Configuring Oracle RAC by VMware Workstation 16

經過本文能夠學習到如何使用vmware workstation 16配置共享磁盤以及使用靜默方式部署Oracle 19c RAC。這裏的asm磁盤組使用oracle的新特性AFD，有關說明請參考官方文檔。

一、建立共享磁盤

共享磁盤須要使用命令行建立，這裏使用MobaXterm做爲終端，以下：

[jacky.lee.lee] ➤ export PATH=$PATH:/drives/c/Program\ Files\ \(x86\)/VMware/VMware\ Workstation/
[jacky.lee.lee] ➤ vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 100GB -t 4 sharedisk01.vmdk
[jacky.lee.lee] ➤ vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 100GB -t 4 sharedisk02.vmdk
[jacky.lee.lee] ➤ vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 100GB -t 4 sharedisk03.vmdk
[jacky.lee.lee] ➤ vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 100GB -t 4 sharedisk04.vmdk
[jacky.lee.lee] ➤ vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 100GB -t 4 sharedisk05.vmdk

其中的-t表明磁盤類型，以下圖：

二、虛擬機添加共享磁盤

各虛擬機節點使用下面相同的方法添加共享磁盤。
編輯虛擬機->添加磁盤->使用現有虛擬磁盤->選擇現有磁盤->保持現有格式

添加完成後，點擊「高級 」，設置虛擬設備節點並選中「獨立」模式。

根據上述步驟完成其餘磁盤的添加。
磁盤添加完成後，不要當即打開虛擬機，須要編輯虛擬機配置文件（好比：odb03.vmx），加入如下內容後，才能夠正常打開虛擬機。

disk.locking = "false"
scsi1.shareBus = "VIRTUAL"

三、安裝配置19c Grid

3.1 準備grid靜默文件

靜默配置文件內容以下:

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
oracle.install.option=CRS_CONFIG
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba
oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper
oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin
oracle.install.crs.config.scanType=LOCAL_SCAN
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName=scan
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort=1521
oracle.install.crs.config.ClusterConfiguration=STANDALONE
oracle.install.crs.config.configureAsExtendedCluster=false
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName=ORA19C-01
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false
oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=false
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=odb03:odb03-vip,odb04:odb04-vip
oracle.install.crs.config.networkInterfaceList=ens32:192.168.120.0:1,ens35:172.16.255.0:5
oracle.install.crs.configureGIMR=false
oracle.install.asm.configureGIMRDataDG=false
oracle.install.crs.config.storageOption=FLEX_ASM_STORAGE
oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=abcABC12
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=DATA
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=EXTERNAL
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.AUSize=4
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/sdb,/dev/sdc,/dev/sdd
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/sd*
oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=abcABC12
oracle.install.asm.configureAFD=true
oracle.install.crs.configureRHPS=false
oracle.install.crs.config.ignoreDownNodes=false                 
oracle.install.config.managementOption=NONE
oracle.install.crs.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false

3.2 應用最新PSU

因爲是新環境，因此在安裝以前先打上PSU，而後進行安裝。

--解壓grid安裝包到家目錄
[grid@odb03 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME;unzip LINUX.x64_193000_grid_home.zip
--解壓最新的opatch到家目錄
[grid@odb03 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME;unzip /mnt/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
在解壓過程當中若是提示重複文件，選擇覆蓋便可(不要移動或者刪除OPatch目錄)。
這裏19c的基礎版本爲19.3，打完最新版PSU後版本變動爲19.10。
--解壓grid的PSU
[grid@odb03 ~]$ cd /mnt/tmp; unzip p32226239_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
[grid@odb03 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh -silent -applyRU /mnt/tmp/32226239/
Preparing the home to patch...
Applying the patch /mnt/tmp/32226239/...
Successfully applied the patch.

3.3 靜默安裝grid

[grid@odb03 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /tmp/grid.rsp
Launching Oracle Grid Infrastructure Setup Wizard...
The response file for this session can be found at:
 /u01/app/19.0.0/grid/install/response/grid_2021-01-22_04-05-52PM.rsp

You can find the log of this install session at:
 /tmp/GridSetupActions2021-01-22_04-05-52PM/gridSetupActions2021-01-22_04-05-52PM.log

As a root user, execute the following script(s):
        1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
        2. /u01/app/19.0.0/grid/root.sh

Execute /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh on the following nodes: 
[odb03, odb04]
Execute /u01/app/19.0.0/grid/root.sh on the following nodes: 
[odb03, odb04]

Run the script on the local node first. After successful completion, you can start the script in parallel on all other nodes.

