CentoS7搭建直播服務器

時間 2019-11-09

原文原文鏈接

CentoS7搭建直播服務器

資源地址
nginx-rtmp： https://github.com/arut/nginx...
OBS推流： https://obsproject.com/

關於HLS

HTTP Live Streaming（HLS）是蘋果公司實現的基於HTTP的流媒體傳輸協議，可實現流媒體的直播和點播，相對於常見的流媒體直播協議，例如RTMP協議、RTSP協議、MMS協議等，HLS直播最大的不一樣在於，直播客戶端獲取到的，並非一個完整的數據流。HLS協議在服務器端將直播數據流存儲爲連續的、很短時長的媒體文件（MPEG-TS格式），而客戶端則不斷的下載並播放這些小文件，由於服務器端老是會將最新的直播數據生成新的小文件，這樣客戶端只要不停的按順序播放從服務器獲取到的文件，就實現了直播。因而可知，基本上能夠認爲，HLS是以點播的技術方式來實現直播。因爲數據經過HTTP協議傳輸，因此徹底不用考慮防火牆或者代理的問題，並且分段文件的時長很短，客戶端能夠很快的選擇和切換碼率，以適應不一樣帶寬條件下的播放。不過HLS的這種技術特色，決定了它的延遲通常老是會高於普通的流媒體直播協議。css

下載nginx源碼包

cd /tmp

#wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.gar.gz
# 使用華爲雲鏡像
wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/nginx/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

# 解壓縮
tar -xvzf ./nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

下載nginx-rtmp源碼

# 下載nginx-rtmp模塊源碼
wget https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/archive/v1.2.1.tar.gz

# 解壓縮，這個須要用到，轉入正式目錄
tar -xvzf ./v1.2.1.tar.gz
mv /tmp/nginx-rtmp-module-1.2.1 /usr/local/nginx-rtmp-module

更新相關依賴包

yum -y install pcre* openssl openssl-devel

建立用戶和組

# 建立組
groupadd nginx

# 建立不容許登陸，無主目錄的用戶
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx -M nginx

安裝nginx跟rtmp模塊

cd /tmp/nginx-1.14.0

./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --add-module=/usr/local/nginx-rtmp-module  

make & make install

參數	說明
--user=nginx	指定運行權限的用戶
--group=nginx	指定運行的權限用戶組
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx	指定安裝路徑
--with-http_stub_status_module	支持nginx狀態查詢
--with-http_ssl_module	開啓ssl支持
--with-http_gzip_static_module	開啓GZIP功能
--add-module=/usr/local/nginx-rtmp-module	添加nginx-rtmp-module模塊

建立服務

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true


[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

nginx全局配置

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    
    #gzip  on;
    
    include ./conf.d/*.conf;

}

rtmp {
    server {
        # 監聽端口
        listen 1935;
        chunk_size 2048;

        # HLS
        # For HLS to work please create a directory in tmpfs (/tmp/hls here)
        # for the fragments. The directory contents is served via HTTP (see
        # http{} section in config)
        #
        # Incoming stream must be in H264/AAC. For iPhones use baseline H264
        # profile (see ffmpeg example).
        # This example creates RTMP stream from movie ready for HLS:
        #
        # ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -re -i movie.avi  -vcodec libx264
        #    -vprofile baseline -acodec libmp3lame -ar 44100 -ac 1
        #    -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/hls/movie
        #
        # If you need to transcode live stream use 'exec' feature.
        #

        # rtmp推流請求路徑
        application hls {
            # 開啓實時
            live on;

            # 開啓hls
            hls on;

            # 對視頻切片進行保護，這樣就不會產生馬賽克了
            wait_key on; 

            # rtmp推流請求路徑，文件存放路徑
            hls_path /data/video/hls;

            # 每一個TS文件包含視頻內容的長度
            hls_fragment 2s;

            # 總共能夠回看的事件
            hls_playlist_length 60s;

            # 連續模式
            hls_continuous on;

            # 對多餘的切片進行刪除
            hls_cleanup on;

            # 嵌套模式
            hls_nested on;
        }
    }
}

配置視頻

# 建立配置目錄（在nginx.conf裏面指定了include）
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/video.conf

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/master.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/local/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/local/nginx/html;
    }

    # http播放地址
    location /live {
        types {
            application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
            video/mp2t ts;
        }
        alias /data/video/hls;   
        expires -1;
        add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
    }

    # 統計
    location /stat {
        rtmp_stat all;
        rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
    }

    location /stat.xsl {
        root /usr/local/nginx-rtmp-module/;
    }

}

防火牆配置

# 開啓端口，1935推流，725統計
firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --add-port=1935/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

推流

ffmpeg推流

ffmpeg -re -i "e:\video\02.mp4" -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 1280x720 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.244:1935/hls/flv

ffmpeg -re -i "e:video02.mp4" -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 340x640 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.244:1935/hls/flvhtml

ffmpeg -re -i "e:\video\02.mp4" -f flv "rtmp://192.168.1.244:1935/hls/flv"

OBS推流

下載最新客戶端： https://obsproject.com/nginx

流類型選擇自定義流媒體服務器
流名稱設置二級目錄名

以ffmpeg推流的地址爲例：rtmp://192.168.1.244:1935/hls/flv
流URL：rtmp://192.168.1.244:1935/hls
流名稱：flvgit

推流服務統計

http://192.168.1.244/statgithub

客戶端播放

使用plyr.js和hls.js
播放地址：http://192.168.1.244/live/flv...web

<!doctype html>
<html lang="zh-cmn-Hans">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
  <meta name="renderer" content="webkit"/>
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/>
  <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp"/>
  <title>直播</title>
  <link href="http://cdn.bootcss.com/plyr/3.3.9/plyr.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>
<body>
<div class="player" style="width:640px;height:360px">
  <video title="直播測試"
         poster="http://192.168.1.230:8004/static/img/index_p3.jpg"
         controls crossorigin></video>
</div>
<script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/hls.js/0.9.1/hls.light.min.js"></script>
<script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/plyr/3.3.9/plyr.min.js"></script>
<script>
  window.onload = function () {
    var hlsUrl = 'http://192.168.1.244/live/flv/index.m3u8';
    var video = document.querySelector('video');
    if (Hls.isSupported()) {
      var hls = new Hls({autoStartLoad: false});
      hls.loadSource(hlsUrl);
      hls.attachMedia(video);
    } else {
      var nativeHLS = video.canPlayType('application/vnd.apple.mpegurl');
      video.src = nativeHLS ? hlsUrl : fallbackUrl;
    }

    video.addEventListener('play', function () {
      hls.startLoad();
    }, {once: true});

    new Plyr(video);
  };
</script>
</body>
</html>