hadoop搭建與eclipse開發環境設置

hadoop搭建與eclipse開發環境設置(轉)

                                                        

1.    Windows下eclipse開發環境配置

1.1 安裝開發hadoop插件

         將hadoop安裝包hadoop\contrib\eclipse-plugin\hadoop-0.20.2-eclipse-plugin.jar拷貝到eclipse的插件目錄plugins下。java

  須要注意的是插件版本(及後面開發導入的全部jar包)與運行的hadoop一致,不然可能會出現EOFException異常。node

 

重啓eclipse,打開windows->open perspective->other->map/reduce 能夠看到map/reduce開發視圖。apache

 

1.2 設置鏈接參數

    打開windows->show view->other-> map/reduce Locations視圖,在點擊大象後彈出的對話框(General tab)進行參數的添加:windows

 

 

         參數說明以下:安全

         Location name:任意服務器

         map/reduce master:與mapred-site.xml裏面mapred.job.tracker設置一致。app

DFS master:與core-site.xml裏fs.default.name設置一致。eclipse

User name: 服務器上運行hadoop服務的用戶名。ide

 

       而後是打開「Advanced parameters」設置面板,修改相應參數。上面的參數填寫之後,也會反映到這裏相應的參數:函數

主要關注下面幾個參數:

fs.defualt.name:與core-site.xml裏fs.default.name設置一致。

mapred.job.tracker:與mapred-site.xml裏面mapred.job.tracker設置一致。

dfs.replication:與hdfs-site.xml裏面的dfs.replication一致。

hadoop.tmp.dir:與core-site.xml裏hadoop.tmp.dir設置一致。

hadoop.job.ugi:並非設置用戶名與密碼。是用戶與組名,因此這裏填寫hadoop,hadoop。

說明:第一次設置的時候多是沒有hadoop.job.ugi和dfs.replication參數的,沒關係,確認保存。打開Project Explorer中DFS Locations目錄,應該能夠年看到文件系統中的結構了。可是在/hadoop/mapred/system下卻沒有查看權限,以下圖:

 

 

並且刪除文件的時候也會報錯:

 

這個緣由是我使用地本用戶Administrator(我是用管理員用戶登錄來地windows系統的)進行遠程hadoop系統操做,沒有權限。

 

此時再打開「Advanced parameters」設置面板,應該能夠看到hadoop.job.ugi了,這個參數默認是本地操做系統的用戶名,若是不幸與遠程hadoop用戶不一致,那就要改過來了,將hadoop加在第一個,並用逗號分隔。如:

   保存配置後,從新啓動eclipse。/hadoop/mapred/system下就一目瞭然了,刪除文件也OK。

 

1.3 運行hadoop程序

首先將hadoop安裝包下面的全部jar包都導到eclipse工程裏。

而後創建一個類:DFSOperator.java,該類寫了四個基本方法:建立文件,刪除文件,把文件內容讀爲字符串,將字符串寫入文件。同時有個main函數,能夠修改測試:

 

package com.kingdee.hadoop;

 

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

 

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;

 

/**

 *

 * The utilities to operate file on hadoop hdfs.

 *

 * @author luolihui 2011-07-18

 *

 */

public class DFSOperator {

        

         private static final String ROOT_PATH = "hdfs:///";

         private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 4096;

        

         /**

          * construct.

          */

         public DFSOperator(){}

 

     /**

     * Create a file on hdfs.The root path is /.<br>

     * for example: DFSOperator.createFile("/lory/test1.txt", true);

          * @param path  the file name to open

          * @param overwrite if a file with this name already exists, then if true, the file will be

          * @return true if delete is successful else IOException.

          * @throws IOException

          */

         public static boolean createFile(String path, boolean overwrite) throws IOException

         {

                   //String uri = "hdfs://192.168.1.100:9000";

                   //FileSystem fs1 = FileSystem.get(URI.create(uri), conf); 

 

                   Configuration conf = new Configuration();

                   FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

                   Path f = new Path(ROOT_PATH + path); 

                   fs.create(f, overwrite);

                   fs.close();

                   return true;

         }

        

    /**

     * Delete a file on hdfs.The root path is /. <br>

     * for example: DFSOperator.deleteFile("/user/hadoop/output", true);

     * @param path the path to delete

     * @param recursive  if path is a directory and set to true, the directory is deleted else throws an exception. In case of a file the recursive can be set to either true or false.

     * @return true if delete is successful else IOException.

     * @throws IOException

     */

         public static boolean deleteFile(String path, boolean recursive) throws IOException

         {

                   //String uri = "hdfs://192.168.1.100:9000";

                   //FileSystem fs1 = FileSystem.get(URI.create(uri), conf); 

                  

                   Configuration conf = new Configuration();

                   FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

                   Path f = new Path(ROOT_PATH + path); 

                   fs.delete(f, recursive);

                   fs.close();

                   return true;

         }

        

         /**

          * Read a file to string on hadoop hdfs. From stream to string. <br>

          * for example: System.out.println(DFSOperator.readDFSFileToString("/user/hadoop/input/test3.txt"));

          * @param path the path to read

          * @return true if read is successful else IOException.

