MPLS ×××業務分流案例redis
1.各路由器基本信息配置網絡
2.OSPF規範配置,修改網絡類型爲點對點,配置被動接口ide
3.MPLS骨幹網運行OSPF,標籤分發協議爲LDPoop
4.RT4和RT5運行MP_IPGP,利用MPLS ×××實現生產與辦公業務分流ui
5.RT4 VRF SC與RT6運行RIP、RT4 VRF BG 與RT7配置靜態路由、RT5 VRF SC與RT8運行OSPF,RT5 VRF BG與RT9運行EBGProuter
IP地址規劃以下:blog
一.基本配置(略)接口
二.骨幹網IGP調測ip
RT1:路由
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
passive-interface Ethernet3/0
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 10.0.13.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
RT2:
router ospf 1
router-id 2.2.2.2
passive-interface default
no passive-interface Serial0/0
no passive-interface Serial0/1
no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 10.0.12.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 10.0.23.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 10.0.24.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
int f1/0
ip ospf network point-to-point
RT3:
router ospf 1
router-id 3.3.3.3
passive-interface default
no passive-interface Serial0/0
no passive-interface Serial0/1
no passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 10.0.13.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 10.0.23.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
int f1/0
ip ospf network point-to-point
RT4:
router ospf 1
router-id 4.4.4.4
passive-interface default
no passive-interface Serial0/0
network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 10.0.24.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
RT5:
router ospf 1
router-id 5.5.5.5
passive-interface default
no passive-interface Serial0/0
network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
三.骨幹網MPLS 調測
RT1:
ip cef // MPLS必須開啓CEF
mpls ip //開啓MPLS協議
mpls label protocol ldp //選擇標籤分發協議爲LDP
int s0/1
mpls ip //在接口上開啓MPLS
mpls mtu 1600 //設置最大MPLS MTU爲1600
int s0/2
mpls ip
mpls mtu 1600
RT2:
ip cef
mpls ip
mpls label protocol ldp
int s0/0
mpls ip
mpls mtu 1600
int s0/1
mpls ip
mpls mtu 1600
int f1/0
mpls ip
mpls mtu 1600
RT3:
ip cef
mpls ip
mpls label protocol ldp
int s0/0
mpls ip
mpls mtu 1600
int s0/1
mpls ip
mpls mtu 1600
int f1/0
mpls ip
mpls mtu 1600
RT4:
ip cef
mpls ip
mpls label protocol ldp
int s0/0
mpls ip
mpls mtu 1600
RT5:
ip cef
mpls ip
mpls label protocol ldp
int s0/0
mpls ip
mpls mtu 1600
四.骨幹網MP_BGP調測
RT4:
router bgp 65000
no synchronization //關閉同步
neighbor 5.5.5.5 remote-as 65000 //創建BGP鄰居
neighbor 5.5.5.5 update-source Loopback0 //指定更新源
neighbor 5.5.5.5 next-hop-self //改變下一跳爲本身
no auto-summary //關閉自動彙總
address-family ***v4 //開啓MP_BGP
neighbor 5.5.5.5 activate //創建MP_BGP鄰居
neighbor 5.5.5.5 send-community extended //支持團體屬性
exit-address-family //退出MP_BGP的配置
RT5:
router bgp 65000
no synchronization
bgp log-neighbor-changes
neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 65000
neighbor 4.4.4.4 update-source Loopback0
neighbor 4.4.4.4 next-hop-self
no auto-summary
address-family ***v4
neighbor 4.4.4.4 activate
neighbor 4.4.4.4 send-community extended
exit-address-family
五.VRF調測
RT4:
ip vrf BG //創建VRF 命名爲BG
rd 2:2 //VRF的RD爲2:2
route-target export 2:20 //導出RT爲2:20
route-target import 2:10 //導入RT爲2:10
ip vrf SC
rd 1:1
route-target export 1:20
route-target import 1:10
RT5:
ip vrf BG
rd 2:2
route-target export 2:10
route-target import 2:20
ip vrf SC
rd 1:1
route-target export 1:10
route-target import 1:20
六.PE與CE路由協議調測
RT4:
router rip //配置CE與PE VRF之間路由協議
version 2
