容器編排工具之Docker-compose

時間 2020-06-20

原文原文鏈接

　　前文咱們聊了下docker私有倉庫harbor的搭建，回顧請參考http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-zircqgyn-nt.html；在上一篇博客的末尾，咱們簡單聊了下docker-compose啓動和中止harbor；docker-compose項目是docker官方的開源項目，負責實現對docker容器集羣的快速編排；所謂編排咱們能夠理解爲像ansible裏面的"劇本"；咱們把須要啓動的容器，每一個容器之間的依賴關係，每一個容器的網絡、存儲等等都定義在一個配置文件中，而後經過一個工具去讀取這個配置文件，從而實現快速部署一個應用，方便管理的一個堆docker容器；對於docker-compose來說，這個配置文件必須交docker-compose.yml，而且經過docker-compose來管理docker容器，它默認就會去找這個配置文件，因此在執行docker-compose命令時，一般咱們都是在docker-compose.yml所在目錄下執行；html

　　首先說下安裝吧，一般安裝方式有兩種，第一種方式就是把docker-compose看成python的一個應用來裝，用pip安裝docker-compose便可；第二種就是yum安裝；以下所示node

　　一、pip安裝python

[root@docker_node02 ~]# pip install docker-compose
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip, can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support
Collecting docker-compose
  Downloading docker_compose-1.26.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (139 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 139 kB 61 kB/s 
Collecting backports.shutil-get-terminal-size==1.0.0; python_version < "3.3"
  Downloading backports.shutil_get_terminal_size-1.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (6.5 kB)
Collecting python-dotenv<1,>=0.13.0
  Downloading python_dotenv-0.13.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (17 kB)
Collecting distro<2,>=1.5.0
  Downloading distro-1.5.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (18 kB)
Collecting texttable<2,>=0.9.0
  Downloading texttable-1.6.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (10 kB)
Collecting six<2,>=1.3.0
  Downloading six-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (10 kB)
Collecting cached-property<2,>=1.2.0
  Downloading cached_property-1.5.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (6.0 kB)
Collecting jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1
  Downloading jsonschema-3.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (56 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 56 kB 18 kB/s 
Requirement already satisfied: backports.ssl-match-hostname<4,>=3.5; python_version < "3.5" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (3.5.0.1)
Requirement already satisfied: ipaddress<2,>=1.0.16; python_version < "3.3" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (1.0.16)
Collecting subprocess32<4,>=3.5.4; python_version < "3.2"
  Downloading subprocess32-3.5.4.tar.gz (97 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 97 kB 14 kB/s 
Collecting docopt<1,>=0.6.1
  Downloading docopt-0.6.2.tar.gz (25 kB)
Collecting dockerpty<1,>=0.4.1
  Downloading dockerpty-0.4.1.tar.gz (13 kB)
Collecting requests<3,>=2.20.0
  Downloading requests-2.23.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (58 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 58 kB 17 kB/s 
Requirement already satisfied: PyYAML<6,>=3.10 in /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (5.3.1)
Collecting docker[ssh]<5,>=3.7.0
  Downloading docker-4.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (143 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 143 kB 15 kB/s 
Requirement already satisfied: enum34<2,>=1.0.4; python_version < "3.4" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (1.0.4)
Collecting websocket-client<1,>=0.32.0
  Downloading websocket_client-0.57.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (200 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 200 kB 13 kB/s 
Collecting typing; python_version < "3.5"
  Downloading typing-3.7.4.1-py2-none-any.whl (26 kB)
Collecting functools32; python_version < "3"
  Downloading functools32-3.2.3-2.tar.gz (31 kB)
Collecting attrs>=17.4.0
  Downloading attrs-19.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (39 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (0.9.8)
Collecting pyrsistent>=0.14.0
  Downloading pyrsistent-0.16.0.tar.gz (108 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 108 kB 14 kB/s 
Collecting importlib-metadata; python_version < "3.8"
  Downloading importlib_metadata-1.6.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (31 kB)
Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17
  Downloading certifi-2020.4.5.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (157 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 157 kB 19 kB/s 
Collecting urllib3!=1.25.0,!=1.25.1,<1.26,>=1.21.1
  Downloading urllib3-1.25.9-py2.py3-none-any.whl (126 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 126 kB 13 kB/s 
Collecting idna<3,>=2.5
  Downloading idna-2.9-py2.py3-none-any.whl (58 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 58 kB 14 kB/s 
Collecting chardet<4,>=3.0.2
  Downloading chardet-3.0.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (133 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 133 kB 22 kB/s 
Collecting paramiko>=2.4.2; extra == "ssh"
  Downloading paramiko-2.7.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (206 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 206 kB 22 kB/s 
Collecting contextlib2; python_version < "3"
  Downloading contextlib2-0.6.0.post1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (9.8 kB)
Collecting pathlib2; python_version < "3"
