傳統IDC部署網站(五)

21. LNMP環境介紹

linux +Nginx +mysql/mariadb +PHPphp

Nginx

是一個web服務器,提供HTTP服務的css

Mysql/Mariadb

是一個關係型數據庫,是用來存數據的( 用戶名、密碼、文章、內容)mysql

PHP

是一個編程語言,經常使用來作網站linux

三者的關係

用戶先會先訪問Nginx (靜態請求 ,會處理圖片,JS,CSS,接收php的請求,可是不處理)把php的請求轉發到後面的php-fpmweb

php-fpm 會處理php相關的請求(叫作動態的請求)sql

動態,靜態

靜態: 指的是Nginx能夠直接處理圖片、js、css 視頻、音頻、flash等等數據庫

動態: 指的是這些請求須要和數據庫打交道,好比 ,用戶登錄過程,好比查看一篇文章,或者寫一篇文章編程

22. Mariadb安裝(上)

MariaDB是MySQL的一個分支。 MySQL -- SUN --- Oraclevim

官網 https://mariadb.org服務器

下載mariadb

[root@localhost src]# wget https://downloads.mariadb.org/interstitial/mariadb-10.3.11/bintar-linux-x86_64/mariadb-10.3.11-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

解壓

[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf mariadb-10.3.11-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
tar zxvf XXX.tar.gz    z:針對gz壓縮
tar jxvf XXX.tar.bz2   j:針對bz2壓縮
tar Jxvf XXX.tar.xz    J:針對xz壓縮

壓縮

tar zcvf XXX.tar.gz  XXX/   
tar jcvf XXX.tar.bz2 XXX/
tar Jcvf XXX.tar.xz XXX/

23. Mariadb安裝(中)

移動並更名 /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost src]# mv mariadb-10.3.11-linux-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

建立目錄 及帳號

[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# grep mysql /etc/passwd
mysql:x:1000:1000::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

初始化設置

[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db  --datadir=/data/mysql --usr=mysql

驗證是否成功 輸出是0是正確的 不正確的狀況顯示的是1

[root@localhost mysql]# echo $?
0

拷貝啓動腳本

[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

編輯啓動腳本

[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql

啓動服務

[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

24. 服務管理

列出系統全部的服務

chkconfig --list    rhel6
systemctl list-unit-files  rhel7

chkconfig 增長服務

/etc/init.d/下有mysqld 而且權限是755

[root@localhost init.d]# pwd
/etc/init.d
[root@localhost init.d]# ll |grep mys
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 12193 Jan 24 00:39 mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld

開機啓動服務

chkconfig mysqld off
chkconfig mysqld on
# 25. Mariadb安裝(下)

## 修改配置文件my.cnf

[root@localhost init.d]# vim /etc/my.cnf

datadir=/data/mysql socket=/tmp/mysql.sock log-error=/data/mysql/mariadb.log pid-file=/data/mysql/mariadb.pid

## 啓動服務

[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start Starting mysqld (via systemctl): [ OK ]

## 查看是否啓動成功

[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -lnp |grep 3306 tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 5822/mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# netstat -lnp |grep 3306 tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 5822/mysqld

 

[root@localhost mysql]# ls -l /tmp/mysql.sock srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 0 Jan 24 01:32 /tmp/mysql.sock

## 鏈接

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 9 Server version: 10.3.11-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

##

[root@localhost mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

## 系統環境變量 (不建議用)

[root@localhost mysql]# echo $PATH /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

[root@localhost mysql]# PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin [root@localhost mysql]# echo $PATH /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin [root@localhost mysql]#echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile source /etc/profile

## 設置密碼

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqladmin -uroot password "123"

## 登錄

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 14 Server version: 10.3.11-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>

 

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123 -S/tmp/mysql.sock Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 15 Server version: 10.3.11-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

 

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123 -h192.168.222.128 -P3306

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