no auto-summary
address-family ipv4 vrf SC //配置MP_BGP
network 172.16.0.0
no auto-summary
version 2
exit-address-family
RT6:
router rip
version 2
network 6.0.0.0
network 172.16.0.0
no auto-summary
RT4:
ip route vrf BG 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255 Serial0/2 172.17.47.2 //在VRF BG中添加靜態路由
ip route vrf BG 172.17.7.0 255.255.255.0 Serial0/2 172.17.47.2
RT7:
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.17.47.1 //配置缺省路由
RT5:
router ospf 101 vrf SC //配置VRF SC OSPF
router-id 172.16.5.1
network 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 172.16.58.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
RT8:
router ospf 1
router-id 8.8.8.8
passive-interface Ethernet3/0
network 8.8.8.8 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 172.16.8.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 172.16.58.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
RT5:
router bgp 65000 //配置EBGP
address-family ipv4 vrf BG //配置MP_BGP
neighbor 172.17.59.2 remote-as 65001 //創建EBGP鄰居
no auto-summary
no synchronization
exit-address-family
RT9:
router bgp 65001
no synchronization
network 9.9.9.9 mask 255.255.255.255
network 172.17.9.0 mask 255.255.255.0
network 172.17.59.0 mask 255.255.255.252
neighbor 172.17.59.1 remote-as 65000
no auto-summary
七.MPLS ×××調測
RT4:
router bgp 65000
address-family ipv4 vrf SC
redistribute connected metric 1000 //重分佈直連到MP_BGP
redistribute rip metric 1000 //重RIP直連到MP_BGP
no auto-summary
no synchronization
exit-address-family
address-family ipv4 vrf BG
redistribute connected metric 1000 //重分佈直連到MP_BGP
redistribute static metric 1000 //重分佈靜態到MP_BGP
no auto-summary
no synchronization
exit-address-family
router rip
redistribute bgp 65000 metric 5 //重分佈VRF SC到RIP
RT5:
router bgp 65000
address-family ipv4 vrf SC
redistribute connected metric 1000 //重分佈直連到MP_BGP
redistribute ospf 101 vrf SC metric 1000 match internal external 1 external 2 //重分佈OSPF 101 VRF SC中的匹配外部5類類型1和類型2的路由到MP_BGP中
no auto-summary
no synchronization
exit-address-family
address-family ipv4 vrf BG
redistribute connected metric 1000 //重分佈直連到MP_BGP
exit-address-family
//PE_CE路由協議爲EBGP時,VRF中的EBGP路由自動導出至MP_BGP表。
調測命令:
show ip bgp ***v4 all summary //顯示MP_BGP的鄰居信息
show mpls forwarding-tabel //顯示MPLS轉發表
show mpls ldp bindings //顯示MPLS LDP的標籤綁定信息
show ip route vrf SC //顯示VRF SC的路由信息
show ip bgp ***v4 all //顯示BGP中×××V4的全部路由
show ip bgp ***v4 all labels //顯示BGP中×××V4的全部路由及標籤
若是配置沒有問題,而某條路由在MP-BGP表中存在,而沒有本身導入VRF,請使用:
clear ip route vrf ×××名字
分析RT8的172.16.8.0/24路由的傳播:
1.首先RT8上有一條直連路由
C 172.16.8.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet3/0
2.RT5的VRF SC與RT8配置了OSPF(CE與PE VRF路由協議),經過OSPF將172.16.8.0/24路由傳播到RT5的VRF SC(這條路由只在VRF SC中能看到,在RT5的全局路由表中不存在)
RT5#show ip route vrf SC
O 172.16.8.0/24 [110/110] via 172.16.58.2, 00:08:58, Serial0/1
3.經過重分佈將OSPF的路由發佈到MP_BGP中,同時爲這路由加上RT、RD、私網標籤
RT5#show ip bgp ***v4 all labels
Route Distinguisher: 1:1 (SC)
172.16.8.0/24 172.16.58.2 26/nolabel
RD爲1:1 ×××名爲SC 下一跳爲172.16.58.2私網IN標籤爲26 OUT標籤爲無
同時在MPLS標籤轉發中造成轉發條目
RT5#show mpls forwarding-table
26 Untagged 172.16.8.0/24[V] 0 Se0/1 point2point
LOCAL標籤爲26(分發出去的私網標籤)OUT標籤爲Untagged 刪除標籤 下一條爲S0/1
4.MP_BGP發起路由,經過update來報文傳播路由,打上公網標籤,經過LSP傳遞到RT4(公網標籤用來在MPLS網絡中轉發,LSP上的轉發過程再也不敘述)
RT5#show ip bgp ***v4 all
Route Distinguisher: 1:1 (default for vrf SC)
*> 172.16.8.0/24 172.16.58.2 1000 32768 ?
