Binder基本使用

Android開發中,Binder是一種跨進程通訊方式,而使用AIDL能夠實現Binder的工做。java

如何使用它是瞭解它的第一步,本文章主要記錄使用Binder的一些步驟。(代碼思路參考《Android開發藝術探索》任玉剛 著)android

1.建立兩個activity

兩個activity(OneActivity、TwoActivity),將OneActivity假設爲服務端,TwoActivity假設爲客戶端,分別運行在不一樣進程中app

在AndroidManifest.xml中,爲TwoActivity設置進程,這樣兩個activity就分別運行在不一樣的進程中了ide

<activity android:name=".TwoActivity" android:process=":test"/>

2. 建立AIDL文件

在AIDL文件中聲明客戶端想要調用服務端的方法gradle

interface IInfManager {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
    void setName(String name);
 
    String getName();
}

AIDL文件聲明完,activity等文件並不能調用到IInfManager接口,須要在app的build.gradle文件中的android{}中添加ui

sourceSets{
    main{
        java.srcDirs = ['src/main/java', 'src/main/aidl']
    }
}

而後點擊sync now按鈕,activity文件就能夠調用到IInfManager接口了,能夠在app\build\generated\source\aidl\debug文件下找到自動生成的IInfManager.java文件。this

3.建立Service

Service中建立Binder對象,在onBind方法中返回這個對象,Binder對象中具體實現了IInfManager接口中的方法。Service須要在AndroidManifest.xml中註冊。debug

public class InfManageService extends Service{
 
    private String name;
 
    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        name = intent.getStringExtra("name");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }
 
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return binder;
    }
 
    private Binder binder = new IInfManager.Stub() {
        @Override
        public void setName(String mName) throws RemoteException {
            name = mName;
        }
 
        @Override
        public String getName() throws RemoteException {
            return name;
        }
    };
}

4.服務端OneActivity

OneActivity中設置按鈕跳轉至TwoActivity,這裏爲了簡單,使用startService能夠爲InfManageService中name變量初始化"zhangsan"的值。也能夠與客戶端TwoActivity中同樣,綁定service,創建鏈接,來設置name的值(具體參考下一步客戶端的用法)。3d

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_one);
 
    Intent intent = new Intent(OneActivity.this, InfManageService.class);
    intent.putExtra("name", "zhangsan");
    startService(intent);
 
    btn_one_gototwo = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_one_gototwo);
 
    btn_one_gototwo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(OneActivity.this, TwoActivity.class);
            startActivity(intent);
        }
    });
}

5.客戶端TwoActivity

首先綁定InfManageService服務,創建鏈接,鏈接成功後經過返回的IBinder對象能夠得到IInfManager接口,能夠經過這個接口去使用服務端的方法。code

private TextView tv_two_name;
private Button btn_two_change;
 
private IInfManager iInfManager;
 
private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
    @Override
    public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
        iInfManager = IInfManager.Stub.asInterface(service);
        try {
            tv_two_name.setText(iInfManager.getName());
            Log.i("TwoActivity","first:" + iInfManager.getName());
            iInfManager.setName("lisi");
            Log.i("TwoActivity","next:" + iInfManager.getName());
        }catch (RemoteException e){
 
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
 
    }
};
 
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_two);
 
    tv_two_name = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_two_name);
    btn_two_change = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_two_change);
 
    Intent intent = new Intent(TwoActivity.this, InfManageService.class);
    bindService(intent, connection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
 
    btn_two_change.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            try {
                iInfManager.setName("wangmazi");
                tv_two_name.setText(iInfManager.getName());
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    });
}
 
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    unbindService(connection);
}

上面代碼onServiceConnected方法中,首先在TwoActivity界面中顯示了服務端的name變量內容"zhangsan"

image

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