  Downloading pathlib2-2.3.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (18 kB)
Collecting zipp>=0.5
  Downloading zipp-1.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (4.8 kB)
Collecting configparser>=3.5; python_version < "3"
  Downloading configparser-4.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (22 kB)
Collecting cryptography>=2.5
  Downloading cryptography-2.9.2-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (2.7 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 2.7 MB 15 kB/s 
Collecting pynacl>=1.0.1
  Downloading PyNaCl-1.4.0-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (964 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 964 kB 27 kB/s 
Collecting bcrypt>=3.1.3
  Downloading bcrypt-3.1.7-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (59 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 59 kB 15 kB/s 
Collecting scandir; python_version < "3.5"
  Downloading scandir-1.10.0.tar.gz (33 kB)
Collecting cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8
  Downloading cffi-1.14.0-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (387 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 387 kB 19 kB/s 
Collecting pycparser
  Downloading pycparser-2.20-py2.py3-none-any.whl (112 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 112 kB 17 kB/s 
Using legacy setup.py install for subprocess32, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy setup.py install for docopt, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy setup.py install for dockerpty, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy setup.py install for functools32, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy setup.py install for pyrsistent, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy setup.py install for scandir, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: backports.shutil-get-terminal-size, typing, python-dotenv, distro, texttable, six, cached-property, functools32, attrs, pyrsistent, contextlib2, scandir, pathlib2, zipp, configparser, importlib-metadata, jsonschema, subprocess32, docopt, dockerpty, certifi, urllib3, idna, chardet, requests, websocket-client, pycparser, cffi, cryptography, pynacl, bcrypt, paramiko, docker, docker-compose
    Running setup.py install for functools32 ... done
    Running setup.py install for pyrsistent ... done
    Running setup.py install for scandir ... done
    Running setup.py install for subprocess32 ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /usr/bin/python2 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-kRVwx0/subprocess32/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-kRVwx0/subprocess32/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-qwi0Cp/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /usr/include/python2.7/subprocess32
         cwd: /tmp/pip-install-kRVwx0/subprocess32/
    Complete output (51 lines):
    /usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'python_requires'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
    copying subprocess32.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
    running build_ext
    running build_configure
    checking for gcc... no
    checking for cc... no
    checking for cl.exe... no
    configure: error: in `/tmp/pip-install-kRVwx0/subprocess32':
    configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
    See `config.log' for more details
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/tmp/pip-install-kRVwx0/subprocess32/setup.py", line 120, in <module>
        main()
      File "/tmp/pip-install-kRVwx0/subprocess32/setup.py", line 114, in main
        'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython',
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/core.py", line 152, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 953, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 53, in run
        return _install.run(self)
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/command/install.py", line 563, in run
        self.run_command('build')
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 326, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/command/build.py", line 127, in run
        self.run_command(cmd_name)
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 326, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/tmp/pip-install-kRVwx0/subprocess32/setup.py", line 41, in run
        self.run_command(command)
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 326, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/tmp/pip-install-kRVwx0/subprocess32/setup.py", line 26, in run
        raise RuntimeError(configure_command + ' failed.')
    RuntimeError: sh ./configure failed.
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python2 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-kRVwx0/subprocess32/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-kRVwx0/subprocess32/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-qwi0Cp/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /usr/include/python2.7/subprocess32 Check the logs for full command output.
[root@docker_node02 ~]#