          * @throws IOException

          */

         public static String readDFSFileToString(String path) throws IOException

         {

                   Configuration conf = new Configuration();

                   FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

                   Path f = new Path(ROOT_PATH + path);

                   InputStream in = null;

                   String str = null;

                   StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(BUFFER_SIZE);

                   if (fs.exists(f))

                   {

                            in = fs.open(f);

                            BufferedReader bf = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));

                           

                            while ((str = bf.readLine()) != null)

                            {

                                     sb.append(str);

                                     sb.append("\n");

                            }

                           

                            in.close();

                            bf.close();

                            fs.close();

                            return sb.toString();

                   }

                   else

                   {

                            return null;

                   }

                  

         }

         /**

          * Write string to a hadoop hdfs file. <br>

          * for example: DFSOperator.writeStringToDFSFile("/lory/test1.txt", "You are a bad man.\nReally!\n");

          * @param path the file where the string to write in.

          * @param string the context to write in a file.

          * @return true if write is successful else IOException.

          * @throws IOException

          */

         public static boolean writeStringToDFSFile(String path, String string) throws IOException

         {

                   Configuration conf = new Configuration();

                   FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

                   FSDataOutputStream os = null;

                   Path f = new Path(ROOT_PATH + path);

                   os = fs.create(f,true);

                   os.writeBytes(string);

                  

                   os.close();

                   fs.close();

                   return true;

         }

 

         public static void main(String[] args)

         {

                   try {

                            DFSOperator.createFile("/lory/test1.txt", true);

                            DFSOperator.deleteFile("/dfs_operator.txt", true);

                            DFSOperator.writeStringToDFSFile("/lory/test1.txt", "You are a bad man.\nReally?\n");

                            System.out.println(DFSOperator.readDFSFileToString("/lory/test1.txt"));

                   } catch (IOException e) {

                            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

                            e.printStackTrace();

                   }

                   System.out.println("===end===");

         }

}

        

 

而後Run AsàRun on HadoopàChoose an exitsing server from the list belowàfinish.

 

結果很簡單(那個警告無論):

11/07/16 18:44:32 WARN conf.Configuration: DEPRECATED: hadoop-site.xml found in the classpath. Usage of hadoop-site.xml is deprecated. Instead use core-site.xml, mapred-site.xml and hdfs-site.xml to override properties of core-default.xml, mapred-default.xml and hdfs-default.xml respectively

You are a bad man.

Really?

 

===end===

 

也能夠運行hadoop自帶的WorkCount程序,找到其源代碼導進來,而後設置輸入輸出參數,而後一樣「Run on hadoop」。具體步驟再也不示範。

每「Run on hadoop」都會在workspace\.metadata\.plugins\org.apache.hadoop.eclipse下生成臨時jar包。不過第一次須要Run on hadoop,之後只須要點擊那運行的綠色按鈕了。

 

 

2.    錯誤及處理

2.1 安全模式問題

我在eclipse上刪除DFS上的文件夾時,出現下面錯誤:

 

錯誤提示說得也比較明示,是NameNode在安全模式中,其解決方案也一併給出。

相似的運行hadoop程序時,有時候會報如下錯誤:

org.apache.hadoop.dfs.SafeModeException: Cannot delete /user/hadoop/input. Name node is in safe mode

 

解除安全模式:

bin/hadoop dfsadmin -safemode leave 

 

用戶能夠經過dfsadmin -safemode value  來操做安全模式,參數value的說明以下:

enter - 進入安全模式

leave - 強制NameNode離開安全模式

get -  返回安全模式是否開啓的信息

wait - 等待,一直到安全模式結束。

 

2.2 開發時報錯Permission denied

org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied: user=Administrator, access=WRITE, inode="test1.txt":hadoop:supergroup:rw-r--r--

    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)

    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)

    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)

    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)

    at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException.instantiateException(RemoteException.java:96)

    at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException.unwrapRemoteException(RemoteException.java:58)

    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.<init>(DFSClient.java:2710)

    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient.create(DFSClient.java:492)

    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.create(DistributedFileSystem.java:195)

    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:484)

    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:465)

    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:372)

    at com.kingdee.hadoop.DFSOperator.createFile(DFSOperator.java:46)

    at com.kingdee.hadoop.DFSOperator.main(DFSOperator.java:134)

 

解決方法是,在「Advanced parameters」設置面板,設置hadoop.job.ugi參數,將hadoop用戶加上去。

 

變爲:

 

 

而後從新在運行中」Run on hadoop」。

另外一方法是改變要操做的文件的權限。

Permission denied: user=Administrator, access=WRITE, inode="test1.txt":hadoop:supergroup:rw-r--r--

  上面的意思是:test1.txt文件的訪問權限是rw-r--r--,歸屬組是supergroup,歸屬用戶是hadoop,如今使用Administrator用戶對test1.txt文件進行WRITE方式訪問,被拒絕了。

因此能夠改變下test1.txt文件的訪問權限:

$ hadoop fs –chmod 777 /lory/test1.txt

$ hadoop fs –chmod 777 /lory     #或者上一級文件夾

  固然使用-chown命令也能夠。

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