python 小功能

時間 2019-11-13

標籤 python 功能欄目 Python 简体版

原文原文鏈接

目錄html

1、上傳文件

首先了解一下 request.FILES ：ajax

字典 request.FILES 中的每個條目都是一個UploadFile對象。UploadFile對象有以下方法：
一、UploadFile.read():
從文件中讀取所有上傳數據。當上傳文件過大時，可能會耗盡內存，慎用。
二、UploadFile.multiple_chunks():
如上傳文件足夠大，要分紅多個部分讀入時，返回True.默認狀況,當上傳文件大於2.5M時，返回True。但這一個值能夠配置。
三、UploadFile.chunks():
返回一個上傳文件的分塊生成器。如multiple_chunks()返回True,必須在循環中使用chrunks()來代替read()。通常狀況下直接使用chunks()就行。
四、UploadFile.name:上傳文件的文件名
五、UplaodFile.size:上傳文件的文件大小（字節）django

django普通版本上傳

models.pysession

class UploadFile(models.Model):
    username =models.CharField(max_length=50)
    uploadfile = models.FileField(upload_to='./static/')#指定的upload目錄相對於根目錄下media目錄

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

index.htmlapp

<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <label>用戶名：</label><input type="text" name="username" />
    <label>文 件：</label><input type="file" name="uploadfile" />
    <input type="submit" value="'提交" />
</form>

views.pydom

def index(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        un = request.POST.get('username')
        print(un)
        f = request.FILES.get('uploadfile')#'uploadfile'與提交表單中input名一致，多個文件參見getlist()
        filename = os.path.join('static', f.name)  #存放內容的目標文件
        # 123 = os.path.join('static', 'images', filename.name)
        with open(filename, 'wb') as keys:
            for chunk in f.chunks():#chunks()方法將文件切分紅爲塊(<=2.5M)的迭代對象
                keys.write(chunk)
                #新數據表信息
        models.UploadFile.objects.create(username=un, uploadfile=filename)
        return HttpResponse(filename + 'ok')
    return render_to_response('index.html', {})

django from上傳

models.pyide

class UploadFile(models.Model):
    username =models.CharField(max_length=50)
    uploadfile = models.FileField(upload_to='./static/')#指定的upload目錄相對於根目錄下media目錄

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

mo.htmlpost

<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
{{ uf.username }}
{{ uf.uploadfile }}
    <input type="submit" value="'提交" />
</form>

forms.py

from django import forms

class UploadForm(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField()
    uploadfile = forms.FileField()

views.py

def model(request):
    if request.method =='POST':
        uf =forms.UploadForm(request.POST,request.FILES)
        if uf.is_valid():
            username =uf.cleaned_data['username']
            uploadfile=uf.cleaned_data['uploadfile']
            u = models.UploadFile()
            u.username=username
            u.uploadfile=uploadfile
            u.save()
            return HttpResponse('ok')
    uf = forms.UploadForm()
    return render_to_response('mo.html',{'uf':uf})

Ajax上傳文件

html文件

    <div>
        {{ uf.uploadfile }}
       <input type="button" id="submitj" value="提交" />
   </div>
    
<script src="/static/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
<script>
    $('#submitj').bind("click",function () {
        var file = $('#id_uploadfile')[0].files[0];
        console.log("fff",file);
        var form = new FormData();
        form.append('uploadfile', file);
         $.ajax({

                type:'POST',
                url: '/mo/',
                data: form,
                processData: false,  // tell jQuery not to process the data
                contentType: false,  // tell jQuery not to set contentType
                success: function(arg){

                }
            })
    })
</script>

views.py

def UploadFile(request):
    print(request.FILES)
    uf = forms.uploadForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
    print(uf.is_valid())
    if uf.is_valid():
        upoad = models.UploadFile()
        print(123234)
        upoad.username = 'alex'
        upoad.uploadfile = uf.cleaned_data['uploadfile']
        upoad.save()
    return render(request,'ajax.html',locals())

forms.py　

from django import forms

class uploadForm(forms.Form):

    uploadfile = forms.FileField()

models.py

class UploadFile(models.Model):
    username =models.CharField(max_length=50)
    uploadfile = models.FileField(upload_to='./static/')#指定的upload目錄相對於根目錄下media目錄

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

2、驗證碼

views.py

import io
import os
from django_code import check_code


def check_coder(request):
    mstream = io.BytesIO()
    img, code = check_code.create_validate_code()
    img.save(mstream, "GIF")
    request.session["CheckCode"] = code   ##寫入session
    print(mstream.getvalue())
    return HttpResponse(mstream.getvalue())

check_code.py 文件

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8

import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter

_letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy"  # 小寫字母，去除可能干擾的i，l，o，z
_upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper()  # 大寫字母
_numbers = ''.join(map(str, range(3, 10)))  # 數字
init_chars = ''.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))

def create_validate_code(size=(120, 30),
                         chars=init_chars,
                         img_type="GIF",
                         mode="RGB",
                         bg_color=(255, 255, 255),
                         fg_color=(0, 0, 255),
                         font_size=18,
                         font_type="Monaco.ttf",
                         length=4,
                         draw_lines=True,
                         n_line=(1, 2),
                         draw_points=True,
                         point_chance = 2):
    '''
    @todo: 生成驗證碼圖片
    @param size: 圖片的大小，格式（寬，高），默認爲(120, 30)
    @param chars: 容許的字符集合，格式字符串
    @param img_type: 圖片保存的格式，默認爲GIF，可選的爲GIF，JPEG，TIFF，PNG
    @param mode: 圖片模式，默認爲RGB
    @param bg_color: 背景顏色，默認爲白色
    @param fg_color: 前景色，驗證碼字符顏色，默認爲藍色#0000FF
    @param font_size: 驗證碼字體大小
    @param font_type: 驗證碼字體，默認爲 ae_AlArabiya.ttf
    @param length: 驗證碼字符個數
    @param draw_lines: 是否劃干擾線
    @param n_lines: 干擾線的條數範圍，格式元組，默認爲(1, 2)，只有draw_lines爲True時有效
    @param draw_points: 是否畫干擾點
    @param point_chance: 干擾點出現的機率，大小範圍[0, 100]
    @return: [0]: PIL Image實例
    @return: [1]: 驗證碼圖片中的字符串
    '''

    width, height = size # 寬， 高
    img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 建立圖形
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 建立畫筆

    def get_chars():
        '''生成給定長度的字符串，返回列表格式'''
        return random.sample(chars, length)

    def create_lines():
        '''繪製干擾線'''
        line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干擾線條數

        for i in range(line_num):
            # 起始點
            begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
            #結束點
            end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
            draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))

    def create_points():
        '''繪製干擾點'''
        chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]

        for w in range(width):
            for h in range(height):
                tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
                if tmp > 100 - chance:
                    draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))

    def create_strs():
        '''繪製驗證碼字符'''
        c_chars = get_chars()
        strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每一個字符先後以空格隔開

        font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)
        font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)

        draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),
                    strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)

        return ''.join(c_chars)

    if draw_lines:
        create_lines()
    if draw_points:
        create_points()
    strs = create_strs()

    # 圖形扭曲參數
    params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,
              0,
              0,
              0,
              1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,
              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,
              0.001,
              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500
              ]
    img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 建立扭曲

    img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 濾鏡，邊界增強（閾值更大）

    return img, strs