Android開發中,Binder是一種跨進程通訊方式,而使用AIDL能夠實現Binder的工做。java
如何使用它是瞭解它的第一步,本文章主要記錄使用Binder的一些步驟。(代碼思路參考《Android開發藝術探索》任玉剛 著)android
兩個activity(OneActivity、TwoActivity),將OneActivity假設爲服務端,TwoActivity假設爲客戶端,分別運行在不一樣進程中app
在AndroidManifest.xml中,爲TwoActivity設置進程,這樣兩個activity就分別運行在不一樣的進程中了ide
<activity android:name=".TwoActivity" android:process=":test"/>
在AIDL文件中聲明客戶端想要調用服務端的方法gradle
interface IInfManager { /** * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters * and return values in AIDL. */ void setName(String name); String getName(); }
AIDL文件聲明完,activity等文件並不能調用到IInfManager接口,須要在app的build.gradle文件中的android{}中添加ui
sourceSets{ main{ java.srcDirs = ['src/main/java', 'src/main/aidl'] } }
而後點擊sync now按鈕,activity文件就能夠調用到IInfManager接口了,能夠在app\build\generated\source\aidl\debug文件下找到自動生成的IInfManager.java文件。this
Service中建立Binder對象,在onBind方法中返回這個對象,Binder對象中具體實現了IInfManager接口中的方法。Service須要在AndroidManifest.xml中註冊。debug
public class InfManageService extends Service{ private String name; @Override public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) { name = intent.getStringExtra("name"); return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId); } @Nullable @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return binder; } private Binder binder = new IInfManager.Stub() { @Override public void setName(String mName) throws RemoteException { name = mName; } @Override public String getName() throws RemoteException { return name; } }; }
OneActivity中設置按鈕跳轉至TwoActivity,這裏爲了簡單,使用startService能夠爲InfManageService中name變量初始化"zhangsan"的值。也能夠與客戶端TwoActivity中同樣,綁定service,創建鏈接,來設置name的值(具體參考下一步客戶端的用法)。3d
@Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_one); Intent intent = new Intent(OneActivity.this, InfManageService.class); intent.putExtra("name", "zhangsan"); startService(intent); btn_one_gototwo = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_one_gototwo); btn_one_gototwo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Intent intent = new Intent(OneActivity.this, TwoActivity.class); startActivity(intent); } }); }
首先綁定InfManageService服務,創建鏈接,鏈接成功後經過返回的IBinder對象能夠得到IInfManager接口,能夠經過這個接口去使用服務端的方法。code
private TextView tv_two_name; private Button btn_two_change; private IInfManager iInfManager; private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() { @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { iInfManager = IInfManager.Stub.asInterface(service); try { tv_two_name.setText(iInfManager.getName()); Log.i("TwoActivity","first:" + iInfManager.getName()); iInfManager.setName("lisi"); Log.i("TwoActivity","next:" + iInfManager.getName()); }catch (RemoteException e){ } } @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { } }; @Override protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_two); tv_two_name = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_two_name); btn_two_change = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_two_change); Intent intent = new Intent(TwoActivity.this, InfManageService.class); bindService(intent, connection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE); btn_two_change.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { try { iInfManager.setName("wangmazi"); tv_two_name.setText(iInfManager.getName()); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } @Override protected void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); unbindService(connection); }
上面代碼onServiceConnected方法中,首先在TwoActivity界面中顯示了服務端的name變量內容"zhangsan"