使用Leancloud實現React Native App的消息推送（Push Notification）- Android篇

時間  2019-11-10
標籤 使用 leancloud 實現 react native app 消息 推送 push notification android 欄目 雲服務 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

前言

在上一篇文章 中咱們詳細講解了用Leancloud實現iOS消息推送的流程，今天本文將繼續講解實現Android的消息推送。html

接入Leancloud

在接入Leancloud以前，仍是推薦先閱讀Leancloud官方的 Android消息推送開發指南。java

安裝Leancloud SDK

SDK有多種安裝方式，詳情請參考Android SDK安裝指南。我選擇用Gradle安裝，先在根目錄下的build.gradle中添加Leancloud的maven倉庫地址：node

buildscript {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
        maven {
            url 'https://maven.google.com/'
            name 'Google'
        }

        maven {
            url "http://mvn.leancloud.cn/nexus/content/repositories/public"
        }
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.3.3'
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        mavenLocal()
        jcenter()
        maven {
            url "$rootDir/../node_modules/react-native/android"
        }
        maven {
            url 'https://maven.google.com/'
            name 'Google'
        }
        maven {
            url "http://mvn.leancloud.cn/nexus/content/repositories/public"
        }
    }
}

而後打開 app 目錄下的 build.gradle 進行以下配置：react

android {
    //爲了解決部分第三方庫重複打包了META-INF的問題
    packagingOptions{
        exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE.txt'
        exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE.txt'
    }
    lintOptions {
        abortOnError false
    }
    ...
}

...

dependencies {
    ...
    
    // LeanCloud 基礎包
    compile ('cn.leancloud.android:avoscloud-sdk:v4.6.4')
    // 推送與實時聊天須要的包
    compile ('cn.leancloud.android:avoscloud-push:v4.6.4@aar'){transitive = true}
}

初始化Leancloud

咱們須要在App建立後用Leancloud的AppId，AppKey進行初始化，修改MainApplication以下：android

@Override
  public void onCreate() {
    super.onCreate();
    ...
    //初始化leancloud
    AVOSCloud.initialize(this,"ppdriT1clcnRoda0okCPaB48-gzGzoHsz","Qzarq5cMdWzAMjwDW4umWpBL");
  }

接下來，在AndroidManifest.xml中配置Leancloud SDK所需的權限以及消息推送所需的service和receiver：ios

...

<!-- 基礎模塊（必須加入如下聲明）START -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<!-- 基礎模塊 END -->

<application
  ...
  android:name=".MainApplication" >
  ...

  <!-- 實時通訊模塊、推送（均須要加入如下聲明） START -->
  <!-- 實時通訊模塊、推送都要使用 PushService -->
  <service android:name="com.avos.avoscloud.PushService"/>
  <receiver android:name="com.avos.avoscloud.AVBroadcastReceiver">
    <intent-filter>
      <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
      <action android:name="android.intent.action.USER_PRESENT"/>
      <action android:name="android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE" />
    </intent-filter>
  </receiver>
  <!-- 實時通訊模塊、推送 END -->
</application>

到此，Leancloud SDK的接入完成，咱們須要測試一下SDK能不能正常使用。咱們在MainActivity.java的onCreate方法中添加代碼看能不能保存數據到Leancloud數據庫：git

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    ...
    // 測試 SDK 是否正常工做的代碼
    AVObject testObject = new AVObject("TestObject");
    testObject.put("words","Hello World!");
    testObject.saveInBackground(new SaveCallback() {
        @Override
        public void done(AVException e) {
            if(e == null){
                Log.d("saved","success!");
            }
        }
    });

    ...
}

啓動App，前往Leancloud控制檯，查看數據庫中是否多了一條TestObject的記錄，若是有說明Leancloud SDK接入成功：github

image

保存Installation

和iOS同樣，Android也須要保存installation才能讓Leancloud肯定推送到哪些設備。可是比較坑的是：Leancloud官方提供的 leancloud-installation只能正確保存iOS設備的installation。 所以咱們只能使用Android的SDK保存installation，並且咱們最好把這個方法封裝成一個native模塊暴露給js調用，以方便在保存成功或失敗後執行相應操做。數據庫

