ElasticSearch URI Search 舉例

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ElasticSearch URI Search 舉例

Elasticsearch 中查詢使用的 DSL(特定查詢語言) 相信你們都使用過. 除此以外 Elasticsearch 還能夠經過 uri 進行查詢條件指定.

雖然功能不及DSL強大,但也不妨多多瞭解一下.

基本查詢

故事從一條查詢開始:

GET /movies/_search?q=2012&df=title&sort=year:desc&from=0&size=10&timeout=1s

從上面能夠看出,包含如下參數:

• q 指定查詢語句，使用 query string syntax
• df 默認字段，不指定是會對全部字段進行查詢
• sort 排序 / from 和 size 用於分頁
• profile 能夠查看查詢是如何被執行的

查詢字段語法

• { "profile":"true" } 展現查詢執行計劃
• 指定字段查詢 vs 泛查詢: q=title:2012 / q=2012
• Term vs Phrase
  • Beautiful Mind 等效於 or查詢
  • "Beautiful Mind" 等效於 and查詢
  • Phrase 要求先後順序保存一致
• 分組和引號
  • title:(Beautiful Mind) 分組表示 必定要一塊兒出現
  • title="Beautiful Mind" Phrase 表示 必定要一塊兒出現 且 按順序
• 布爾操做
  • AND / OR / NOT 或者 && / || / !
    • 必須大寫
• 分組
  • • 表示 must
  • • 表示 must_not
  • title:(+matrix -reloaded) 必需要有 matrix，且（由於是分組）不能有reloaded
• 範圍查詢
  • 區間表示：[] 閉區間,{}開區間
    • year:>=1980
    • year:{2019 TO 2018}
    • year:[* TO 2019]
• 算數符號
  • year:>2010
  • year:(>2010 && <=2018)
  • year:(+>2010 +<=2018>)
• 通配符（查詢效率低，佔用內存大，不建議使用。特別是放在最前面）
  • ? 表明一個字符，* 表明 0 或 多個字符
• 正則表達
  • title:[bt]oy
• 模糊匹配與近似查詢
  • title:befutifl~1
  • title:"lord rings"~2

具體操做

# 基本查詢
GET /movies/_search?q=2012&df=title&sort=year:desc&from=0&size=10&timeout=1s

# 帶profile, 展現執行計劃
GET /movies/_search?q=2012&df=title
{
	"profile":"true"
}

================== 返回結果 ==================
{
  "took" : 76,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 5,
    "successful" : 5,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "max_score" : 4.1047716,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "tag",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "hFpZH3sBgpUFltoIW7vi",
        "_score" : 4.1047716,
        "_source" : {
          "memberId" : 618,
          "phone" : "15321761517",
          "sex" : "1",
          "channel" : 4,
          "subOpenId" : "gcik-4nwr9lsy7pv",
          "address" : 618,
          "regTime" : "2019-11-22",
          "orderCount" : 3,
          "orderTime" : "2019-11-22",
          "orderMoney" : 7546.0,
          "favGoods" : [
            2,
            11,
            16
          ],
          "couponTimes" : [
            "2019-11-25",
            "2019-11-27",
            "2019-11-13"
          ],
          "chargeMoney" : 25.0,
          "overTime" : 2100
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "profile" : {
    "shards" : [
      {
        "id" : "[0tHjuZtUQMeFyRCWlNgK4w][tag][0]",
        "searches" : [
          {
            "query" : [
              {
                "type" : "TermQuery",
                "description" : "subOpenId:gcik",
                "time_in_nanos" : 237449,
                "breakdown" : {
                  "score" : 0,
                  "build_scorer_count" : 8,
                  "match_count" : 0,
                  "create_weight" : 231939,
                  "next_doc" : 0,
                  "match" : 0,
                  "create_weight_count" : 1,
                  "next_doc_count" : 0,
                  "score_count" : 0,
                  "build_scorer" : 5501,
                  "advance" : 0,
                  "advance_count" : 0
                }
              }
            ],
            "rewrite_time" : 3399,
            "collector" : [
              {
                "name" : "CancellableCollector",
                "reason" : "search_cancelled",
                "time_in_nanos" : 81522,
                "children" : [
                  {
                    "name" : "SimpleTopScoreDocCollector",
                    "reason" : "search_top_hits",
                    "time_in_nanos" : 64422
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "aggregations" : [ ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "[0tHjuZtUQMeFyRCWlNgK4w][tag][1]",
        "searches" : [
          {
            "query" : [
              ......
            ],
            "rewrite_time" : 3546,
            "collector" : [
              ......
            ]
          }
        ],
        "aggregations" : [ ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "[0tHjuZtUQMeFyRCWlNgK4w][tag][2]",
        "searches" : [
          {
            "query" : [
              ......
              }
            ],
            "rewrite_time" : 4308,
            "collector" : [
              ......
            ]
          }
        ],
        "aggregations" : [ ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "[0tHjuZtUQMeFyRCWlNgK4w][tag][3]",
        "searches" : [
          {
            "query" : [
              ......
            ],
            "rewrite_time" : 3412,
            "collector" : [
              ......
            ]
          }
        ],
        "aggregations" : [ ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "[0tHjuZtUQMeFyRCWlNgK4w][tag][4]",
        "searches" : [
          {
            "query" : [
              ......
            ],
            "rewrite_time" : 22285,
            "collector" : [
              ......
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "aggregations" : [ ]
      }
    ]
  }
}
複製代碼

其餘 URI 查詢

# 泛查詢，正對_all,全部字段
GET /movies/_search?q=2012
{
	"profile":"true"
}

# 指定字段
GET /movies/_search?q=title:2012&sort=year:desc&from=0&size=10&timeout=1s
{
	"profile":"true"
}


# 查找美麗心靈, Mind爲泛查詢
GET /movies/_search?q=title:Beautiful Mind
{
	"profile":"true"
}

# 泛查詢
GET /movies/_search?q=title:2012
{
	"profile":"true"
}

# 使用引號，Phrase查詢
GET /movies/_search?q=title:"Beautiful Mind"
{
	"profile":"true"
}

# 分組，Bool查詢
GET /movies/_search?q=title:(Beautiful Mind)
{
	"profile":"true"
}


# 布爾操做符
# 查找美麗心靈
GET /movies/_search?q=title:(Beautiful AND Mind)
{
	"profile":"true"
}

# 查找美麗心靈
GET /movies/_search?q=title:(Beautiful NOT Mind)
{
	"profile":"true"
}

# 查找美麗心靈
GET /movies/_search?q=title:(Beautiful %2BMind)
{
	"profile":"true"
}


# 範圍查詢 ,區間寫法
GET /movies/_search?q=title:beautiful AND year:[2002 TO 2018%7D
{
	"profile":"true"
}


# 通配符查詢
GET /movies/_search?q=title:b*
{
	"profile":"true"
}

# 模糊匹配&近似度匹配
GET /movies/_search?q=title:beautifl~1
{
	"profile":"true"
}

GET /movies/_search?q=title:"Lord Rings"~2
{
	"profile":"true"
}


複製代碼

相關閱讀

• www.elastic.co/guide/en/el…
• www.elastic.co/guide/en/el…