Gateway文章的實現。參考java

Gateway路由網關教程

Gateway自定義過濾器教程

前言

寫了幾篇關於Spring Cloud Gateway的文章後發現，Gateway涉及的知識範圍太廣了，真是深入體會了「一入Spring cloud深似海」。react

現實生產環境中，使用Spring Cloud Gateway都是做爲全部流量的入口，爲了保證系統的高可用，儘可能避免系統的重啓，因此須要Spring Cloud Gateway的動態路由來處理。以前的文章《Gateway路由網關教程》提供的路由配置，在系統啓動時候，會將路由配置和規則加載到內存當中，沒法作到不重啓服務就能夠動態的新增、修改、刪除內存中的路由配置和規則。git

簡單的動態路由實現

Spring Cloud Gateway源碼中提供了GatewayControllerEndpoint類來修改路由配置，可是官方文檔好像並無作詳細的使用說明，只是簡單介紹了幾個簡單的api接口。感興趣的小夥伴能夠先查看官方文檔（第11章節 Actuator API）。github

引致官方文檔：web

The /gateway actuator endpoint allows to monitor and interact with a Spring Cloud Gateway application. To be remotely accessible, the endpoint has to be enabled and exposed via HTTP or JMX in the application properties.redis

1.1 添加相關pom依賴

在原來spring-gateway的基礎上增長spring-boot-starter-actuator依賴spring

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
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1.2 在application.yml中增長配置

management:
 endpoints:
 web:
 exposure:
 include: "*"
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配置說明：management.endpoints.web.exposure.include 暴露全部的gateway端點json

1.3 啓動服務

啓動服務，訪問http://localhost:8100/actuator/gateway/routes,這是咱們能夠看到全部的routes信息。api

咱們也能夠訪問單個路由信息： http://localhost:8100/actuator/gateway/routes/CompositeDiscoveryClient_EUREKA-CLIENT

顯示以下：

1.4 增長、修改路由信息

Gateway默認使用的是GatewayControllerEndpoint這個類，GatewayControllerEndpoint又繼承了AbstractGatewayControllerEndpoint類。

提供的方法：（只列具了幾個相關方法，其餘方法小夥們能夠自行查看源碼）

/gateway/routes 查詢全部路由信息

/gateway/routes/{id} 根據路由id查詢單個信息

/gateway/routes/{id} @PostMapping 新增一個路由信息

/gateway/routes/{id} @DeleteMapping 刪除一個路由信息

1.4.1 新增路由

咱們可根據/gateway/routes返回的路由信息，來模仿一個@PostMapping請求參數

{
    "uri": "http://httpbin.org:80",
    "predicates": [
        {
            "args": {
                "pattern": "/ribbon/**"
            },
            "name": "Path"
        }
    ],
    "filters": []
}
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這是咱們能夠經過postman來發送一個post請求，如圖所示：

response返回1證實已經插入成功，咱們能夠經過http://localhost:8100/actuator/gateway/routes/查看路由信息，顯示結果以下：

截圖紅框中的信息就是新增長的

1.4.2 刪除路由信息

咱們能夠直接用postman模擬DeleteMapping請求，http://localhost:8100/actuator/gateway/routes/addroutes

顯示以下：

這時候咱們在訪問http://localhost:8100/actuator/gateway/routes，能夠看到新增長的路由已經被刪除成功了。

1.5 小結

基於Spring Cloud Gateway默認方法實現的動態路由我就完成了，在前言中我已經提到了，這種方式是基於jvm內存實現，一旦服務重啓，新增的路由配置信息就是徹底消失了。全部這個時候咱們能夠考慮是否能夠參考GatewayControllerEndpoint這類，本身實現一套動態路由方法，而後將路由信息持久化。

自定義動態路由

1.1定義相關類

1.1.1 定義實體類

能夠自定義實體類，我這裏偷了一個懶，直接用了Gateway的RouteDefinition類，感興趣的小夥伴能夠參考RouteDefinition類本身擴展，而後寫一個Convert類將自定義的類轉換成RouteDefinition就能夠了。

1.1.2 自定義RedisRouteDefinitionRepository類

我這邊採用redis作爲路由配置的信息的持久層，因此寫了一個RedisRouteDefinitionRepository。

package spring.cloud.demo.spring.gateway.component;

import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteDefinition;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteDefinitionRepository;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.support.NotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
import spring.cloud.demo.spring.gateway.redis.RedisUtils;
import spring.cloud.demo.spring.gateway.util.JsonUtils;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

