淺析Node.js:DNS模塊的使用

本篇文章主要介紹了Node.js:DNS模塊的使用,DNS模塊包涵有關DNS查詢和操做的方法,具備必定的參考價值,感興趣的小夥伴們能夠參考一下。javascript

Nodejs的DNS模塊包涵有關DNS查詢和操做的方法,下面介紹該模塊的基本用法以及實現一個DNS查詢小工具。css

1.獲取DNS服務器地址html

使用getServers方法,該方法返回一個IP地址組成的數組,以下所示:java

?node

1web

2json

3數組

const dns = require('dns');服務器

const servers = dns.getServers();網絡

console.log(servers);

返回結果爲:

[ '114.114.114.114', '8.8.8.8',
'fec0:0:0:ffff::1', '114.114.114.114',
'8.8.8.8', '114.114.114.114',
'8.8.8.8' ]

2.使用系統特性域名解析獲取IP地址

使用dns.lookup(hostname[, options], callback)方法,options參數包涵如下屬性:

  • family:地址協議族,必須爲4或6的整數
  • hints:設置getaddrinfo的標誌,dns.ADDRCONFIG 或者 dns.V4MAPPED(ipv4映射成ipv6)
  • all:false(默認),布爾值,如設置爲true,則返回IP數組,不然返回單個IP地址

callback回調函數有三個參數(err,address,family),若是options的all屬性設置爲true,則只有(err,addresses)參數且addresses爲一個數組,數組元素爲{address,family}對象。使用以下所示:

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dns.lookup('www.baidu.com',(err,address,family)=>{

  if(err) throw err;

  console.log('百度網站的IP地址是:'+address+'地址協議族是:IPV'+family);

});

結果以下:

E:\developmentdocument\nodejsdemo>node dns-example.js
百度網站的IP地址是:14.215.177.37地址協議族是:IPV4

設置options的all爲true時,結果以下:

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dns.lookup('www.baidu.com',{family:4,all:!0,hints:dns.ADDRCONFIG|dns.V4MAPPED},(err,addresses)=>{

  if(err) throw err;

  addresses.forEach((ele,idx,arr)=>{

    console.log('百度網站的IP地址'+(idx+1)+'是:'+ele.address);

  });

});

結果以下:

E:\developmentdocument\nodejsdemo>node dns-example.js
百度網站的IP地址1是:14.215.177.38
百度網站的IP地址2是:14.215.177.37

3.根據IP和端口獲取主機名

使用dns.lookupService(address, port, callback)方法,該方法依賴getnameinfo底層函數。
callback函數有三個參數(err, hostname, service),service是protocol,爲http或https,使用以下所示:

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dns.lookupService('127.0.0.1',80,(err,hostname,service)=>{

  if(err) console.log(err);

  console.log('該IP對應的主機爲:'+hostname+' 協議爲:'+service);

});

結果以下:

E:\developmentdocument\nodejsdemo>node dns-example.js
該IP對應的主機爲:www.test.zmx.com 協議爲:http

4.使用網絡域名解析獲取IP地址

使用dns.resolve(hostname[, rrtype], callback)方法,rrtype有如下選擇:

  • 'A':IPV4,default
  • 'AAAA':IPV6
  • 'MX' - mail exchange records 郵件交換記錄
  • 'TXT' - text records 域名配置說明
  • 'SRV' - SRV records 服務器提供的服務
  • 'PTR' - PTR records
  • 'NS' - name server records 域名服務器
  • 'CNAME' - canonical name records 別名記錄
  • 'SOA' - start of authority record 起始受權機構
  • 'NAPTR' - name authority pointer record

callback函數有(err, addresses)兩個參數,addresses是一個數組,具體成員須要看具體的rrtype,使用以下所示:

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//獲取IPV4

dns.resolve('www.qq.com','A',(err,address)=>{

  if(err) throw err;

  console.log(address);//結果爲[ '14.17.32.211', '14.17.42.40', '59.37.96.63' ]

});

//獲取IPV6

dns.resolve('www.qq.com','AAAA',(err,address)=>{

  if(err) throw err;

  console.log(address);//結果爲[ '240e:ff:f040:28::a' ]

});

//獲取SOA信息

dns.resolve('www.qq.com','SOA',(err,address)=>{

  if(err) throw err;

  console.log(address);

  //結果爲

  { nsname: 'ns-tel1.qq.com',

   hostmaster: 'webmaster.qq.com',

   serial: 1380440321,

   refresh: 300,

   retry: 600,

   expire: 86400,

   minttl: 300 }

});

//獲取別名CNAME

dns.resolve('www.baidu.com','CNAME',(err,address)=>{

  if(err) throw err;

  console.log(address);//結果爲[ 'www.a.shifen.com' ]

});

resovle還存在不少快捷方法,例如:resolve4,resolve6,resolveCname...等等

5.反向域名解析

使用dns.reverse(ip, callback)方法,callback有兩個參數(err, hostnames),hostnames是一個域名數組,使用以下所示:

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dns.reverse('114.114.114.114',(err,hostnames)=>{

  if(err) throw err;

  console.log(hostnames);//結果爲[ 'public1.114dns.com' ]

});

學完了以上的知識後,能夠作個DNS查詢的小工具,以下所示:

