Python數據類型之字符串

時間 2019-11-19

原文原文鏈接

一.基本數據類型
　　整數：int
　　字符串：str(注：\t等於一個tab鍵)
　　布爾值： bool
　　列表：list
　　列表用[]
　　元祖：tuple
　　元祖用（）
　　字典：dict
注：全部的數據類型都存在想對應的類列裏python

二.字符串全部數據類型：git

基本操做：api

索引
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長度
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包含

class str(object):
    """
    str(object='') -> str
    str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str
    
    Create a new string object from the given object. If encoding or
    errors is specified, then the object must expose a data buffer
    that will be decoded using the given encoding and error handler.
    Otherwise, returns the result of object.__str__() (if defined)
    or repr(object).
    encoding defaults to sys.getdefaultencoding().
    errors defaults to 'strict'.
    """
    def capitalize(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.capitalize() -> str
        
        Return a capitalized version of S, i.e. make the first character
        have upper case and the rest lower case.（返回一個大寫版本的年代,即第一個字符，有大寫,其他小寫。）
        """
        return ""

    def casefold(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.casefold() -> str
        
        Return a version of S suitable for caseless comparisons.（返回一個版本的S適合caseless比較。）
        """
        return ""

    def center(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> str
        
        Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is
        done using the specified fill character (default is a space)（返回年代集中在一個字符串的長度寬度。填充使用指定的填充字符(默認是一個空間)）
        """
        return ""

    def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
        
        Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in
        string S[start:end].  Optional arguments start and end are
        interpreted as in slice notation.
        （返回的數量重疊出現的子串子字符串(開始:結束)。可選參數的開始和結束解釋爲片符號。）
        """
        return 0

    def encode(self, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict'): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.encode(encoding='utf-8', errors='strict') -> bytes
        
        Encode S using the codec registered for encoding. Default encoding
        is 'utf-8'. errors may be given to set a different error
        handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
        a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and
        'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with
        codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.
        """
        return b""

    def expandtabs(self, tabsize=8): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.expandtabs(tabsize=8) -> str
        
        Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.
        If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.
        （返回一個副本的年代,全部製表符使用空間擴大。若是tabsize不是,一個標籤大小8個字符。）
        """
        return ""

    def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
        
        Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
        such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
        arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
        Return -1 on failure.
        （回報指數最低的年代找到子字符串的子,這樣的子是包含在S[開始:結束]。可選參數中解釋爲開始和結束符號。）
        """
        return 0

    def format(self, *args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format
        """
        S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str
        
        Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.
        The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').
        （返回一個格式化的年代,利用參數的替換和kwargs。替換被括號(「{」和「}」)。）
        """
        pass

    def format_map(self, mapping): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.format_map(mapping) -> str
        
        Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from mapping.
        The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').
        （返回一個格式化的年代,利用映射的替換。替換被括號(「{」和「}」)。）
        """
        return ""

    def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
        
        Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
        （像S.find(),但沒有找到子字符串時提升ValueError）
        """
        return 0

    def isalnum(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.isalnum() -> bool
        
        Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric
        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
        （若是在年代全部的人物都是字母數字返回True和至少有一個角色年代,不然假。）
        """
        return False

    def isalpha(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.isalpha() -> bool
        
        Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic
        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
        （若是在年代全部的人物都是字母返回True和至少有一個角色年代,不然假。）
        """
        return False

    def isdigit(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.isdigit() -> bool
        
        Return True if all characters in S are digits
        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
        （返回True,若是在年代全部的人物都是數字和至少有一個角色年代,不然假。）
        """
        return False

    def islower(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.islower() -> bool
        
        Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is
        at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
        （返回True,若是全部S是小寫,下套管的字符至少有一個下套管在年代,不然假。）
        """
        return False

    def isnumeric(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.isnumeric() -> bool
        
        Return True if there are only numeric characters in S,
        False otherwise.
        （返回True,若是隻有數字字符,不然錯誤。）
        """
        return False

    def isprintable(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.isprintable() -> bool
        
        Return True if all characters in S are considered
        printable in repr() or S is empty, False otherwise.
        （若是在年代全部的人物都是考慮返回True，可打印在repr()或年代是空的,不然假。）
        """
        return False

    def isspace(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.isspace() -> bool
        