/** * @auther: maomao * @DateT: 2019-11-03 */
@Component
public class RedisRouteDefinitionRepository implements RouteDefinitionRepository {

    //存儲的的key
    private final static String KEY = "gateway_dynamic_route";

    @Resource
    private RedisUtils redisUtils;

    /** * 獲取路由信息 * @return */
    @Override
    public Flux<RouteDefinition> getRouteDefinitions() {
        List<RouteDefinition> gatewayRouteEntityList = Lists.newArrayList();
        redisUtils.hgets(KEY).stream().forEach(route -> {
            RouteDefinition result = JsonUtils.parseJson(route.toString(), RouteDefinition.class);
            gatewayRouteEntityList.add(result);
        });
        return Flux.fromIterable(gatewayRouteEntityList);
    }

    /** * 新增 * @param route * @return */
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> save(Mono<RouteDefinition> route) {
        return route.flatMap(routeDefinition -> {
            redisUtils.hset(KEY, routeDefinition.getId(), JsonUtils.toString(routeDefinition));
            return Mono.empty();
        });
    }

    /** * 刪除 * @param routeId * @return */
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> delete(Mono<String> routeId) {
        return routeId.flatMap(id -> {
            if (redisUtils.hHashKey(KEY, id)) {
                redisUtils.hdel(KEY, id);
                return Mono.empty();
            }
            return Mono.defer(() -> Mono.error(new NotFoundException("route definition is not found, routeId:" + routeId)));
        });
    }
}

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1.1.3 自定義Controller和Service

package spring.cloud.demo.spring.gateway.controller;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteDefinition;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
import spring.cloud.demo.spring.gateway.service.GatewayDynamicRouteService;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/** * 自定義動態路由 * @auther: maomao * @DateT: 2019-11-03 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/gateway")
@Slf4j
public class GatewayDynamicRouteController {

    @Resource
    private GatewayDynamicRouteService gatewayDynamicRouteService;

    @PostMapping("/add")
    public String create(@RequestBody RouteDefinition entity) {
        int result = gatewayDynamicRouteService.add(entity);
        return String.valueOf(result);
    }

    @PostMapping("/update")
    public String update(@RequestBody RouteDefinition entity) {
        int result = gatewayDynamicRouteService.update(entity);
        return String.valueOf(result);
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/delete/{id}")
    public Mono<ResponseEntity<Object>> delete(@PathVariable String id) {
        return gatewayDynamicRouteService.delete(id);
    }

}

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package spring.cloud.demo.spring.gateway.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.event.RefreshRoutesEvent;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteDefinition;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.support.NotFoundException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisher;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisherAware;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
import spring.cloud.demo.spring.gateway.component.RedisRouteDefinitionRepository;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/** * @auther: maomao * @DateT: 2019-11-03 */
@Service
public class GatewayDynamicRouteService implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware {

    @Resource
    private RedisRouteDefinitionRepository redisRouteDefinitionRepository;

    private ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher;

    /** * 增長路由 * @param routeDefinition * @return */
    public int add(RouteDefinition routeDefinition) {
        redisRouteDefinitionRepository.save(Mono.just(routeDefinition)).subscribe();
        applicationEventPublisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesEvent(this));
        return 1;
    }

    /** * 更新 * @param routeDefinition * @return */
    public int update(RouteDefinition routeDefinition) {
        redisRouteDefinitionRepository.delete(Mono.just(routeDefinition.getId()));
        redisRouteDefinitionRepository.save(Mono.just(routeDefinition)).subscribe();
        applicationEventPublisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesEvent(this));
        return 1;
    }

    /** * 刪除 * @param id * @return */
    public Mono<ResponseEntity<Object>> delete(String id) {
        return redisRouteDefinitionRepository.delete(Mono.just(id)).then(Mono.defer(() -> Mono.just(ResponseEntity.ok().build())))
                .onErrorResume(t -> t instanceof NotFoundException, t -> Mono.just(ResponseEntity.notFound().build()));
    }


    @Override
    public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) {
        this.applicationEventPublisher = applicationEventPublisher;
    }
}

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