在com.leancloudpushdemo文件夾中建立PushModule.java，PushDemo繼承於ReactContextBaseJavaModule並實現ActivityEventListener接口，添加以下代碼：npm

package com.leancloudpushdemo;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import com.avos.avoscloud.AVException;
import com.avos.avoscloud.AVInstallation;
import com.avos.avoscloud.SaveCallback;
import com.facebook.react.bridge.ActivityEventListener;
import com.facebook.react.bridge.Callback;
import com.facebook.react.bridge.ReactApplicationContext;
import com.facebook.react.bridge.ReactContextBaseJavaModule;
import com.facebook.react.bridge.ReactMethod;

public class PushModule extends ReactContextBaseJavaModule implements ActivityEventListener {

    public PushModule(ReactApplicationContext reactContext) {
        super(reactContext);
    }
    
    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return "androidPushModule";
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {}

    @Override
    public void onActivityResult(Activity activity, int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {}

    /**
     * 保存installation
     */
    @ReactMethod
    public void saveInstaillation(final Callback resultCallback) {
        AVInstallation.getCurrentInstallation().saveInBackground(new SaveCallback() {
            public void done(AVException e) {
                if (e == null) {
                    // 保存成功
                    String installationId = AVInstallation.getCurrentInstallation().getInstallationId();
                    resultCallback.invoke(installationId);
                } else {
                    resultCallback.invoke();
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

接着在同一目錄下面添加PushPackage.java用於註冊PushModule模塊，代碼以下：

package com.leancloudpushdemo;

import com.facebook.react.ReactPackage;
import com.facebook.react.bridge.NativeModule;
import com.facebook.react.bridge.ReactApplicationContext;
import com.facebook.react.uimanager.ViewManager;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;


public class PushPackage implements ReactPackage {

    @Override
    public List<NativeModule> createNativeModules(ReactApplicationContext reactContext) {
        List<NativeModule> modules = new ArrayList<>();
        modules.add(new PushModule(reactContext));
        return modules;
    }

    @Override
    public List<ViewManager> createViewManagers(ReactApplicationContext reactContext) {
        return Collections.emptyList();
    }
}

而後，在MainApplication.java中的getPackages方法中增長PushPackage：

@Override
protected List<ReactPackage> getPackages() {
    return Arrays.<ReactPackage>asList(
            ...
            new PushPackage()
    );
}

接着，在咱們的PushService.js中引入PushModule並保存installation：

...
import { NativeModules } from 'react-native';
const AndroidPush = NativeModules.androidPushModule;

...
class PushService {
    
    ...
    //Android
    _an_initPush = () => {
        this._an_saveInstallation();
    }

    _an_saveInstallation = () => {
        AndroidPush.saveInstaillation((installationId) => {
            if (installationId) {
                console.log('Android installation 保存成功！');
            }
        })
    }
    ...
}

最後，在App.js中執行Android的初始化：

componentDidMount() {
    if (Platform.OS === 'ios') {
        PushService._iOS_initPush();
    } else {
        PushService._an_initPush();
    }
    MessageBarManager.registerMessageBar(this.refs.alert);
}

重啓App，前往Leancloud控制檯中查看數據庫中是否多了一條installation記錄，若是有說明保存成功：

image

若是確認代碼沒問題，可是仍是保存不成功，我建議：

  1. 重啓Android Studio
  2. 重啓React Native Packager
  3. 重啓電腦、手機。。
  4. 若是還有問題，歡迎諮詢我

實現系統推送

啓動推送服務

首先調用Leancloud SDK啓動推送服務：

PushService.setDefaultPushCallback(getReactApplicationContext(), PushHandlerActivity.class);