        Return True if all characters in S are whitespace
        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
        （返回True,若是在年代全部的人物都是空白和至少有一個角色年代,不然假。）
        """
        return False

    def istitle(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.istitle() -> bool
        
        Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one
        character in S, i.e. upper- and titlecase characters may only
        follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones.
        Return False otherwise.
        （返回True,若是S titlecased字符串和至少有一個個性的年代,即上,可能只titlecase字符遵循外露的字符和小寫字符只下套管。不然返回假。）
        """
        return False

    def isupper(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.isupper() -> bool
        
        Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is
        at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
        （返回True,若是全部S是大寫,下套管的字符至少有一個下套管在年代,不然假。）
        """
        return False

    def join(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.join(iterable) -> str
        
        Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the
        iterable.  The separator between elements is S.
        （返回一個字符串的鏈接字符串iterable。元素之間的分隔符是S。）
        """
        return ""

    def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> str
        
        Return S left-justified in a Unicode string of length width. Padding is
        done using the specified fill character (default is a space).
        （返回年代左對齊的Unicode字符串的長度寬度。填充使用指定的填充字符(默認值是一個空格)。）
        """
        return ""

    def lower(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.lower() -> str
        
        Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.
        （返回的字符串轉換爲小寫。）
        """
        return ""

    def lstrip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.lstrip([chars]) -> str
        
        Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.
        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
        （返回字符串的副本刪除前導空白。若是字符而不是沒有,刪除字符字符代替。）
        """
        return ""

    def partition(self, sep): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
        
        Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,
        the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not
        found, return S and two empty strings.
        （搜索分離器sep的年代,並返回以前的部分同樣,分隔符自己,後一部分。若是分隔符發現,還和兩個空字符串。）
        """
        pass

    def replace(self, old, new, count=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> str
        
        Return a copy of S with all occurrences of substring
        old replaced by new.  If the optional argument count is
        given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.
        （返回一個年代出現的全部子字符串的副本老被新的取代。若是可選參數計數,只替換第一計數。）
        """
        return ""

    def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.rfind(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
        
        Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,
        such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
        arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.     
        Return -1 on failure.
        （回報最高的指數在年代找到子字符串的子,這樣的子是包含在S[開始:結束]。可選參數中解釋爲開始和結束符號。）  
        """
        return 0

    def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.rindex(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
        
        Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
        （像S.rfind(),但沒有找到子字符串時提升ValueError。）
        """
        return 0

    def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> str
        
        Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
        done using the specified fill character (default is a space).
        （返回右對齊的在一個字符串的長度寬度。填充使用指定的填充字符(默認值是一個空格)）
        """
        return ""

    def rpartition(self, sep): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
        
        Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return
        the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the
        separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.
        （尋找分離器在年代,9月開始的年代,並返回以前的部分同樣,分離器自己,後一部分。若是沒有找到分隔符,返回兩個空字符串和年代。）
        """
        pass

    def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=-1): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.rsplit(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings
        
        Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the
        delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and
        working to the front.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
        splits are done. If sep is not specified, any whitespace string
        is a separator.
        （返回一個列表的單詞,使用9月做爲分隔符字符串,字符串的結束和開始工做到前面來。若是maxsplit,最多maxsplit分割完成。若是沒有指定9月,任何空白字符串是一個分隔符。）
        """
        return []

    def rstrip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.rstrip([chars]) -> str
        
        Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.
        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
        （返回一個字符串的副本年代尾隨空格移除。若是字符而不是沒有,刪除字符字符代替。）
        """
        return ""

    def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=-1): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.split(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings
        
        Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the
        delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
        splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any
        whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are
        removed from the result.
        （返回一個列表的單詞,使用9月做爲
        分隔符的字符串。若是maxsplit,最多maxsplit
        分割完成。若是沒有指定9月或沒有,
        空白字符串分隔符和空字符串
        從結果中刪除。）
        """
        return []

    def splitlines(self, keepends=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.splitlines([keepends]) -> list of strings
        
        Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.
        Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends
        is given and true.（返回一個列表的行,行打破界限。換行符不包括在結果列表,除非keepends和真正的。）
        """
        return []

    def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
        
        Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.
        With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
        With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
        prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
        （返回True,若是年代始於指定的前綴,不然假。
          可選的開始,測試年代開始在那個位置。
          帶有可選結束,中止比較年代在那個位置。
          前綴也能夠嘗試一個元組的字符串。）
        """
        return False

    def strip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.strip([chars]) -> str
        
        Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing
        whitespace removed.
        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.（返回字符串的副本與前導和尾隨空格移除。若是字符而不是沒有,刪除字符字符代替。）
        """
        return ""

    def swapcase(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.swapcase() -> str
        
        Return a copy of S with uppercase characters converted to lowercase
        and vice versa.（返回一個副本的年代大寫字符轉換爲小寫反之亦然）
        """
        return ""

    def title(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.title() -> str
        
        Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with title case
        characters, all remaining cased characters have lower case.（返回一個titlecased版本的年代,即單詞從標題開始字符,全部剩餘的下套管字符小寫）
        """
        return ""

    def translate(self, table): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.translate(table) -> str
        
        Return a copy of the string S in which each character has been mapped
        through the given translation table. The table must implement
        lookup/indexing via __getitem__, for instance a dictionary or list,
        mapping Unicode ordinals to Unicode ordinals, strings, or None. If
        this operation raises LookupError, the character is left untouched.
        Characters mapped to None are deleted.（返回的字符串的每一個字符被映射經過給定的轉換表。
        表必須實現經過__getitem__查找/索引,例如字典或列表,Unicode依次映射到Unicode序數、字符串或沒有。
        若是此操做提出了LookupError,字符保持不變）
        """
        return ""

    def upper(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.upper() -> str
        
        Return a copy of S converted to uppercase.（返回一個副本年代轉換爲大寫）
        """
        return ""

    def zfill(self, width): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.zfill(width) -> str
        
        Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field
        of the specified width. The string S is never truncated.（墊一個數字字符串與0年代在左邊,填補一個字段指定的寬度。字符串年代不會截斷。）
        """
        return ""

    def __add__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self+value. """
        pass

    def __contains__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return key in self. """
        pass

    def __eq__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self==value. """
        pass

    def __format__(self, format_spec): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        S.__format__(format_spec) -> str
        
        Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.
        """
        return ""

    def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return getattr(self, name). """
        pass

    def __getitem__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self[key]. """
        pass

    def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    def __ge__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self>=value. """
        pass

    def __gt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self>value. """
        pass

    def __hash__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return hash(self). """
        pass

    def __init__(self, value='', encoding=None, errors='strict'): # known special case of str.__init__
        """
        str(object='') -> str
        str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str
        
        Create a new string object from the given object. If encoding or
        errors is specified, then the object must expose a data buffer
        that will be decoded using the given encoding and error handler.
        Otherwise, returns the result of object.__str__() (if defined)
        or repr(object).
        encoding defaults to sys.getdefaultencoding().
        errors defaults to 'strict'.
        # (copied from class doc)
        """
        pass

    def __iter__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Implement iter(self). """
        pass

    def __len__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return len(self). """
        pass

    def __le__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self<=value. """
        pass

    def __lt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self<value. """
        pass

    def __mod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self%value. """
        pass

    def __mul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self*value.n """
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass

    def __ne__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self!=value. """
        pass

    def __repr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return repr(self). """
        pass

    def __rmod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return value%self. """
        pass

    def __rmul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self*value. """
        pass

    def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes """
        pass

    def __str__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return str(self). """
        pass


class super(object):
    """
    super() -> same as super(__class__, <first argument>)
    super(type) -> unbound super object
    super(type, obj) -> bound super object; requires isinstance(obj, type)
    super(type, type2) -> bound super object; requires issubclass(type2, type)
    Typical use to call a cooperative superclass method:
    class C(B):
        def meth(self, arg):
            super().meth(arg)
    This works for class methods too:
    class C(B):
        @classmethod
        def cmeth(cls, arg):
            super().cmeth(arg)
    """
    def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return getattr(self, name). """
        pass

    def __get__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return an attribute of instance, which is of type owner. """
        pass

    def __init__(self, type1=None, type2=None): # known special case of super.__init__
        """
        super() -> same as super(__class__, <first argument>)
        super(type) -> unbound super object
        super(type, obj) -> bound super object; requires isinstance(obj, type)
        super(type, type2) -> bound super object; requires issubclass(type2, type)
        Typical use to call a cooperative superclass method:
        class C(B):
            def meth(self, arg):
                super().meth(arg)
        This works for class methods too:
        class C(B):
            @classmethod
            def cmeth(cls, arg):
                super().cmeth(arg)
        
        # (copied from class doc)
        """
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass

    def __repr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return repr(self). """
        pass

    __self_class__ = property(lambda self: type(object))
    """the type of the instance invoking super(); may be None

    :type: type
    """

    __self__ = property(lambda self: type(object))
    """the instance invoking super(); may be None

    :type: type
    """

    __thisclass__ = property(lambda self: type(object))
    """the class invoking super()

    :type: type
    """



class SyntaxWarning(Warning):
    """ Base class for warnings about dubious syntax. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass


class SystemError(Exception):
    """
    Internal error in the Python interpreter.
    
