FFmpeg結構體完全分析——AVPacket

/**
 * This structure stores compressed data. It is typically exported by demuxers
 * and then passed as input to decoders, or received as output from encoders and
 * then passed to muxers.
 *AVPacket就是一個存儲壓縮以後的數據的結構體。1 由demuxer產生傳給decoder；或者2 從encoder接收傳給muxer
 * For video, it should typically contain one compressed frame. For audio it may
 * contain several compressed frames.對於視頻對應一幀，對於音頻對應多幀
 *
 * AVPacket is one of the few structs in FFmpeg, whose size is a part of public
 * ABI. Thus it may be allocated on stack and no new fields can be added to it
 * without libavcodec and libavformat major bump.
 *
 * The semantics of data ownership depends on the buf or destruct (deprecated)
 * fields. If either is set, the packet data is dynamically allocated and is
 * valid indefinitely until av_free_packet() is called (which in turn calls  
 * av_buffer_unref()/the destruct callback to free the data). If neither is set,
 * the packet data is typically backed by some static buffer somewhere and is
 * only valid for a limited time (e.g. until the next read call when demuxing).
 *
 * The side data is always allocated with av_malloc() and is freed in
 * av_free_packet().
 */

packet的數據是動態分配而且直到av_free_packet()被調用以前還有效。

它的旁路數據老是由av_malloc()分配而且用av_free_pakcet()來釋放。
typedef struct AVPacket {
    /**
     * A reference to the reference-counted buffer where the packet data is
     * stored.
     * May be NULL, then the packet data is not reference-counted.
     */
    AVBufferRef *buf;
    /**
     * Presentation timestamp in AVStream->time_base units; the time at which
     * the decompressed packet will be presented to the user.
     * Can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if it is not stored in the file.
     * pts MUST be larger or equal to dts as presentation cannot happen before
     * decompression, unless one wants to view hex dumps. Some formats misuse
     * the terms dts and pts/cts to mean something different. Such timestamps
     * must be converted to true pts/dts before they are stored in AVPacket.
     */
    int64_t pts;//呈現給用戶的時間戳
    /**
     * Decompression timestamp in AVStream->time_base units; the time at which
     * the packet is decompressed.
     * Can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if it is not stored in the file.
     */
    int64_t dts;//解壓縮的時間戳
    uint8_t *data;//數據，特別注意在解碼的時候每次用av_read_frame()讀完一幀到AVPacket以後要用av_free_packet()函數來釋放掉數據一次，纔去讀下一幀
    int   size;//數據的大小
    int   stream_index;//標誌流的index
    /**
     * A combination of AV_PKT_FLAG values
     */
    int   flags;
    /**
     * Additional packet data that can be provided by the container.
     * Packet can contain several types of side information.
     */
    AVPacketSideData *side_data;
    int side_data_elems;

    /**
     * Duration of this packet in AVStream->time_base units, 0 if unknown.
     * Equals next_pts - this_pts in presentation order.
     */
    int   duration;
#if FF_API_DESTRUCT_PACKET
    attribute_deprecated
    void  (*destruct)(struct AVPacket *);
    attribute_deprecated
    void  *priv;
#endif
    int64_t pos;                            ///< byte position in stream, -1 if unknown

    /**
     * Time difference in AVStream->time_base units from the pts of this
     * packet to the point at which the output from the decoder has converged
     * independent from the availability of previous frames. That is, the
     * frames are virtually identical no matter if decoding started from
     * the very first frame or from this keyframe.
     * Is AV_NOPTS_VALUE if unknown.
     * This field is not the display duration of the current packet.
     * This field has no meaning if the packet does not have AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY
     * set.
     *
     * The purpose of this field is to allow seeking in streams that have no
     * keyframes in the conventional sense. It corresponds to the
     * recovery point SEI in H.264 and match_time_delta in NUT. It is also
     * essential for some types of subtitle streams to ensure that all
     * subtitles are correctly displayed after seeking.
     */
    int64_t convergence_duration;
} AVPacket;