class Res { public String userName; public String sex; } class InputThread extends Thread { private Res res; public InputThread(Res res) { this.res = res; } @Override public void run() { int count = 0; while (true) { synchronized (res) { if (count == 0) { res.userName = "餘勝軍"; res.sex = "男"; } else { res.userName = "小紅"; res.sex = "女"; } count = (count + 1) % 2; } } } } class OutThrad extends Thread { private Res res; public OutThrad(Res res) { this.res = res; } @Override public void run() { while (true) { synchronized (res) { System.out.println(res.userName + "," + res.sex); } } } } public class ThreadDemo01 { public static void main(String[] args) { Res res = new Res(); InputThread inputThread = new InputThread(res); OutThrad outThrad = new OutThrad(res); inputThread.start(); outThrad.start(); } }
這種方式的問題在於,會進行屢次消費java
多線程之間通信,其實就是多個線程在操做同一個資源,可是操做的動做不一樣。安全
注意:必定要在線程同步中使用,而且是同一個鎖的資源多線程
class Res { public String userSex; public String userName; //線程通信標識 public boolean flag = false; } class IntThrad extends Thread { private Res res; public IntThrad(Res res) { this.res = res; } @Override public void run() { int count = 0; while (true) { synchronized (res) { if (res.flag) { try { // 當前線程變爲等待,可是能夠釋放鎖 res.wait(); } catch (Exception e) { } } if (count == 0) { res.userName = "小軍"; res.userSex = "男"; } else { res.userName = "小紅"; res.userSex = "女"; } count = (count + 1) % 2; res.flag = true; // 喚醒當前線程 res.notify(); } } } } class OutThread extends Thread { private Res res; public OutThread(Res res) { this.res = res; } @Override public void run() { while (true) { synchronized (res) { if (!res.flag) { try { res.wait(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception } } System.out.println(res.userName + "--" + res.userSex); res.flag = false; res.notify(); } } } } public class ThreaCommun { public static void main(String[] args) { Res res = new Res(); IntThrad intThrad = new IntThrad(res); OutThread outThread = new OutThread(res); intThrad.start(); outThread.start(); } }
對於sleep()方法,咱們首先要知道該方法是屬於Thread類中的。而wait()方法,則是屬於Object類中的。併發
sleep()方法致使了程序暫停執行指定的時間,讓出cpu該其餘線程,可是他的監控狀態依然保持者,當指定的時間到了又會自動恢復運行狀態。ide
在調用sleep()方法的過程當中,線程不會釋放對象鎖。this
而當調用wait()方法的時候,線程會放棄對象鎖,進入等待此對象的等待鎖定池,只有針對此對象調用notify()方法後本線程才進入對象鎖定池準備線程
獲取對象鎖進入運行狀態。code
在 jdk1.5 以後,併發包中新增了 Lock 接口(以及相關實現類)用來實現鎖功能,Lock 接口提供了與 synchronized 關鍵字相似的同步功能,但須要在使用時手動獲取鎖和釋放鎖。對象
Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(); lock.lock(); try{ //可能會出現線程安全的操做 }finally{ //必定在finally中釋放鎖 //也不能把獲取鎖在try中進行,由於有可能在獲取鎖的時候拋出異常 lock.ublock(); }
Condition的功能相似於在傳統的線程技術中的,Object.wait()和Object.notify()的功能。 代碼接口
Condition condition = lock.newCondition(); res. condition.await(); 相似wait res. Condition. Signal() 相似notify
class Res { public String userName; public String sex; public boolean flag = false; Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(); } class InputThread extends Thread { private Res res; Condition newCondition; public InputThread(Res res, Condition newCondition) { this.res = res; this.newCondition=newCondition; } @Override public void run() { int count = 0; while (true) { // synchronized (res) { try { res.lock.lock(); if (res.flag) { try { // res.wait(); newCondition.await(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception } } if (count == 0) { res.userName = "小軍"; res.sex = "男"; } else { res.userName = "小紅"; res.sex = "女"; } count = (count + 1) % 2; res.flag = true; // res.notify(); newCondition.signal(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception }finally { res.lock.unlock(); } } // } } } class OutThrad extends Thread { private Res res; private Condition newCondition; public OutThrad(Res res,Condition newCondition) { this.res = res; this.newCondition=newCondition; } @Override public void run() { while (true) { // synchronized (res) { try { res.lock.lock(); if (!res.flag) { try { // res.wait(); newCondition.await(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception } } System.out.println(res.userName + "," + res.sex); res.flag = false; // res.notify(); newCondition.signal(); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception }finally { res.lock.unlock(); } // } } } } public class ThreadDemo01 { public static void main(String[] args) { Res res = new Res(); Condition newCondition = res.lock.newCondition(); InputThread inputThread = new InputThread(res,newCondition); OutThrad outThrad = new OutThrad(res,newCondition); inputThread.start(); outThrad.start(); } }
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