CentOS7 搭建 SVN 服務器

CentOS7 搭建 SVN 服務器

介紹SVN：

SVN是Subversion的簡稱，是一個開放源代碼的版本控制系統，相較於RCS、CVS，它採用了分支管理系統，它的設計目標就是取代CVS。互聯網上不少版本控制服務已從CVS遷移到Subversion。說得簡單一點SVN就是用於多我的共同開發同一個項目，共用資源的目的。

安裝SVN：

[root@centos7 ~]# 
[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y subversion

出現以下問題：

[root@centos7 ~]# 
[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y subversion
已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
/var/run/yum.pid 已被鎖定，PID 爲 4137 的另外一個程序正在運行。
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
  另外一個應用程序是：PackageKit
    內存： 99 M RSS （502 MB VSZ）
    已啓動： Fri Mar 22 18:57:37 2019 - 00:52以前
    狀態  ：睡眠中，進程ID：4137
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
  另外一個應用程序是：PackageKit
    內存： 99 M RSS （502 MB VSZ）
    已啓動： Fri Mar 22 18:57:37 2019 - 00:54以前
    狀態  ：睡眠中，進程ID：4137

緣由：

這是由於yum處於鎖定狀態中。能夠經過強制關掉yum進程來解決這個問題，直接在終端運行 rm -f /var/run/yum.pid 將該文件刪除，而後再次運行yum便可。

解決方法：

[root@centos7 ~]# sudo rm -rf /var/run/yum.pid
[root@centos7 ~]#

建立一個存儲 SVN 的目錄

新建一個目錄用於存儲SVN目錄、通常存放在 /var/local/

[root@centos7 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@centos7 local]
[root@centos7 local]# mkdir svn

新建一個測試倉庫

[root@centos7 local]# cd svn/
[root@centos7 svn]# svnadmin create test

而後查看當前目錄下、會發現多了一個 test 文件夾、而後進入到 test 下。

[root@centos7 svn]# 
[root@centos7 svn]# ll
# 總用量 4
# drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 3月  22 21:13 test
[root@centos7 svn]# cd test/
[root@centos7 test]# ll
# 總用量 24
# drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 3月  22 21:13 conf
# drwxr-sr-x. 6 root root 4096 3月  22 21:13 db
# -r--r--r--. 1 root root    2 3月  22 21:13 format
# drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 3月  22 21:13 hooks
# drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 3月  22 21:13 locks
# -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  229 3月  22 21:13 README.txt
[root@centos7 test]#

如下關於目錄的說明：

conf目錄：  是這個倉庫配置文件（倉庫用戶訪問帳戶，權限）
format目錄：是一個文本文件，裏邊只放了一個整數，表示當前文件庫配置的版本號
hooks目錄： 放置hook腳步文件的目錄
locks目錄： 用來放置subversion的db鎖文件和db_logs鎖文件的目錄，用來追蹤存取文件庫的客戶端

配置測試倉庫

[root@centos7 test]# 
[root@centos7 test]# cd conf/
[root@centos7 conf]# ll
# 總用量 12
# -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1080 3月  22 21:13 authz
# -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  309 3月  22 21:13 passwd
# -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3090 3月  22 21:13 svnserve.conf

一、修改SVN服務的配置文件svnserver.conf

[root@centos7 conf]# vim svnserve.conf
# 修改四處
# 分別爲 1九、20、2七、34行

具體以下：    
 1 ### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you
 2 ### use it to allow access to this repository.  (If you only allow
 3 ### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is
 4 ### irrelevant.)
 5 
 6 ### Visit http://subversion.apache.org/ for more information.
 7 
 8 [general]
 9 ### The anon-access and auth-access options control access to the
 10 ### repository for unauthenticated (a.k.a. anonymous) users and
 11 ### authenticated users, respectively.
 12 ### Valid values are "write", "read", and "none".
 13 ### Setting the value to "none" prohibits both reading and writing;
 14 ### "read" allows read-only access, and "write" allows complete
 15 ### read/write access to the repository.
 16 ### The sample settings below are the defaults and specify that anonymous
 17 ### users have read-only access to the repository, while authenticated
 18 ### users have read and write access to the repository.
 19 anon-access = read      ##注意前邊不要有空格，要頂齊
 20 auth-access = write     ##注意前邊不要有空格，要頂齊
 21 ### The password-db option controls the location of the password
 22 ### database file.  Unless you specify a path starting with a /,
 23 ### the file's location is relative to the directory containing
 24 ### this configuration file.
 25 ### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used.
 26 ### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file.
 27 password-db = passwd    ##注意前邊不要有空格，要頂齊
 28 ### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization
 29 ### rules for path-based access control.  Unless you specify a path
 30 ### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the the
 31 ### directory containing this file.  If you don't specify an
 32 ### authz-db, no path-based access control is done.
 33 ### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file.
 34 authz-db = authz        ##注意前邊不要有空格，要頂齊
 35 ### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository.
 36 ### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should
 37 ### have the same password database, and vice versa.  The default realm
 38 ### is repository's uuid.
 39 # realm = My First Repository
 40 ### The force-username-case option causes svnserve to case-normalize
 41 ### usernames before comparing them against the authorization rules in the
 42 ### authz-db file configured above.  Valid values are "upper" (to upper-
 43 ### case the usernames), "lower" (to lowercase the usernames), and
 44 ### "none" (to compare usernames as-is without case conversion, which
 45 ### is the default behavior).
 46 # force-username-case = none