第一步,寫個HTML靜態頁面,以下:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

  <meta charset="UTF-8">

  <title>DNS查詢工具</title>

  <style type="text/css">

    html,body{ width: 100%; height: 100%; }

    body{ display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-direction: column; }

    *{ margin:0; padding: 0; }

    ul{ list-style: none; }

    .res{line-height: 24px; color:#333; }

    .clearfix:after{ display: block; content:''; height: 0; visibility: hidden; clear: both;}

    .fl{ float:left; }

    .g-wrap{ display: flex; width:560px; height: 40px; }

    .u-list{position: relative; flex:1; }

    .u-inp{flex:3; border:1px solid #ccc; border-left: none; border-right:none; padding:11px 0 11px 10px;}

    .u-btn{ flex:1; }

    .list{ display: none; position: absolute; left: 0px; top:40px; width: 100%; border:1px solid #ccc; border-top:none; border-bottom:none; box-sizing: content-box; }

    .item{ height: 30px; line-height: 30px; text-align: center; color: #666; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; cursor:pointer;}

    .item:hover{ color:#0087dc; }

    .u-list .type{ display: block; width: 100%; line-height: 38px; border:1px solid #ccc; text-align: center; color:#666; text-decoration: none; }

    .u-list .type:after{ content: ''; position: absolute; width:0; height:0; border:8px solid transparent; border-top-color:#ccc; right:4px; top:16px;}

    .u-inp input{ width: 100%; border:none; outline: none; height: 18px; line-height: 18px; color:#666; vertical-align: top; font-size: 14px; }

    .u-btn .btn{ display: block; line-height: 40px; text-align: center; background-color: #0087dc; color:#fff; font-size: 16px; cursor:pointer; transition: background-color .3s;}

    .u-btn .btn:hover{ background-color: #0060b2; }

  </style>

</head>

<body>

  <div id="res" class="res"></div>

  <div class="g-wrap clearfix">

    <div class="u-list fl">

      <a href="javascript:;" class="type" id="type" data-value="A">IPV4</a>

      <ul id="list" class="list">

        <li class="item" data-value="A">IPV4</li>

        <li class="item" data-value="AAAA">IPV6</li>

        <li class="item" data-value="CNAME">CNAME</li>

        <li class="item" data-value="SOA">SOA</li>

      </ul>

    </div>

    <div class="u-inp fl">

      <input type="text" class="host" id="host" placeholder="請輸入域名">

    </div>

    <div class="u-btn fl">

      <span class="btn" id="btn">查詢</span>

    </div>

  </div>

  <script>

    function hide(el){

      el.style.display = 'none';

    }

    function show(el){

      el.style.display = 'block';

    }

    function dealResult(responseText){

      var ips = [],

        result = '';

      ips = JSON.parse(responseText).ips;

      if(Array.isArray(ips)){

        result = ips.length > 0 ? ips.join('<br />') : '沒有查詢到結果';

      }else if({}.toString.call(ips) === '[object Object]'){

        result = JSON.stringify(ips);

      }

      res.innerHTML = result;

    }

    type.addEventListener('click',function(e){

      e.stopPropagation();

      show(list);

    },!1);

    [].slice.call(document.body.querySelectorAll('.item')).forEach(function(el,idx,arr){

      el.addEventListener('click',function(e){

        type.innerText = this.innerText;

        type.dataset.value = this.dataset.value;

      },!1);

    });

    document.body.addEventListener('click',function(e){

      if(list.style.display === 'block'){ hide(list); }

    },!1);

    btn.addEventListener('click',function(e){

      var hostname = host.value.trim(),

        rrtype  = type.dataset.value.toUpperCase();

      if(hostname == '') return;

      if(hostname.indexOf('http://') === 0) hostname = hostname.replace('http://','');

      var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(),

        method = "POST",

        url = "/dnslookup";

 

      xhr.open(method, url, true);

      xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {

        if (xhr.readyState === XMLHttpRequest.DONE && xhr.status === 200) {

          dealResult(xhr.responseText);

        }

      };

      xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

      xhr.send('host='+hostname+'&rrtype='+rrtype);

    },!1);

  </script>

</body>

</html>

接着編寫服務端代碼,以下:

var http = require('http'),

  url = require('url'),

  dns = require('dns'),

  qs  = require('querystring'),

  fs  = require('fs');

 

function router(req,res,pathname){

  switch(pathname){

    case '/dnslookup':

      lookup(req,res);

      break;

    default:

      showIndex(req,res);

  }

}

 

function showIndex(req,res){

  var pagePath = __dirname+'/'+'dns-lookup.html';

  var html = fs.readFileSync(pagePath);

  res.end(html);

}

 

function lookup(req,res){

  var postData = '';

  req.on('data',function(data){

    postData+=data;

  });

  req.on('end',function(data){

    var json = qs.parse(postData);

    var hostname = json.host;

    var rrtype = json.rrtype;

    dns.resolve(hostname,rrtype,function(err,adresses){

      if(err){

        res.end(JSON.stringify({errcode:1,ips:[]}));

      }

      res.end(JSON.stringify({errcode:0,ips:adresses}));

    });

     

  });

}

 

http.createServer(function(req,res){

  var pathname = url.parse(req.url).pathname;

  req.setEncoding("utf8");

  res.writeHead(200,{'Content-Type':'text/html'});

  router(req,res,pathname);

}).listen(3000,'127.0.0.1');

運行效果以下:​​​​​​​

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