    Please report this to the Python maintainer, along with the traceback,
    the Python version, and the hardware/OS platform and version.
    """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass


class SystemExit(BaseException):
    """ Request to exit from the interpreter. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    code = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception code"""



class TabError(IndentationError):
    """ Improper mixture of spaces and tabs. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass


class TimeoutError(OSError):
    """ Timeout expired. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass


class tuple(object):
    """
    tuple() -> empty tuple
    tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items
    
    If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object.
    """
    def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ T.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """
        return 0

    def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        T.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.
        Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
        """
        return 0

    def __add__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self+value. """
        pass

    def __contains__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return key in self. """
        pass

    def __eq__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self==value. """
        pass

    def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return getattr(self, name). """
        pass

    def __getitem__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self[key]. """
        pass

    def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    def __ge__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self>=value. """
        pass

    def __gt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self>value. """
        pass

    def __hash__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return hash(self). """
        pass

    def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of tuple.__init__
        """
        tuple() -> empty tuple
        tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items
        
        If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object.
        # (copied from class doc)
        """
        pass

    def __iter__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Implement iter(self). """
        pass

    def __len__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return len(self). """
        pass

    def __le__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self<=value. """
        pass

    def __lt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self<value. """
        pass

    def __mul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self*value.n """
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass

    def __ne__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self!=value. """
        pass

    def __repr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return repr(self). """
        pass

    def __rmul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return self*value. """
        pass


class type(object):
    """
    type(object_or_name, bases, dict)
    type(object) -> the object's type
    type(name, bases, dict) -> a new type
    """
    def mro(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        mro() -> list
        return a type's method resolution order
        """
        return []

    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Call self as a function. """
        pass

    def __delattr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Implement delattr(self, name). """
        pass

    def __dir__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        __dir__() -> list
        specialized __dir__ implementation for types
        """
        return []

    def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return getattr(self, name). """
        pass

    def __init__(cls, what, bases=None, dict=None): # known special case of type.__init__
        """
        type(object_or_name, bases, dict)
        type(object) -> the object's type
        type(name, bases, dict) -> a new type
        # (copied from class doc)
        """
        pass

    def __instancecheck__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        __instancecheck__() -> bool
        check if an object is an instance
        """
        return False

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass

    def __prepare__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        __prepare__() -> dict
        used to create the namespace for the class statement
        """
        return {}

    def __repr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return repr(self). """
        pass

    def __setattr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Implement setattr(self, name, value). """
        pass

    def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        __sizeof__() -> int
        return memory consumption of the type object
        """
        return 0

    def __subclasscheck__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """
        __subclasscheck__() -> bool
        check if a class is a subclass
        """
        return False

    def __subclasses__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        """ __subclasses__() -> list of immediate subclasses """
        return []

    __abstractmethods__ = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default


    __bases__ = (
        object,
    )
    __base__ = object
    __basicsize__ = 864
    __dictoffset__ = 264
    __dict__ = None # (!) real value is ''
    __flags__ = -2146675712
    __itemsize__ = 40
    __mro__ = (
        None, # (!) forward: type, real value is ''
        object,
    )
    __name__ = 'type'
    __qualname__ = 'type'
    __text_signature__ = None
    __weakrefoffset__ = 368


class TypeError(Exception):
    """ Inappropriate argument type. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass


class UnboundLocalError(NameError):
    """ Local name referenced but not bound to a value. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass


class ValueError(Exception):
    """ Inappropriate argument value (of correct type). """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass


class UnicodeError(ValueError):
    """ Unicode related error. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass


class UnicodeDecodeError(UnicodeError):
    """ Unicode decoding error. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass

    def __str__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return str(self). """
        pass