　　提示：安裝若是報以上錯誤，解決辦法yum install gcc libffi-devel python-devel openssl-devel -y；docker-compose是python語言研發的，若是你的主機上沒有pip 能夠先安裝python-pip便可；安裝python-pip注意先配置好epel源；mysql

[root@docker_node02 ~]# yum install gcc libffi-devel python-devel openssl-devel -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
base                                                                      | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
docker-ce-stable                                                          | 3.5 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                      | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                    | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                   | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/3): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                        | 2.1 MB  00:00:00     
(2/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                             | 1.0 MB  00:00:03     
(3/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                             | 6.8 MB  00:00:05     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libgomp = 4.8.5-39.el7 for package: gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.8.5-39.el7 for package: gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
……省略部份內容
Installed:
  gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7                       libffi-devel.x86_64 0:3.0.13-19.el7           
  openssl-devel.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-19.el7            python-devel.x86_64 0:2.7.5-88.el7            

Dependency Installed:
  cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7                     glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.17-307.el7.1              
  glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.17-307.el7.1         kernel-headers.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1127.10.1.el7     
  keyutils-libs-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.8-3.el7      krb5-devel.x86_64 0:1.15.1-46.el7                
  libcom_err-devel.x86_64 0:1.42.9-17.el7       libkadm5.x86_64 0:1.15.1-46.el7                  
  libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7                   libselinux-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-15.el7             
  libsepol-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-10.el7            libverto-devel.x86_64 0:0.2.5-4.el7              
  mpfr.x86_64 0:3.1.1-4.el7                     pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7                  
  python-rpm-macros.noarch 0:3-32.el7           python-srpm-macros.noarch 0:3-32.el7             
  python2-rpm-macros.noarch 0:3-32.el7          zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7                 

Dependency Updated:
  e2fsprogs.x86_64 0:1.42.9-17.el7             e2fsprogs-libs.x86_64 0:1.42.9-17.el7            
  glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-307.el7.1                glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-307.el7.1             
  krb5-libs.x86_64 0:1.15.1-46.el7             libcom_err.x86_64 0:1.42.9-17.el7                
  libffi.x86_64 0:3.0.13-19.el7                libgcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7                     
  libgomp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7                libss.x86_64 0:1.42.9-17.el7                     
  openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-19.el7               openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-19.el7              
  python.x86_64 0:2.7.5-88.el7                 python-libs.x86_64 0:2.7.5-88.el7                
  zlib.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7                  

