Oracle 基礎篇 --- Oracle Network配置

時間 2019-11-13

原文原文鏈接

##第二. Oracle Network配置web

配置和管理Oracle Network 的工具:sql

Enterprise Manager 的「Net Services Administration（網絡服務管理）」頁

1. Oracle Net Manager

提供一個圖形用戶界面(GUI)，經過這個界面可在本地客戶機或服務器主機的Oracle 主目錄中配置Oracle Net Services。Oracle Net Manager 容許您在本地客戶機或服務器主機的Oracle 主目錄中配置Oracle Net Services。可使用Net Manager 配置如下網絡組件： - 命名：定義簡單的名稱和鏈接標識符，並將它們映射至鏈接描述符以肯定網絡位置和服務標識。Oracle Net Manager 支持在本地tnsnames.ora 文件或集中式目錄服務中配置鏈接描述符。 - 命名方法：配置將鏈接標識符解析爲鏈接描述符的不一樣方法。 - 概要文件：配置用於在客戶機或服務器上啓用和配置Oracle Net 功能的首選項。配置sqlnet.ora 參數。 - 監聽程序：建立和配置監聽程序以接收客戶機鏈接。listener.ora

2. Oracle Net Configuration Assistant

安裝Oracle 軟件時經過Oracle Universal Installer來啓動。使用Oracle Net Configuration Assistant 可配置Oracle DB 的監聽協議地址和服務信息。在典型的數據庫安裝期間，Oracle Net Configuration Assistant 會自動配置一個名爲LISTENER 的監聽程序，該監聽程序具備數據庫的TCP/IP 監聽協議地址。若是執行定製安裝，則Oracle Net Configuration Assistant 會提示您配置所選的監聽程序名稱和協議地址。安裝數據庫以後，使用Oracle Net Configuration Assistant 進行初始網絡配置。而後，可使用Oracle Enterprise Manager 和Oracle Net Manager 配置和管理您的網絡。

命令行用於啓動、中止監聽程序進程或查看監聽程序進程的狀態。

3. 數據庫服務註冊

動態服務註冊：oracle 10g以上用netca方式創建的都默認爲動態註冊方式。status READY - listener實時的都知道實例的狀態，數據庫在關閉的時候會動態的從listener中註銷。 - 當數據庫關閉的時候，就沒法遠程的啓動數據庫。

LSNRCTL> status listener
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                29-MAY-2015 02:40:43
Uptime                    0 days 4 hr. 48 min. 35 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/hzvscmdb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=hzvscmdb.qa.webex.com)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "tonytest.qa.webex.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "tonytest", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "tonytestXDB.qa.webex.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "tonytest", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

靜態服務註冊：status UNKNOWN - listener不知道實例的狀態，只有在進程經過其鏈接數據庫時才能知道，若是你想使用遠程管理數據庫就使用靜態監聽。 - 能夠遠程起數據庫。

LSNRCTL> status listener2
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1523)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     listener2
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                29-MAY-2015 05:05:23
Uptime                    0 days 2 hr. 25 min. 13 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/hzvscmdb/listener2/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1523)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1524)))
Services Summary...
Service "tonytest.qa.webex.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "tonytest", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

###################################################################
[oracle@hzvscmdb admin]$ more listener.ora
LISTENER2 =
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (ADDRESS_LIST=
      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1523))
      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1524))
    )
  )
SID_LIST_LISTENER2=
  (SID_LIST=
    (SID_DESC=
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME=tonytest.qa.webex.com)
      (SID_NAME=tonytest)
      (ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
     )
  )

注：LISTENER2 和 SID_LIST_LISTENER2 名字匹配

手工註冊監聽

alter system register;

修改動態註冊的默認端口1521 方法一

Alter system set local_listener='(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 0.0.0.200)(PORT = 1522))'

alter system register;

方法二

[oracle@hzvscmdb admin]$ more listener.ora
LISTENER1 =
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (ADDRESS_LIST=
      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1522))
    )
  )
SID_LIST_LISTENER1=
  (SID_LIST=
    (SID_DESC=
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME=tonytest.qa.webex.com)
      (SID_NAME=tonytest)
      (ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
     )
  )

[oracle@hzvscmdb admin]$ more tnsnames.ora
LISTENER1=
(DESCRIPTION =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 0.0.0.200)(PORT = 1522))
)

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Fri May 29 09:54:22 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning option

SQL> Alter system set local_listener= LISTENER1;

SQL> alter system register; 

SQL> show parameter local_listener;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
local_listener                       string      LISTENER1

說明：LISTENER2註冊的實例和服務器默認的監聽同樣,listener status，也就是默認的監聽狀態，咱們發現，動態監聽沒有了，剩下的靜態監聽。更進一步，咱們發現，只要咱們成功設置了local_listener的值，包括實例和服務名不和默認監聽同樣，PMON都會在等待local_listener對應的監聽。數據庫

LSNRCTL> status listener1
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1522)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     listener1
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                29-MAY-2015 09:49:26
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 9 min. 2 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/hzvscmdb/listener1/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "tonytest.qa.webex.com" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "tonytest", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "tonytest", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "tonytestXDB.qa.webex.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "tonytest", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

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