    encoding = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception encoding"""

    end = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception end"""

    object = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception object"""

    reason = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception reason"""

    start = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception start"""



class UnicodeEncodeError(UnicodeError):
    """ Unicode encoding error. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass

    def __str__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return str(self). """
        pass

    encoding = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception encoding"""

    end = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception end"""

    object = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception object"""

    reason = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception reason"""

    start = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception start"""



class UnicodeTranslateError(UnicodeError):
    """ Unicode translation error. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass

    def __str__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return str(self). """
        pass

    encoding = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception encoding"""

    end = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception end"""

    object = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception object"""

    reason = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception reason"""

    start = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """exception start"""



class UnicodeWarning(Warning):
    """
    Base class for warnings about Unicode related problems, mostly
    related to conversion problems.
    """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass


class UserWarning(Warning):
    """ Base class for warnings generated by user code. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass


class ZeroDivisionError(ArithmeticError):
    """ Second argument to a division or modulo operation was zero. """
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass


class zip(object):
    """
    zip(iter1 [,iter2 [...]]) --> zip object
    
    Return a zip object whose .__next__() method returns a tuple where
    the i-th element comes from the i-th iterable argument.  The .__next__()
    method continues until the shortest iterable in the argument sequence
    is exhausted and then it raises StopIteration.
    """
    def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return getattr(self, name). """
        pass

    def __init__(self, iter1, iter2=None, *some): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
        pass

    def __iter__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Implement iter(self). """
        pass

    @staticmethod # known case of __new__
    def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. """
        pass

    def __next__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Implement next(self). """
        pass

    def __reduce__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return state information for pickling. """
        pass


class __loader__(object):
    """
    Meta path import for built-in modules.
    
        All methods are either class or static methods to avoid the need to
        instantiate the class.
    """
    def create_module(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Create a built-in module """
        pass

    def exec_module(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Exec a built-in module """
        pass

    def find_module(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """
        Find the built-in module.
        
                If 'path' is ever specified then the search is considered a failure.
        
                This method is deprecated.  Use find_spec() instead.
        """
        pass

    def find_spec(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    def get_code(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return None as built-in modules do not have code objects. """
        pass

    def get_source(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return None as built-in modules do not have source code. """
        pass

    def is_package(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """ Return False as built-in modules are never packages. """
        pass

    def load_module(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        """
        Load the specified module into sys.modules and return it.
        
            This method is deprecated.  Use loader.exec_module instead.
        """
        pass

    def module_repr(module): # reliably restored by inspect
        """
        Return repr for the module.
        
                The method is deprecated.  The import machinery does the job itself.
        """
        pass

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
        pass

    __weakref__ = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default
    """list of weak references to the object (if defined)"""


    __dict__ = None # (!) real value is ''


# variables with complex values

Ellipsis = None # (!) real value is ''

NotImplemented = None # (!) real value is ''

__spec__ = None # (!) real value is ''

str

三.全部字符串數據類型舉例app

#變量名字變大寫
tmp = "zhangyanlin"
tmp_new = tmp.upper()
print(tmp_new)

# 輸出全部字符定義的全部類型
tmp.upper()
print(dir(tmp))
#['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__getnewargs__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 'capitalize', 'casefold', 'center', 'count', 'encode', 'endswith', 'expandtabs', 'find', 'format', 'format_map', 'index', 'isalnum', 'isalpha', 'isdecimal', 'isdigit', 'isidentifier', 'islower', 'isnumeric', 'isprintable', 'isspace', 'istitle', 'isupper', 'join', 'ljust', 'lower', 'lstrip', 'maketrans', 'partition', 'replace', 'rfind', 'rindex', 'rjust', 'rpartition', 'rsplit', 'rstrip', 'split', 'splitlines', 'startswith', 'strip', 'swapcase', 'title', 'translate', 'upper', 'zfill']

#把首字母變成大寫
u1 = "zhang"
u2 = u1.capitalize()
print(u2)

#20定義20個位，不夠用_補全。
u1 = "zhang"
u2 = u1.center(20 ,'_')
print(u2)

#看zh在前10位出現了幾回
u1 = "zhangyanlin is zhgod"
u2 = u1.count('zh',0, 10)
print(u2)

