腳本編寫背景html
不管是生產環境、測試環境仍是開發環境,常常須要使用rm命令刪除&批量一些「重要」目錄下的文件。按照Linux的哲學「小便是美」(一個程序只作一件事)+「用戶清楚本身作什麼」(用戶知道本身想要什麼,也明白本身在作什麼,而且會爲本身的行爲負責),那麼用戶在執行rm時,必定要知道本身的操做可能引發的後果,所以「三思然後行」真的很重要。但這對於一部分人來說,真的多是災難性的,手抖、手賤和任何錯誤的操做(在路徑分隔符"/"前多打了空格,錯誤使用*,錯誤的路徑(當前路徑、相對路徑、錯誤的操做路徑)、錯誤腳本(居然有人敢在生產環境調試未通過測試的腳本)、錯誤的批量操做、錯誤的安全策略)均可能引發數據的丟失,這在生產環境,特別是缺乏備份缺乏熱備的生產環境中是很是致命很是可怕的。python
所以經過腳本或者其餘方式來讓用戶後悔一次是很是有必要的。本文用Bash Shell Script的方式實現這一問題,其餘解決方案能夠參見文末的「參考」。git
腳本編寫思路github
跟回收站的思路比較類似,回收站有這樣的特性:1.並不是真的刪除;2.同名的能夠;3.記住文件的源路徑,做爲腳本也應該作到如此shell
腳本使用起來應該跟rm使用起來基本相似apache
腳本使用截圖tomcat
關於rm的參數問題安全
腳本內使用忽略的策略,不管使用rm的哪一種參數,都將進行mv操做,此處宜當改進。bash
腳本內容app
腳本內容能夠參見GitHub.
#!/usr/bin/env bash # a command or alias to replace 'rm' with a safe and easy to use, safe remove files or directories # See also: # safe-rm - wrapper around the rm command to prevent accidental deletions - https://github.com/kaelzhang/shell-safe-rm # trash-cli - Command line interface to FreeDesktop.org Trash - https://pypi.python.org/pypi/trash-cli/ # debug option DEBUG=false # DEBUG=true if ${DEBUG} ; then old_PS4=$PS4 # export PS4='+${BASH_SOURCE}:${LINENO}:${FUNCNAME[0]}: ' export PS4='+${LINENO}: ${FUNCNAME[0]}: ' # if there is only one bash script, do not display ${BASH_SOURCE} _XTRACE_FUNCTIONS=$(set +o | grep xtrace) set -o xtrace fi # set an empty function using for location this line quickly in PyCharm editor on purpose. function _empty() { return; } # Public header # ============================================================================================================================= # resolve links - $0 may be a symbolic link # learn from apache-tomcat-6.x.xx/bin/catalina.sh PRG="$0" while [ -h "$PRG" ]; do ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"` link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> \(.*\)$'` if expr "$link" : '/.*' > /dev/null; then PRG="$link" else PRG=`dirname "$PRG"`/"$link" fi done # Get standard environment variables PRGDIR=`dirname "$PRG"` # echo color function, smarter, learn from lnmp.org lnmp install.sh function echo_r (){ # Color red: Error, Failed [ $# -ne 1 ] && return 1 echo -e "\033[31m$1\033[0m" } function echo_g (){ # Color green: Success [ $# -ne 1 ] && return 1 echo -e "\033[32m$1\033[0m" } function echo_y (){ # Color yellow: Warning [ $# -ne 1 ] && return 1 echo -e "\033[33m$1\033[0m" } function echo_b (){ # Color blue: Debug Level 1 [ $# -ne 1 ] && return 1 echo -e "\033[34m$1\033[0m" } function echo_p (){ # Color purple,magenta: Debug Level 2 [ $# -ne 1 ] && return 1 echo -e "\033[35m$1\033[0m" } function echo_c (){ # Color cyan: friendly prompt, Level 1 [ $# -ne 1 ] && return 1 echo -e "\033[36m$1\033[0m" } # end echo color function, smarter #WORKDIR="`realpath ${WORKDIR}`" WORKDIR="`readlink -f ${PRGDIR}`" # end public header # ============================================================================================================================= real_rm='/bin/rm' trash_dir="$HOME/.trash" # if do not use "$HOME" or "~" to resolve permission problem, should use "chmod o+t $trash_dir" .chmod --help: Each MODE is of the form `[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+'. log_dir="$trash_dir" log_file="$log_dir/operation.log" trash_save_days=3 function real_rm() { if [[ ! -f ${real_rm} ]]; then echo 'safe-rm cannot find the real "rm" binary' exit 1 fi save_days=${trash_save_days:-10} test $(find -L /tmp/.delete/ -type d ! -name "^." -a ! -wholename "/tmp/.delete/" -mtime +${save_days} -exec echo '{}' \; | wc -l ) -gt 0 found_old_files=$? if [[ ${found_old_files} -eq 0 ]]; then echo_b "old files found, cleaning" #find -L ${trash_dir}/ -maxdepth 1 -type d ! -name "^." -mtime +${save_days} -exec rm -rf '{}' \; find -L ${trash_dir}/ -maxdepth 1 -type d ! -wholename "$trash_dir/" ! -name "^." -mtime +${save_days} -exec rm -rf '{}' \; echo_g "old files cleaned successfully" else echo_g "old files in standby state, passed" fi } function safe_rm() { if [[ "$1x" = 'x' ]]; then ${real_rm} --help exit 1 fi if [[ ! -d ${trash_dir} ]]; then mkdir -p ${trash_dir} fi # date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S.%N | shasum | awk '{print $1}' | cat - -A uniq_trash_dir="$trash_dir/$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S.%N | shasum | awk '{print $1}')" mkdir -p ${uniq_trash_dir} if [[ $# -eq 1 ]];then if [[ -f $1 ]] || [[ -d $1 ]]; then # ignore rm -f|-r|-rf|-fr, etc mv $1 ${uniq_trash_dir} retval=$? fi else # alternative impl of 'rm FILE...' parameter_array="$@" # IFS=' '$'\t'$'\n', IFS=$' \t\n', If IFS is unset, or its value is exactly <space><tab><newline> old_IFS=$IFS IFS=' '$'\t'$'\n' for parameter in ${parameter_array}; do if [[ -f ${parameter} ]] || [[ -d ${parameter} ]]; then # ignore rm -f|-r|-rf|-fr, etc mv ${parameter} ${uniq_trash_dir} fi done retval=$? IFS="$old_IFS" fi log_operation $@ exit ${retval} } function log_operation(){ tee -a ${log_file}<<-eof # debug purpose or notify mode { "date_human": "$(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N')", "date": "$(date)", "user": "$USER", "ssh_client": "$SSH_CLIENT", "ssh_connection": "$SSH_CONNECTION", "ssh_tty": "$SSH_TTY", "trash_dir": "${uniq_trash_dir}" "log_file":"${log_file}", "pwd": "$PWD", "operation": "$0 $@", "parameter": "$@" } eof } function usage(){ cat - << eof ${WORKDIR}/`basename $0` help show help message ${WORKDIR}/`basename $0` clean clean old deleted files eof } function main(){ lock_filename="lock_$$_${RANDOM}" # lock_filename_full_path="/var/lock/subsys/$lock_filename" lock_filename_full_path="/var/lock/$lock_filename" if ( set -o noclobber; echo "$$" > "$lock_filename_full_path") 2> /dev/null;then trap 'rm -f "$lock_filename_full_path"; exit $?' INT TERM EXIT [ ! -x ${WORKDIR}/`basename $0` ] && chmod +x ${WORKDIR}/`basename $0` if [[ $# -lt 1 ]]; then ${WORKDIR}/`basename $0` help exit 0 fi if [ -f $1 ]; then safe_rm $@ else parameter_array="$@" # IFS=' '$'\t'$'\n', IFS=$' \t\n', If IFS is unset, or its value is exactly <space><tab><newline> old_IFS=$IFS IFS=' '$'\t'$'\n' for parameter in ${parameter_array}; do if [[ -f ${parameter} ]] || [[ -d ${parameter} ]]; then # ignore rm -f|-r|-rf|-fr, etc safe_rm $@ fi done IFS="$old_IFS" fi case $1 in clean) real_rm ;; help|*) usage exit 1 ;; esac rm -f "$lock_filename_full_path" trap - INT TERM EXIT else echo "Failed to acquire lock: $lock_filename_full_path" echo "held by $(cat ${lock_filename_full_path})" fi } main $@ # debug option if ${DEBUG} ; then export PS4=${old_PS4} ${_XTRACE_FUNCTIONS} fi
能夠繼續作的事情
1.根據操做日誌方便的列出刪除的文件
2.根據操做日誌更方便的恢復文件
3.處理好文件不存在的狀況
4.增長直接刪除的狀況
5.保留權限的問題
6.從log_file中的operation和parameter中去除-rf這樣的參數
參考:
這種事別人早就有作好的了,雖然學習的過程須要積累和歷練,但人生苦短,有時也須要站在巨人的肩膀上。
tag:safe-rm,trash-cli,rm
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