oracle rac 11.0.2.4初學者簡要安裝步驟

時間 2020-02-15

標籤 oracle rac 11.0.2.4 初學者簡要安裝步驟欄目 Oracle 简体版

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########12c rac 多出一個grid的base目錄和須要準備一個40G的盤作GIMR磁盤，其餘大體相同.
linux

########從滿腦子問號rac是什麼開始搞，作以前先百度瞭解rac是什麼，基本架構是怎麼樣的，大概就是下圖這樣子，詳細點的自行百度~c++

########準備好oracle安裝包，Oracle官網下載，包不要錢.數據庫

########p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7bash

1.VMware環境：兩臺安裝linux的虛擬機，本次我使用的red hat 6.8，每臺兩個網卡public/private。session

搞幾個共享磁盤出來架構

cmd切換到VMware安裝目錄下，執行建立共享磁盤.oracle

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr01.vmdkapp

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr02.vmdkide

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr03.vmdk測試

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\data.vmdk

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\backup.vmdk

改虛擬機的.vmx文件，文件末尾添加剛纔建立的虛擬磁盤.

scsi1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"

scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"

scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:1.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr01.vmdk"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:2.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr02.vmdk"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:3.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr03.vmdk"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:4.filename = "C:\share_disk\backup.vmdk"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:5.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:5.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:5.filename = "C:\share_disk\data.vmdk"

scsi1:5.deviceType = "disk"

disk.locking = "false"

disk.EnableUUID = "true"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

2.開機檢查兩臺主機均可以看到剛添加的共享盤，檢查swap空間。

內存	Swap
1 - 2 GB	內存的1.5倍
2-16GB	和內存相等
>16GB	16 GB

3.操做系統配置

3.1關閉selinux

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

3.2關閉iptables

rhel6

service iptables stop

chkconfig ip6tables off

chkconfig iptables off

rhel7

systemctl stop firewalld.service

systemctl disable firewalld.service

firewall-cmd --state

3.3改IP地址，改hosts文件

cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF

2.2.2.10 rac1

2.2.2.11 rac1-vip

2.2.2.20 rac2

2.2.2.21 rac2-vip

2.2.2.15 rac-scan

192.168.88.200 rac1-priv

192.168.88.201 rac2-priv

EOF

禁用ntp，oracle rac中會使用ctss來同步集羣時間.

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

3.4內核參數

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

EOF

sysctl -p

3.5Limits

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

EOF

12C：

grid soft stack 10240

oracle soft stack 10240

3.6 pam

echo session required pam_limits.so >> /etc/pam.d/login

3.7 profile

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF

if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

umask 022

EOF

3.8 新建用戶及更改環境變量.

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 507 asmoper

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle

##passwd oracle

echo "oracle:oracle" | chpasswd

##passwd grid

echo "grid:grid" | chpasswd

##Oracle Inventory目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory

##Grid Home目錄

mkdir -p /u01/11.2.0/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/12.2.0/grid

chmod -R 775 /u01/11.2.0/grid

##Oracle Base目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

##Oracle Home目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/

12C：grid $ORACLE_BASE

mkdir /u01/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/grid

chmod -R 775 /u01/grid

##oracle用戶.bash_profile添加

vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=jicheng1 ##rac2爲jicheng2

export NLS_LANG=american_america.zhs16gbk

export PATH=.:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/ u01/11.2.0/grid/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

##grid用戶.bash_profile添加

vi /home/grid/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

#12C export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/11.2.0/grid

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 ##rac2爲ASM2

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

3.9 操做系統配置結束，reboot兩臺機器（改配置文件關selinux重啓生效）

4.ASM盤，能夠使用ASMlib和udev方式來綁定，本次使用udev來綁定ASM磁盤

取共享磁盤ssid，建立文件/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules並寫入，往rac2節點拷貝一份，一樣啓動start_udev

rhel6

for i in sdb sdc sdd sde sdf; do UUID=`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$i` ; echo 'KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="'$UUID'", NAME="asm-'$i'", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"'; done >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules ; cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules

start_udev

ll /dev/asm*

scp /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules 2.2.2.20:/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules

rac2 :

start_udev

ll /dev/asm*

rhel7

for i in b c d e f

UUID=`/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`

echo 'KERNEL=="sd?",SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="'$UUID'", SYMLINK+="asm-disk'$i'",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"'

done >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules

/sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change

udevadm control --reload-rules

5.上傳文件，安裝依賴包，圖形界面安裝grid，oracle數據庫軟件，DBCA建庫。

5.1安裝依賴包，配好yum裝吧

yum install -y binutils compat-libstdc++-33 glibc ksh libaio libgcc libstdc++ make compat-libcap1 gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel libaio-devel libstdc++-devel sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel

5.2圖形界面grid用戶運行 ./runInstaller

installation type 選高級.

添加rac2，配置雙節點grid用戶互信

注意選擇路徑，把剛纔三個ocr磁盤選上

最後安裝檢查會報asm磁盤警告，檢查兩個節點均可以訪問asm磁盤後直接忽略下一步.

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/asm-sda bs=1024 count=1

5.3安裝完成運行root腳本，先在第一個節點上執行，而後其餘節點順序執行，不能同時執行

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/11.2.0/grid/root.sh

5.4驗證集羣

[root@rac1]# /oracle/11.2.0/grid/bin/crs_stat -t

Name Type Target State Host