#獲取字符串中大於等於0的位置，小於2的位置
u1 = "zhang"
print(u1.endswith('h',0,2))

#將tab轉換成空格
u1 = "zhang\t123"
print(u1.expandtabs(20))

#找位數,相同只能找第一個出現的，沒有想應得會反饋-1
u1 = "zhang hello"
print(u1.find('h'))

#站位符0和1是表明站位符
u1 = "name {0}, age {1}"
print(u1.format("zhang",18))


u1 = " zhang is yan "


#判斷是不是字母
print(u1.isalpha())

#判斷是不是數字
print(u1.isdigit())

#判斷是不是字母和數字
print(u1.isalnum())

#判斷是不是小寫
print(u1.islower())

#判斷是不是空格
print(u1.isspace())

#判斷是否是標題
print(u1.istitle())

#判斷是否是所有都是大寫
print(u1.isupper())

#把列表裏的內容鏈接一塊兒
print("_".join(u1))

#內容左對齊，右側填充
print(u1.ljust(1))

#內容變小寫
print(u1.lower())

#移除左邊的空格
print(u1.lstrip())

#移除右邊的空格
print(u1.rstrip())

#把有空格的內容分割,變成元祖類型，從左找；rpartition從右開始分割
print(u1.partition('is'))

#替換,後面能夠加替換幾個，從左往右
print(u1.replace('zh','ZH'))

#找到一個字符分割,從右，split從左分割
print(u1.rsplit('a',1))

#是否以某個字符串開始開始
print(u1.startswith('z'))

#移除兩邊空格（strip）
print(u1.strip())

#大寫變小寫，小寫變大寫
print(u1.swapcase())

#變大寫（upper）
print(u1.upper())

四.索引less

u1 = "zhangyanlin"
print(u1[0])
print(u1[1])
print(u1[2])
print(u1[3])
print(u1[4])
print(u1[5])

五.切片ssh

#切出zhan,注：0是表明第一位，4表明小於四，知道第三個數
u1 = "zhangyanlin"
print(u1[0:4])

六.循環切片ide

1.while使用oop

u1 = "zhangyanlin"
u2 = 0
while u2 < len(u1):
    print(u1[u2])
    u2+=1

2.for使用測試

#循環切片
u1 = "zhangyanlin"
for u2 in u1:
    print(u2)

#循環切片，輸出除了y
u1 ="zhangyanlin"
for u2 in u1:
    if u2 =="y":
        continue
    print(u2)

#循環切片，輸出到y後不執行
u1 ="zhangyanlin"
for u2 in u1:
    if u2 =="y":
        break
    print(u2)

字符串格式化ui

Python的字符串格式化有兩種方式: 百分號方式、format方式

百分號的方式相對來講比較老，而format方式則是比較先進的方式，企圖替換古老的方式，目前二者並存。[PEP-3101]

This PEP proposes a new system for built-in string formatting operations, intended as a replacement for the existing '%' string formatting operator.

一、百分號方式

%[(name)][flags][width].[precision]typecode

(name) 可選，用於選擇指定的key
flags 可選，可供選擇的值有:
- + 右對齊；正數前加正好，負數前加負號；
- - 左對齊；正數前無符號，負數前加負號；
- 空格右對齊；正數前加空格，負數前加負號；
- 0 右對齊；正數前無符號，負數前加負號；用0填充空白處
width 可選，佔有寬度
.precision 可選，小數點後保留的位數
typecode 必選
- s，獲取傳入對象的__str__方法的返回值，並將其格式化到指定位置
- r，獲取傳入對象的__repr__方法的返回值，並將其格式化到指定位置
- c，整數：將數字轉換成其unicode對應的值，10進制範圍爲 0 <= i <= 1114111（py27則只支持0-255）；字符：將字符添加到指定位置
- o，將整數轉換成八進製表示，並將其格式化到指定位置
- x，將整數轉換成十六進制表示，並將其格式化到指定位置
- d，將整數、浮點數轉換成十進製表示，並將其格式化到指定位置
- e，將整數、浮點數轉換成科學計數法，並將其格式化到指定位置（小寫e）
- E，將整數、浮點數轉換成科學計數法，並將其格式化到指定位置（大寫E）
- f，將整數、浮點數轉換成浮點數表示，並將其格式化到指定位置（默認保留小數點後6位）
- F，同上
- g，自動調整將整數、浮點數轉換成浮點型或科學計數法表示（超過6位數用科學計數法），並將其格式化到指定位置（若是是科學計數則是e；）
- G，自動調整將整數、浮點數轉換成浮點型或科學計數法表示（超過6位數用科學計數法），並將其格式化到指定位置（若是是科學計數則是E；）
- %，當字符串中存在格式化標誌時，須要用 %%表示一個百分號