Complete!
[root@docker_node02 ~]#

　　提示：安裝好以上依賴包之後，在來安裝docker-compose 就沒有問題了；linux

[root@docker_node02 ~]# pip install docker-compose                                
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip, can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support
Collecting docker-compose
  Using cached docker_compose-1.26.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (139 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: backports.shutil-get-terminal-size==1.0.0; python_version < "3.3" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (1.0.0)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dotenv<1,>=0.13.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (0.13.0)
Requirement already satisfied: distro<2,>=1.5.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (1.5.0)
Requirement already satisfied: texttable<2,>=0.9.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (1.6.2)
Requirement already satisfied: six<2,>=1.3.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (1.15.0)
Requirement already satisfied: cached-property<2,>=1.2.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (1.5.1)
Requirement already satisfied: jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (3.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: backports.ssl-match-hostname<4,>=3.5; python_version < "3.5" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (3.5.0.1)
Requirement already satisfied: ipaddress<2,>=1.0.16; python_version < "3.3" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (1.0.16)
Collecting subprocess32<4,>=3.5.4; python_version < "3.2"
  Using cached subprocess32-3.5.4.tar.gz (97 kB)
Collecting docopt<1,>=0.6.1
  Using cached docopt-0.6.2.tar.gz (25 kB)
Collecting dockerpty<1,>=0.4.1
  Using cached dockerpty-0.4.1.tar.gz (13 kB)
Collecting requests<3,>=2.20.0
  Using cached requests-2.23.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (58 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: PyYAML<6,>=3.10 in /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (5.3.1)
Collecting docker[ssh]<5,>=3.7.0
  Using cached docker-4.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (143 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: enum34<2,>=1.0.4; python_version < "3.4" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from docker-compose) (1.0.4)
Collecting websocket-client<1,>=0.32.0
  Using cached websocket_client-0.57.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (200 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: typing; python_version < "3.5" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from python-dotenv<1,>=0.13.0->docker-compose) (3.7.4.1)
Requirement already satisfied: functools32; python_version < "3" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (3.2.3.post2)
Requirement already satisfied: attrs>=17.4.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (19.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (0.9.8)
Requirement already satisfied: pyrsistent>=0.14.0 in /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages (from jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (0.16.0)
Requirement already satisfied: importlib-metadata; python_version < "3.8" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (1.6.1)
Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17
  Using cached certifi-2020.4.5.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (157 kB)
Collecting urllib3!=1.25.0,!=1.25.1,<1.26,>=1.21.1
  Using cached urllib3-1.25.9-py2.py3-none-any.whl (126 kB)
Collecting idna<3,>=2.5
  Using cached idna-2.9-py2.py3-none-any.whl (58 kB)
Collecting chardet<4,>=3.0.2
  Using cached chardet-3.0.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (133 kB)
Collecting paramiko>=2.4.2; extra == "ssh"
  Using cached paramiko-2.7.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (206 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: contextlib2; python_version < "3" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from importlib-metadata; python_version < "3.8"->jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (0.6.0.post1)
Requirement already satisfied: pathlib2; python_version < "3" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from importlib-metadata; python_version < "3.8"->jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (2.3.5)
Requirement already satisfied: zipp>=0.5 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from importlib-metadata; python_version < "3.8"->jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (1.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: configparser>=3.5; python_version < "3" in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from importlib-metadata; python_version < "3.8"->jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (4.0.2)
Collecting cryptography>=2.5
  Using cached cryptography-2.9.2-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (2.7 MB)
Collecting pynacl>=1.0.1
  Using cached PyNaCl-1.4.0-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (964 kB)
Collecting bcrypt>=3.1.3
  Using cached bcrypt-3.1.7-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (59 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: scandir; python_version < "3.5" in /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages (from pathlib2; python_version < "3"->importlib-metadata; python_version < "3.8"->jsonschema<4,>=2.5.1->docker-compose) (1.10.0)
Collecting cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8
  Using cached cffi-1.14.0-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (387 kB)
Collecting pycparser
  Using cached pycparser-2.20-py2.py3-none-any.whl (112 kB)
Using legacy setup.py install for subprocess32, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy setup.py install for docopt, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy setup.py install for dockerpty, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: subprocess32, docopt, dockerpty, certifi, urllib3, idna, chardet, requests, websocket-client, pycparser, cffi, cryptography, pynacl, bcrypt, paramiko, docker, docker-compose
    Running setup.py install for subprocess32 ... done
    Running setup.py install for docopt ... done
    Running setup.py install for dockerpty ... done
  Attempting uninstall: chardet
    Found existing installation: chardet 2.2.1
    Uninstalling chardet-2.2.1:
      Successfully uninstalled chardet-2.2.1
Successfully installed bcrypt-3.1.7 certifi-2020.4.5.2 cffi-1.14.0 chardet-3.0.4 cryptography-2.9.2 docker-4.2.1 docker-compose-1.26.0 dockerpty-0.4.1 docopt-0.6.2 idna-2.9 paramiko-2.7.1 pycparser-2.20 pynacl-1.4.0 requests-2.23.0 subprocess32-3.5.4 urllib3-1.25.9 websocket-client-0.57.0
[root@docker_node02 ~]# docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.26.0, build unknown
[root@docker_node02 ~]#