Successfully Setup Software with warning(s).
As install user, execute the following command to complete the configuration.
        /u01/app/19.0.0/grid/gridSetup.sh -executeConfigTools -responseFile /tmp/grid.rsp [-silent]

Moved the install session logs to:
 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/GridSetupActions2021-01-22_04-05-52PM

各個節點以root用戶分別執行如下兩個腳本：

[root@odb03 ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
[root@odb03 ~]# /u01/app/19.0.0/grid/root.sh

以grid用戶執行如下命令，完成最後的grid配置：

[grid@odb03 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/gridSetup.sh -silent -executeConfigTools -responseFile /tmp/grid.rsp

四、安裝配置Oracle DB

4.1 安裝靜默文件

[oracle@odb03 ~]$ vi /tmp/db_install.rsp 
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle                           
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=odb03,odb04
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=DEFAULT
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=false

4.2 應用最新PSU

[oracle@odb03 db_1]$ unzip /mnt/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip 
Archive:  /mnt/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
replace OPatch/emdpatch.pl? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: A
......
[oracle@odb03 tmp]$ unzip p32218454_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
[oracle@odb03 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -applyRU /mnt/tmp/32218454
Preparing the home to patch...
Applying the patch /mnt/tmp/32218454...
Successfully applied the patch.

4.3 安裝Oracle DB

[oracle@odb03 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /tmp/db_install.rsp

安裝完成後，在各個節點執行如下腳本：

[root@odb03 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/root.sh
[root@odb04 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/root.sh

4.4 DBCA靜默建立數據庫

靜默文件以下：

responseFileVersion=/oracle/assistants/rspfmt_dbca_response_schema_v12.2.0
gdbName=racdb
sid=racdb
databaseConfigType=RAC
policyManaged=false
createServerPool=false
force=false
createAsContainerDatabase=false
numberOfPDBs=0
useLocalUndoForPDBs=true
nodelist=odb03,odb04
templateName=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc
sysPassword=abcABC12
systemPassword=abcABC12
serviceUserPassword=abcABC12
runCVUChecks=FALSE
dvConfiguration=false
olsConfiguration=false
datafileJarLocation={ORACLE_HOME}/assistants/dbca/templates/
datafileDestination=+DATA/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/
recoveryAreaDestination=+FRA
storageType=ASM
diskGroupName=+DATA/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/
asmsnmpPassword=abcABC12
recoveryGroupName=+FRA
characterSet=AL32UTF8
nationalCharacterSet=AL16UTF16
registerWithDirService=false
variables=ORACLE_BASE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1,DB_UNIQUE_NAME=racdb,ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle,PDB_NAME=,DB_NAME=racdb,ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1,SID=racdb
initParams=racdb1.undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1,racdb2.undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS2,sga_target=2312MB,db_block_size=8192BYTES,cluster_database=true,diagnostic_dest={ORACLE_BASE},remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive,db_create_file_dest=+DATA/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/,audit_file_dest={ORACLE_BASE}/admin/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/adump,processes=1000,pga_aggregate_target=771MB,racdb1.thread=1,racdb2.thread=2,nls_territory=AMERICA,local_listener=-oraagent-dummy-,db_recovery_file_dest_size=50GB,open_cursors=300,log_archive_format=%t_%s_%r.dbf,compatible=19.0.0,db_name=racdb,racdb1.instance_number=1,racdb2.instance_number=2,db_recovery_file_dest=+FRA,audit_trail=none
sampleSchema=false
memoryPercentage=40
databaseType=MULTIPURPOSE
automaticMemoryManagement=false
totalMemory=0

建立數據庫：

[oracle@odb03 ~]$ dbca -silent -ignorePreReqs -createDatabase  -responseFile /tmp/dbca.rsp -enableArchive true -redoLogFileSize 1024
Prepare for db operation
8% complete
Copying database files
33% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
34% complete
35% complete
39% complete
......

驗證數據庫狀態：

[oracle@odb03 ~]$ srvctl status database -d racdb
Instance racdb1 is running on node odb03
Instance racdb2 is running on node odb04
[oracle@odb03 ~]$ srvctl config database -d racdb        
Database unique name: racdb
Database name: racdb
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +DATA/RACDB/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.270.1062524351
Password file: +DATA/RACDB/PASSWORD/pwdracdb.258.1062523479
Domain: 
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Server pools: 
Disk Groups: FRA,DATA
Mount point paths: 
Services: 
Type: RAC
Start concurrency: 
Stop concurrency: 
OSDBA group: dba
OSOPER group: oper
Database instances: racdb1,racdb2
Configured nodes: odb03,odb04
CSS critical: no
CPU count: 0
Memory target: 0
Maximum memory: 0
Default network number for database services: 
Database is administrator managed