MP_BGP始發此路由
以上是MP_BGP的update報文,就是將原有的BGP的NIRL屬性和不可達路由屬性替換成MP_REACH_NLRI和MP_UNREACH_NIRL屬性
Extended_Communities屬性中有RT爲1:10
MP_REACH_NLRI屬性中有私網標籤爲26 RD爲1:1 IPV4路由172.16.8.0/24
VRF的IPV4路由打上RD,就變成了×××V4路由
補充:
RD路由區分符,主要用來標識不一樣的IP地址空間,所以每一個VRF都必須(也只能)配置1個RD;
RT路由目標,就是Extended Comununity屬性,用來控制VRF之間的互訪關係,將VRF的IPV4路由打上RT導出到MP_BGP中,經PE-PE之間MP-IBGP鄰居傳播到遠端的PE上,遠端PE進行RT匹配,根據RT的匹配關係,將這些路由導入到不一樣的VRF中。利用RT的導入導出關係,控制VRF的訪問範圍,就造成了不一樣的×××,也就實現了業務分流。
5.RT4的MP_BGP收到此update報文後,比較RT是否跟本身的VRF入RT一致,如有一致,則導入到相應的VRF中,這裏的是與RT4的VRF SC一致,因此導入
,同時將私網標籤和RD保存
RT4#show ip bgp ***v4 all labels
Route Distinguisher: 1:1 (SC)
172.16.8.0/24 5.5.5.5 nolabel/26
RD爲1:1 ×××名爲SC 下一跳爲5.5.5.5 私網IN標籤爲無 OUT標籤爲26
RT4#show ip bgp ***v4 all labels
Route Distinguisher: 1:1 (SC)
*>i172.16.8.0/24 5.5.5.5 1000 100 0 ?
RT4收到的BGP路由
6.經過重分佈將MP_BGP的路由發佈到RIP中,經過RT4的VRF SC與RT6之間的RIP路由協議將路由傳遞給RT6,最後RT6上造成一條RIP路由
R 172.16.8.0/24 [120/5] via 172.16.46.1, 00:00:21, Serial0/0
其它CE與PE VRF間的IGP路由協議路由的傳播與以上相似
RT6的與RT8的172.168.1的通訊過程分析(其中所提到的路由條目可看上面):
首先RT6收到數據包,以目標IP查找路由,找到匹配項出接口爲S0/0,數據轉發,RT4的VRF SC收到該數據包,查找路由表,找到匹配的BGP路由,私網OUT標籤爲26,下一跳爲5.5.5.5,不是直連的,以5.5.5.5爲目標IP查找MPLS轉發表,找到匹配項,OUT標籤爲21(關於5.5.5.5標籤的分發看前面的博文吧)
,出接口爲S0/0,爲直鏈接口轉發,經過LSP傳播到RT5(中間MPLS轉發見前面博文),RT5經過私網標籤26查找MPLS轉發表,找到匹配項,OUT標籤爲Untagged ,刪除標籤,從出接口S0/1轉發出去,RT8收到數據包,查找路由表,交給相應的接口。
附加:RT7能夠訪問RT8和RT9,RT6只能和RT8通信 應該怎麼配置VRF
RT4 VRF BG配置以下:
ip vrf BG
rd 2:2
route-target export 2:20
route-target import 2:10
route-target import 1:10
RT5的VRF SC配置以下:
ip vrf SC
rd 1:1
route-target export 1:10
route-target import 1:20
route-target import 2:20
其它配置同上不變!便可實現以上需求!
末作修改前是不通的,修改後能夠互通!VRF的RT能夠靈活運用,來使業務分流!後面將會有一篇MPLS ×××互訪關係控制案例!這裏就很少講了!
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