C# 對象與JSON字符串互相轉換的三種方式
JSON(JavaScript Object Notation, JS 對象標記) 是一種輕量級的數據交換格式。javascript
關於內存對象和JSON字符串的相互轉換，在實際項目中應比較普遍，通過一番搜索，找到以下三種方法來解決此問題html
分別是使用 Newtonsoft.Json.dll、DataContractJsonSerializer、 JavaScriptSerializer。 java
方法一： Newtonsoft.Json.dll
Newtonsoft.Json.dll在.net2.0以後的版本能夠支持 個人版本.net framework4.0web
添加Newtonsoft.json的引用
對象與json字符串轉換類設計
1 class JsonNewtonsoft 2 { 3 /// <summary> 4 /// 把對象轉換爲JSON字符串 5 /// </summary> 6 /// <param name="o">對象</param> 7 /// <returns>JSON字符串</returns> 8 public static string ToJSON(this object o) 9 { 10 if (o == null) 11 { 12 return null; 13 } 14 return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(o); 15 } 16 /// <summary> 17 /// 把Json文本轉爲實體 18 /// </summary> 19 /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> 20 /// <param name="input"></param> 21 /// <returns></returns> 22 public static T FromJSON<T>(this string input) 23 { 24 try 25 { 26 return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(input); 27 } 28 catch (Exception ex) 29 { 30 return default(T); 31 } 32 } 33 }
方法二：DataContractJsonSerializer
使用這種 須要引用 System.Runtime.Serialization.dlljson
類設計
1 class JsonDataContractJsonSerializer 2 { 3 /// <summary> 4 /// 內存對象轉換爲json字符串 5 /// </summary> 6 /// <param name="obj"></param> 7 /// <returns></returns> 8 public static string ObjectToJson(object obj) 9 { 10 DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(obj.GetType()); 11 MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(); 12 serializer.WriteObject(stream, obj); 13 byte[] dataBytes = new byte[stream.Length]; 14 stream.Position = 0; 15 stream.Read(dataBytes, 0, (int)stream.Length); 16 return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(dataBytes); 17 } 18 /// <summary> 19 /// Json字符串轉內存對象 20 /// </summary> 21 /// <param name="jsonString"></param> 22 /// <param name="obj"></param> 23 /// <returns></returns> 24 public static object JsonToObject(string jsonString, object obj) 25 { 26 DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(obj.GetType()); 27 MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonString)); 28 return serializer.ReadObject(mStream); 29 } 30 }
方法三：JavaScriptSerializer
須要引用：System.Web.Extensions.dllpost
類設計
1 public static class JsonJavaScriptSerializer 2 { 3 /// <summary> 4 /// 內存對象轉換爲json字符串 5 /// </summary> 6 /// <param name="obj"></param> 7 /// <returns></returns> 8 public static string ToJSON(object obj) 9 { 10 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 11 JavaScriptSerializer json = new JavaScriptSerializer(); 12 json.Serialize(obj, sb); 13 return sb.ToString(); 14 } 15 /// <summary> 16 /// Json字符串轉內存對象 17 /// </summary> 18 /// <param name="jsonString"></param> 19 /// <param name="obj"></param> 20 /// <returns></returns> 21 public static T FromJSON<T>(string jsonString) 22 { 23 JavaScriptSerializer json = new JavaScriptSerializer(); 24 return json.Deserialize<T>(jsonString); 25 } 26 27 }
程序測試：
新建一個測試對象類Student.cs
1 public enum Sex 2 { 3 男=0, 4 女=1 5 } 6 [Serializable()] 7 class Student 8 { 9 private string _name; 10 11 public string Name 12 { 13 get { return _name; } 14 set { _name = value; } 15 } 16 17 private int _age; 18 19 public int Age 20 { 21 get { return _age; } 22 set { _age = value; } 23 } 24 25 private Sex _sex = Sex.男; 26 27 public Sex Sex 28 { 29 get { return _sex; } 30 set { _sex = value; } 31 } 32 public Student() 33 { } 34 public Student(string name,int age,Sex sex) 35 { 36 this._name = name; 37 this._age = age; 38 this._sex = sex; 39 } 40 }
測試程序
1 static void Main(string[] args) 2 { 3 Student st = new Student("笨男孩",22,Sex.男); 4 5 Console.WriteLine("============方法一============================================"); 6 //方法一 7 8 Console.WriteLine("方法一對象轉Json字符串"); 9 string jsonStr = JsonNewtonsoft.ToJSON(st); 10 Console.WriteLine(jsonStr); 11 Console.WriteLine("方法一Json字符串轉對象"); 12 Student stobj = (Student)JsonNewtonsoft.FromJSON<Student>(jsonStr); 13 Console.WriteLine("姓名:{0} 年齡:{1} 性別:{2}",stobj.Name,stobj.Age,stobj.Sex); 14 15 16 Console.WriteLine("============方法二============================================"); 17 //方法二 18 Console.WriteLine("方法二對象轉Json字符串"); 19 string jsonStr2 = JsonDataContractJsonSerializer.ToJSON(st); 20 Console.WriteLine(jsonStr2); 21 Console.WriteLine("方法二Json字符串轉對象"); 22 Student stobj2 = (Student)JsonDataContractJsonSerializer.FromJSON(jsonStr2, st); 23 Console.WriteLine("姓名:{0} 年齡:{1} 性別:{2}", stobj2.Name, stobj2.Age, stobj2.Sex); 24 25 26 Console.WriteLine("============方法三============================================"); 27 //方法二 28 Console.WriteLine("方法三對象轉Json字符串"); 29 string jsonStr3 = JsonJavaScriptSerializer.ToJSON(st); 30 Console.WriteLine(jsonStr3); 31 Console.WriteLine("方法三Json字符串轉對象"); 32 Student stobj3 = (Student)JsonJavaScriptSerializer.FromJSON<Student>(jsonStr3); 33 Console.WriteLine("姓名:{0} 年齡:{1} 性別:{2}", stobj3.Name, stobj3.Age, stobj3.Sex); 34 35 Console.ReadKey(); 36 }
程序運行結果：
運行結果：性能
程序工程源文件下載
功能對比：
性能對比：
綜上所述，通常採用Json.NET方法一比較好！
參考：測試
JavaScriptSerializer 類介紹 https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.web.script.serialization.javascriptserializer(v=vs.110).aspxui
DataContractJsonSerializer類介紹 https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.runtime.serialization.json.datacontractjsonserializer(v=vs.110).aspxthis
https://blog.csdn.net/testcs_dn/article/details/78150046?locationNum=6&fps=1