　　提示：若是可以看到docker-compose的版本信息，就表示docker-compose安裝好了；nginx

　　二、yum 安裝web

[root@docker_node01 ~]# yum install -y docker-compose
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker-compose.noarch 0:1.18.0-4.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================
 Package                    Arch               Version                    Repository        Size
=================================================================================================
Installing:
 docker-compose             noarch             1.18.0-4.el7               epel             222 k

Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 222 k
Installed size: 1.1 M
Downloading packages:
docker-compose-1.18.0-4.el7.noarch.rpm                                    | 222 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : docker-compose-1.18.0-4.el7.noarch                                            1/1 
  Verifying  : docker-compose-1.18.0-4.el7.noarch                                            1/1 

Installed:
  docker-compose.noarch 0:1.18.0-4.el7                                                           

Complete!
[root@docker_node01 ~]# docker-compose -v
docker-compose version 1.18.0, build 8dd22a9
[root@docker_node01 ~]#

　　提示：本人推薦使用yum安裝；從上面的過程來看yum是最方便最簡潔的；sql

　　接下來咱們來構建一個docker-compose.yml配置文件，而後使用docker-compose來管理啓動docker

[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# pwd
/root/docker_compose_project
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# ls
docker-compose.yml
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# cat docker-compose.yml 
version: "3"
services:
  web1:
    image: nginx:1.14-alpine
    ports:
      - "80:80"
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]#

　　提示：以上docker-compose.yml表示啓動一個容器，並暴露端口；docker-compose.yml這個文件須要注意空格；每一級的縮進必須相同，不然會報錯；docker-compose.yml中主要就是兩個重要的概念，服務（services）和項目（project）；所謂服務就是一個應用容器，實際上也能夠包含若干運行相同鏡像的容器示例；項目就是由一組關聯的應用容器組成的一個完整業務單元（若干服務共同服務組成）數據庫

　　啓動docker-compose.yml中定義的服務

[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# ls
docker-compose.yml
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker-compose up -d
Pulling web1 (nginx:1.14-alpine)...
1.14-alpine: Pulling from library/nginx
bdf0201b3a05: Pull complete
3d0a573c81ed: Pull complete
8129faeb2eb6: Pull complete
3dc99f571daf: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:485b610fefec7ff6c463ced9623314a04ed67e3945b9c08d7e53a47f6d108dc7
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:1.14-alpine
Creating dockercomposeproject_web1_1 ... done
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               1.14-alpine         8a2fb25a19f5        14 months ago       16MB
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
6fcb757fdace        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   7 seconds ago       Up 6 seconds        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   dockercomposeproject_web1_1
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]#

　　提示：能夠看到咱們直接使用docker-compose up -d 就能夠直接啓動爲一個nginx容器；這裏須要注意一點的是在執行docker-compose命令必需要在docker-compose.yml所在目錄執行。由於docker-compose這個命令會在在當前目錄查找docker-compose；而後根據docker-compose.yml文件中定義的services來啓動容器；docker-compose up表示建立容器並運行 -d表示把後臺運行容器（不佔據當前終端）；

　　中止docker-compose定義的服務

[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
46b62e878cf9        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   3 minutes ago       Up 8 seconds        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   dockercomposeproject_web1_1
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker-compose stop
Stopping dockercomposeproject_web1_1 ... done
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]#

　　啓動docker-compose定義的服務

[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker-compose start
Starting web1 ... done
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
46b62e878cf9        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   3 minutes ago       Up 2 seconds        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   dockercomposeproject_web1_1
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]#