二、配置訪問用戶及密碼

[root@centos7 conf]# 
[root@centos7 conf]# vim passwd
# 按內容中已知的規則添加用戶密碼

具體以下：
  1 ### This file is an example password file for svnserve.
  2 ### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the
  3 ### example below it contains one section labelled [users].
  4 ### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line.
  5 
  6 [users]
  7 # harry = harryssecret
  8 # sally = sallyssecret
  9 root = root
 10 test1 = test
 11 test2 = test

三、配置新用戶的受權文件

[root@centos7 conf]# 
[root@centos7 conf]# vim authz

具體以下:
  1 ### This file is an example authorization file for svnserve.
  2 ### Its format is identical to that of mod_authz_svn authorization
  3 ### files.
  4 ### As shown below each section defines authorizations for the path and
  5 ### (optional) repository specified by the section name.
  6 ### The authorizations follow. An authorization line can refer to:
  7 ###  - a single user,
  8 ###  - a group of users defined in a special [groups] section,
  9 ###  - an alias defined in a special [aliases] section,
 10 ###  - all authenticated users, using the '$authenticated' token,
 11 ###  - only anonymous users, using the '$anonymous' token,
 12 ###  - anyone, using the '*' wildcard.
 13 ###
 14 ### A match can be inverted by prefixing the rule with '~'. Rules can
 15 ### grant read ('r') access, read-write ('rw') access, or no access
 16 ### ('').
 17 
 18 [aliases]
 19 # joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average
 20 
 21 [groups]
 22 # harry_and_sally = harry,sally
 23 # harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe
 24 
 25 # [/foo/bar]
 26 # harry = rw
 27 # &joe = r
 28 # * =
 29 
 30 # [repository:/baz/fuz]
 31 # @harry_and_sally = rw
 32 # * = r
 33 
 34 admin = root,test1
 35 user = test2
 36 [/svn/test]
 37 @admin = rw
 38 @user = r
 39 * =

備註：
admin = root,test1  # 建立admin組，組成員爲：root,test1
user = test2        # 建立用戶組，用戶成員：test2
[/svn/test]         # 賦予根權限，爲了便於管理和權限的控制，能夠把權限細化到版本庫中相應的目錄
@admin = rw         # admin組有讀寫的權限
@user = r           # user組只有讀的權限
*=                  # 表示除了上面設置的權限用戶組之外，其餘全部用戶都設置空權限，空權限表示禁止訪問本目錄，這很重要必定要加上。

啓動svn服務

[root@centos7 conf]# svnserve -d -r /usr/local/svn/
[root@centos7 conf]# 
# 沒有出錯邊是成功、若是出現如下錯誤、則需先關閉kill進程、而後從新啓動。
# 具體操做以下：

[root@centos7 conf]# svnserve -d -r /usr/local/svn/
# svnserve: E000098: 不能綁定服務器套接字: 地址已在使用
[root@centos7 conf]# 
[root@centos7 conf]# ps aux | grep svn
# root      8682  0.0  0.0 199280  1028 ?        Ss   09:29   0:00 svnserve -d -r /usr/local/svn/
# root     24448  0.0  0.0 112656   968 pts/1    S+   09:31   0:00 grep --color=auto svn
[root@centos7 conf]# 
[root@centos7 conf]# kill 8682
[root@centos7 conf]# ps aux | grep svn
# root     24507  0.0  0.0 112656   968 pts/1    S+   09:32   0:00 grep --color=auto svn
[root@centos7 conf]# 
[root@centos7 conf]# svnserve -d -r /usr/local/svn/
[root@centos7 conf]#