PushHandlerActivity爲收到通知默認打開的activity，咱們接下來實現。

PushHandlerActivity實現

該activity的定位爲接收並初步解析通知數據。咱們在com.leancloudpushdemo文件夾下添加PushHandlerActivity.java，內容以下：

package com.leancloudpushdemo;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;


public class PushHandlerActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        processPush();
        finish();
        if (!PushModule.isActive()) {  //todo：判斷PushModule是否實例化
            relaunchActivity();
        }
    }

    private void processPush() {
        try {
            Intent intent = getIntent();
            String action = intent.getAction();
            String channel = intent.getExtras().getString("com.avos.avoscloud.Channel");
            String data = intent.getExtras().getString("com.avos.avoscloud.Data");
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
            map.put("action", action);
            map.put("channel", channel);
            map.put("data", data);
            PushModule.onReceive(map); //todo：處理通知
        } catch (Exception e) {
            PushModule.onError(e); // todo：處理錯誤
        }
    }

    private void relaunchActivity() {
        PackageManager pm = getPackageManager();
        Intent launchIntent = pm.getLaunchIntentForPackage(getApplicationContext().getPackageName());
        startActivity(launchIntent);
    }
}

別忘了在AndroidManifest.xml中加上該activity：

<activity android:name=".PushHandlerActivity"></activity>

主要處理邏輯實現

PushHandlerActivity代碼中有三處todo是咱們接下來要在PushModule中實現的邏輯。關於接收到通知後如何處理，個人思路是當native module收到通知時，經過RCTDeviceEventEmitter觸發相應的Event，在js中監聽這些Event並響應，修改PushModule以下：

public class PushModule extends ReactContextBaseJavaModule implements ActivityEventListener {

    private static PushModule singleton;
    private static String ON_RECEIVE = "leancloudPushOnReceive";
    private static String ON_ERROR = "leancloudPushOnError";
    
    public PushModule(ReactApplicationContext reactContext) {
        super(reactContext);
        singleton = this;
    }
    
    ...
    
    protected static boolean isActive() {
        return singleton != null;
    }
    
    private static WritableMap getWritableMap(Map<String, String> map) {
        WritableMap writableMap = Arguments.createMap();
        writableMap.putString("action", map.get("action"));
        writableMap.putString("channel", map.get("channel"));
        writableMap.putString("data", map.get("data"));
        return writableMap;
    }

    protected static void onReceive(Map<String, String> map) {
        if (singleton != null) {
            WritableMap pushNotification = getWritableMap(map);
            DeviceEventManagerModule.RCTDeviceEventEmitter emitter = singleton.getReactApplicationContext().getJSModule(DeviceEventManagerModule.RCTDeviceEventEmitter.class);
            emitter.emit(ON_RECEIVE, pushNotification);
        }
    }

    protected static void onError(Exception e) {
        if (singleton != null) {
            WritableMap error = Arguments.createMap();
            error.putString("message", e.getLocalizedMessage());
            DeviceEventManagerModule.RCTDeviceEventEmitter emitter = singleton.getReactApplicationContext().getJSModule(DeviceEventManagerModule.RCTDeviceEventEmitter.class);
            emitter.emit(ON_ERROR, error);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> getConstants() {
        final Map<String, Object> constants = new HashMap<>();
        constants.put("ON_RECEIVE", ON_RECEIVE);
        constants.put("ON_ERROR", ON_ERROR);
        return constants;
    }
    
    ...

最後，咱們在PushService.js增長對消息通知相關事件的監聽和處理的邏輯，我選擇在保存installation成功後增長監聽：

...

import { DeviceEventEmitter } from 'react-native';

...
class PushService {
    ...
    
    _an_saveInstallation = () => {
        AndroidPush.saveInstaillation((installationId, error) => {
            if (installationId) {
                DeviceEventEmitter.addListener(AndroidPush.ON_RECEIVE, (notification) => {
                    console.log('receive android notification');
                    this._an_onNotificationTapped(notification);
                });
                DeviceEventEmitter.addListener(AndroidPush.ON_ERROR, (res) => {
                    console.log('android notification error');
                    console.log(res);
                });
            } else {
                console.log(error);
            }
        })
    }

    _an_onNotificationTapped = (notification) => {
        Alert.alert('Android Notification Tapped');
    }
}
...