　　測試：用瀏覽器訪問宿主機的80，看看是否可以訪問到容器的nginx服務？

　　提示：能夠看到咱們訪問宿主機的80是可以正常訪問的；說明咱們在docker-compose.yml文件中定義的容器和暴露的端口都已正常啓動並把對應的端口暴露給宿主機；

　　示例：自定義容器名稱

　　提示：container_name表示指定運行容器的名稱；

　　提示：若是默認不指定容器名稱，docker會默認命名爲項目名稱_+服務名稱+第幾個容器相似這種邏輯；項目名稱就是docker-compose.yml文件所在目錄名稱，一般它會把"_"，"-"下劃線中橫線都去掉；

　　驗證：中止現有容器，從新啓動容器，看看容器名稱是否更改？

　　提示：更改了docker-compose.yml文件後，必須使用up 命令來從新讀取docker-compose.yml文件，根據文件中的內容從新啓動運行容器；若是使用start來啓動，咱們在docker-compose.yml中新定義的內容是不會生效的；

　　示例：查看容器進程

　　提示：docker-compose ps 顯示的信息要比docker ps 顯示的信息更爲精簡；

　　示例：從docker compose啓動多個容器

[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# cat docker-compose.yml 
version: "3"
services:
  web1:
    container_name: myweb1
    image: nginx:1.14-alpine
    ports:
      - "80:80"
  web2:
    container_name: myweb2
    image: nginx:1.14-alpine
    ports:
      - "81:80"
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]#

　　提示：以上docker-compose.yml文件定義了兩個服務，web1和web2；這裏須要注意一點服務名稱或id不能相同；容器的名稱也必須是惟一的；

　　驗證：中止現有容器，從新讀取docker-compose.yml文件，看看是否會啓動兩個nginx容器？

　　提示：能夠看到myweb2也正常啓動了，並把容器內部的80映射爲宿主機的81端口；

　　驗證：用瀏覽器訪問宿主機的81端口，看看是否可以訪問獲得？

　　提示：能夠看到81端口是能夠正常訪問的；

　　示例：定義數據卷掛載

　　提示：以上紅框中的內容表示把宿主機上的/data/nginx/目錄掛載到容器內部的/usr/share/nginx/html目錄下；

　　重啓容器

　　提示：能夠看到容器內部已經能夠訪問咱們對應宿主機上的文件；

　　驗證：用瀏覽器訪問宿主機的80看看是否可以訪問到咱們提供的index.html頁面？

　　提示：用瀏覽器訪問能夠正常訪問到宿主機掛載到容器內部的index.html文件內容；

　　示例：重啓單個服務

　　提示：docker-compose管理的是以服務爲單位，因此咱們管理單個服務須要指定服務端名稱，而非容器的名稱；

　　示例：重啓全部服務

　　提示：重啓全部服務docker-compose會自動讀取docker-compose.yml文件中定義的服務，來重啓容器；

　　示例：利用docker-compose一件部署wordpress

[root@docker_node01 wordpress]# cat docker-compose.yml 
version: '3.3'

services:
   wordpress:
     depends_on:
       - db
     image: wordpress:latest
     volumes:
       - wordpress_files:/var/www/html
     ports:
       - "80:80"
     restart: always
     environment:
       WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: db:3306
       WORDPRESS_DB_NAME: wordpress
       WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpress
       WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: admin123.com

   db:
     image: mysql:5.7
     volumes:
       - db_data:/var/lib/mysql
     restart: always
     environment:
       MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: my_db_root_password
       MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress
       MYSQL_USER: wordpress
       MYSQL_PASSWORD: admin123.com
volumes:
    wordpress_files:
    db_data: 
[root@docker_node01 wordpress]#