注：Python中百分號格式化是不存在自動將整數轉換成二進制表示的方式

經常使用格式化：

tpl = "i am %s" % "alex"
 
tpl = "i am %s age %d" % ("alex", 18)
 
tpl = "i am %(name)s age %(age)d" % {"name": "alex", "age": 18}
 
tpl = "percent %.2f" % 99.97623
 
tpl = "i am %(pp).2f" % {"pp": 123.425556, }
 
tpl = "i am %.2f %%" % {"pp": 123.425556, }

二、Format方式

[[fill]align][sign][#][0][width][,][.precision][type]

fill 【可選】空白處填充的字符
align 【可選】對齊方式（需配合width使用）

<，內容左對齊
>，內容右對齊(默認)
＝，內容右對齊，將符號放置在填充字符的左側，且只對數字類型有效。即便：符號+填充物+數字
^，內容居中

sign 【可選】有無符號數字
- +，正號加正，負號加負；
- -，正號不變，負號加負；
- 空格，正號空格，負號加負；
# 【可選】對於二進制、八進制、十六進制，若是加上#，會顯示 0b/0o/0x，不然不顯示
，【可選】爲數字添加分隔符，如：1,000,000
width 【可選】格式化位所佔寬度
.precision 【可選】小數位保留精度
type 【可選】格式化類型
- 傳入」字符串類型「的參數
  - s，格式化字符串類型數據
  - 空白，未指定類型，則默認是None，同s
- 傳入「整數類型」的參數
  - b，將10進制整數自動轉換成2進製表示而後格式化
  - c，將10進制整數自動轉換爲其對應的unicode字符
  - d，十進制整數
  - o，將10進制整數自動轉換成8進製表示而後格式化；
  - x，將10進制整數自動轉換成16進製表示而後格式化（小寫x）
  - X，將10進制整數自動轉換成16進製表示而後格式化（大寫X）
- 傳入「浮點型或小數類型」的參數
  - e，轉換爲科學計數法（小寫e）表示，而後格式化；
  - E，轉換爲科學計數法（大寫E）表示，而後格式化;
  - f ，轉換爲浮點型（默認小數點後保留6位）表示，而後格式化；
  - F，轉換爲浮點型（默認小數點後保留6位）表示，而後格式化；
  - g，自動在e和f中切換
  - G，自動在E和F中切換
  - %，顯示百分比（默認顯示小數點後6位）

經常使用格式化：

tpl = "i am {}, age {}, {}".format("seven", 18, 'alex')
  
tpl = "i am {}, age {}, {}".format(*["seven", 18, 'alex'])
  
tpl = "i am {0}, age {1}, really {0}".format("seven", 18)
  
tpl = "i am {0}, age {1}, really {0}".format(*["seven", 18])
  
tpl = "i am {name}, age {age}, really {name}".format(name="seven", age=18)
  
tpl = "i am {name}, age {age}, really {name}".format(**{"name": "seven", "age": 18})
  
tpl = "i am {0[0]}, age {0[1]}, really {0[2]}".format([1, 2, 3], [11, 22, 33])
  
tpl = "i am {:s}, age {:d}, money {:f}".format("seven", 18, 88888.1)
  
tpl = "i am {:s}, age {:d}".format(*["seven", 18])
  
tpl = "i am {name:s}, age {age:d}".format(name="seven", age=18)
  
tpl = "i am {name:s}, age {age:d}".format(**{"name": "seven", "age": 18})
 
tpl = "numbers: {:b},{:o},{:d},{:x},{:X}, {:%}".format(15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15.87623, 2)
 
tpl = "numbers: {:b},{:o},{:d},{:x},{:X}, {:%}".format(15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15.87623, 2)
 
tpl = "numbers: {0:b},{0:o},{0:d},{0:x},{0:X}, {0:%}".format(15)
 
tpl = "numbers: {num:b},{num:o},{num:d},{num:x},{num:X}, {num:%}".format(num=15)