如今咱們在Leancloud控制檯發送一條通知，手機應該能收到消息：

image

當點擊通知的時候，App打開並執行咱們自定義的邏輯：

image

實現App打開狀態下的推送

到目前爲止，咱們已經實現了系統級的推送，和iOS同樣，咱們但願Android App打開狀態下也能彈出通知提醒。Leancloud提供了這樣的可能，咱們能夠經過 自定義Receiver 來實現。

自定義Receiver

咱們在com.leancloudpushdemo路徑下添加CustomPushReceiver.java，代碼以下：

package com.leancloudpushdemo;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONException;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class CustomPushReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private static final String TAG = "CustomPushReceiver";
    private HandleMessage handleMessage;
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        try {
            String action = intent.getAction();
            String channel = intent.getExtras().getString("com.avos.avoscloud.Channel");
            //獲取消息內容
            String data = intent.getExtras().getString("com.avos.avoscloud.Data");
            JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(data);
            if (jsonObject != null) {
                Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
                map.put("action", action);
                map.put("channel", channel);
                map.put("data", data);
                PushModule.onCustomReceive(map); //todo: 處理通知
                if (handleMessage!=null){
                    handleMessage.receiveMessage(jsonObject);
                }
            }
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            PushModule.onError(e);
        }
    }

    interface HandleMessage{
        public void receiveMessage(JSONObject jsonObject);
    }

    public void setHandleMessage(HandleMessage handleMessage) {
        this.handleMessage = handleMessage;
    }
}

todo的方法待會兒在PushModule中實現。接着，在AndroidManifest.xml中添加custom receiver:

<receiver android:name="com.leancloudpushdemo.CustomPushReceiver">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="com.cnuip.INNER_NOTI" />
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

通知處理

而後修改PushModule以下：

public class PushModule extends ReactContextBaseJavaModule implements ActivityEventListener {
    ...
    private static String ON_CUSTOM_RECEIVE = "leancloudPushOnCustomReceive";
    
    ...
    
    protected static void onCustomReceive(Map<String, String> map) {
        if (singleton != null) {
            WritableMap pushNotification = getWritableMap(map);
            DeviceEventManagerModule.RCTDeviceEventEmitter emitter = singleton.getReactApplicationContext().getJSModule(DeviceEventManagerModule.RCTDeviceEventEmitter.class);
            emitter.emit(ON_CUSTOM_RECEIVE, pushNotification);
        }
    }

    ...
    
    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> getConstants() {
        final Map<String, Object> constants = new HashMap<>();
        constants.put("ON_RECEIVE", ON_RECEIVE);
        constants.put("ON_CUSTOM_RECEIVE", ON_CUSTOM_RECEIVE);
        constants.put("ON_ERROR", ON_ERROR);
        return constants;
    }
}

最後，修改PushService.js，增長對ON_CUSTOM_RECEIVE事件的監聽：

...
_an_saveInstallation = () => {
    AndroidPush.saveInstaillation((installationId, error) => {
        if (installationId) {
            ...
            DeviceEventEmitter.addListener(AndroidPush.ON_CUSTOM_RECEIVE, (notification) => {
                console.log('receive custom android notification');
                this._showAlert(JSON.parse(notification.data).alert);
            });
            ...
        } else {
            ...
        }
    })
}
...

同時通知的消息提也須要作相應修改，才能讓custom receiver接收到，咱們能夠用Postman來發送消息：

image

消息發出後，App中成功彈出消息提醒，完美。

image

結語

通過不懈的努力，咱們已經成功使用Leancloud實現了iOS和Android上的消息通知，第一次寫這麼長的文章仍是有點累的。。若是對你有幫助歡迎點贊！還有雖然功能都實現了，可是我想可能還會有更好的實現方式，歡迎找到的同窗分享，謝謝！

相關連接

iOS篇地址：使用Leancloud實現React Native App的消息推送（Push Notification）- iOS篇

本文Demo Github地址：https://github.com/MudOnTire/LeancloudPushDemo)

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