　　提示：version表示配置文件版本，depends_on表示指定依賴的服務列表；restart指令表示重啓策略，restart：always就表示只要出現問題就重啓；environment表示定義傳給容器的環境變量；volumes:表示定義兩個存儲卷。這裏是直接定義兩個卷的名字，並無指定對應目錄；這種卷就是docker自身管理的卷，一般在/var/lib/docker/volumes/服務名_+卷名/_data/；以上就啓動兩個服務，wordpress依賴db服務；這裏須要注意一點，數據庫容器啓動必需要傳環境變量給容器，好比MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD就表示給mysql設定root密碼；

　　驗證：中止nginx容器，啓動wordpress

[root@docker_node01 wordpress]# pwd
/root/wordpress
[root@docker_node01 wordpress]# ls
docker-compose.yml
[root@docker_node01 wordpress]# cd 
[root@docker_node01 ~]# cd docker_compose_project/
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# ls
docker-compose.yml
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# docker-compose stop
Stopping myweb2 ... done
Stopping myweb1 ... done
[root@docker_node01 docker_compose_project]# cd ../wordpress/
[root@docker_node01 wordpress]# pwd
/root/wordpress
[root@docker_node01 wordpress]# ls
docker-compose.yml
[root@docker_node01 wordpress]#docker-compose up -d
Creating network "wordpress_default" with the default driver
Creating volume "wordpress_wordpress_files" with default driver
Creating volume "wordpress_db_data" with default driver
Pulling db (mysql:5.7)...
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
8559a31e96f4: Pull complete
d51ce1c2e575: Pull complete
c2344adc4858: Pull complete
fcf3ceff18fc: Pull complete
16da0c38dc5b: Pull complete
b905d1797e97: Pull complete
4b50d1c6b05c: Pull complete
d85174a87144: Pull complete
a4ad33703fa8: Pull complete
f7a5433ce20d: Pull complete
3dcd2a278b4a: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:32f9d9a069f7a735e28fd44ea944d53c61f990ba71460c5c183e610854ca4854
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
Pulling wordpress (wordpress:latest)...
latest: Pulling from library/wordpress
8559a31e96f4: Already exists
e0276193a084: Pull complete
eb2d00c10344: Pull complete
f54006e0dc29: Pull complete
e0d3d1244592: Pull complete
3a60f364b0c5: Pull complete
3e309988c00b: Pull complete
bff5c52c95f4: Pull complete
c9086065e896: Pull complete
f07bb8dcc770: Pull complete
7ad826bc3623: Pull complete
0f6a0743d973: Pull complete
43b190adf511: Pull complete
cc02e4c247ac: Pull complete
cd5c5e392dc3: Pull complete
a029df01fe2d: Pull complete
6c942bd52caf: Pull complete
804bbda23122: Pull complete
bb70a73ffdf7: Pull complete
9c44164d321c: Pull complete
ba02d5b98827: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:602ea0959040cd101e5e6923474612a15f9dd330ab45ceaec4e07dc762d674c0
Creating wordpress_db_1        ... done
Creating wordpress_db_1        ... 
Creating wordpress_wordpress_1 ... done
[root@docker_node01 wordpress]#docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                 NAMES
cf61629c8f36        wordpress:latest    "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp    wordpress_wordpress_1
04cc6dcddd7d        mysql:5.7           "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   wordpress_db_1
[root@docker_node01 wordpress]#

　　提示：能夠看到wordpress和mysql容器都跑起來了；

　　驗證：用瀏覽器訪問宿主機80，看看是否訪問到wordpress?

　　提示：能夠看到wordpress是能夠直接訪問的，而且不須要咱們再設置數據了，由於咱們在docker-compose.yml中設置好了，這裏直接安裝便可；

　　經過上面的演示，咱們利用docker-compose就能夠輕鬆部署一個應用，咱們只須要在docker-compose.yml中定義好每一個容器間的依賴關係，存儲卷等等一系列關係，而後經過docker-compose 直接就能夠根據咱們定義的關係來啓動容器；以上就是docker-compose的簡單示例和使用說明；有關docker-compose.yml中指令的說明能夠參考官方文檔https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/#service-configuration-reference；

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