貓哥教你寫爬蟲 027--模塊介紹

時間 2019-12-07

原文原文鏈接

time模塊

import time
# 時間對象轉美式時間字符串
print(time.asctime()) # Wed May 29 09:25:07 2019
print(time.asctime((2019, 5, 4, 12, 8, 23,0,0,0))) # Mon May 4 12:08:23 2019
# 時間戳轉美式字符串
print(time.ctime()) # Wed May 29 09:25:07 2019 不傳參數, 默認當前時間
print(time.ctime(30)) # Thu Jan 1 08:00:30 1970
# 時間戳轉時間對象
print(time.gmtime()) # time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=29, tm_hour=1, tm_min=25, tm_sec=7, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=149, tm_isdst=0)
print(time.gmtime(30)) # time.struct_time(tm_year=1970, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=1, tm_hour=0, tm_min=0, tm_sec=30, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=1, tm_isdst=0)
# 時間戳轉時間對象, 自動校訂時區
print(time.localtime()) # time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=29, tm_hour=9, tm_min=25, tm_sec=7, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=149, tm_isdst=0)
print(time.localtime(30)) # time.struct_time(tm_year=1970, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=1, tm_hour=8, tm_min=0, tm_sec=30, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=1, tm_isdst=0)
# 時間對象, 轉時間戳
print(time.mktime((2018, 2, 4, 11, 8, 23, 0, 0 ,0))) # 1517713703.0
# 時間轉換爲指定格式的時間字符串
print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')) # 2019-05-29 09:25:07
print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',(2018, 2, 4, 11, 8, 23, 0, 0 ,0))) # 2018-02-04 11:08:23
# 指定格式時間字符串轉對象
st = '2018年3月20日'
print(time.strptime(st, '%Y年%m月%d日')) # time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=20, tm_hour=0, tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=79, tm_isdst=-1)
# 獲取當前的時間戳
print(time.time()) # 1559093107.2087011
# 延遲 
time.sleep(2) # 秒數
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datetime模塊

import datetime,time
# 當前時間轉對象
print(datetime.date.today()) # 2019-05-29
print(repr(datetime.date.today())) # datetime.date(2019, 5, 29)
print(type(datetime.date.today())) # <class 'datetime.date'>
# 時間戳轉date對象
print(datetime.date.fromtimestamp(time.time())) # 2019-05-29
print(repr(datetime.date.fromtimestamp(time.time()))) # datetime.date(2019, 5, 29)
print(type(datetime.date.fromtimestamp(time.time()))) # <class 'datetime.date'>
# 根據對象, 輸出年,月,日,星期幾
d1 = datetime.date(2019, 5, 28)
print(d1.year) # 2019
print(d1.month) # 5
print(d1.day) # 28
print(d1.weekday()) # 1
print(d1.isoweekday()) # 2 更符合我們的習慣
# date對象轉時間對象(struct_time)
print(datetime.date(2019, 5, 28).timetuple()) # time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=28, tm_hour=0, tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=148, tm_isdst=-1)
# date對象轉日期元組
print(datetime.date(2019, 5, 28).isocalendar()) # (2019, 22, 2)
# date對象轉時間字符串
print(datetime.date(2019,5,28).isoformat()) # 2019-05-28
# date對象轉時間字符串, 支持自定義
print(datetime.date(2019,5,28).strftime('%Y---%m---%d')) # 2019---05---28
# 生成time對象
print(datetime.time(23,4,5)) # 23:04:05
print(type(datetime.time(23,4,5))) # 23:04:05 <class 'datetime.time'>
# # 打印時分秒
print(datetime.time(23,4,5).hour) # 23
print(datetime.time(23,4,5).minute) # 4
print(datetime.time(23,4,5).second) # 5
# 對象轉時間字符串
print(datetime.time(23,4,5).isoformat()) # 23:04:05
print(type(datetime.time(23,4,5).isoformat())) # 23:04:05 <class 'str'>
print(datetime.time(23,4,5).strftime('%H--%M--%S')) # 23--04--05
# 生成datetime對象
print(repr(datetime.datetime.today())) # datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 29, 10, 1, 43, 899419)
print(repr(datetime.datetime.now())) # datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 29, 10, 1, 43, 899419)
print(repr(datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time.time()))) # 接收時間戳作參數 datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 29, 10, 3, 4, 6960)
# 獲取date對象
print(repr(datetime.datetime.today().date().day)) # 29
# 獲取time對象
print(repr(datetime.datetime.today().time().hour)) # 10
# 格式化字符串轉datetime對象
print(repr(datetime.datetime.strptime('2019-05-04 23:24:25','%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))) # datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 4, 23, 24, 25)
# 時間增減
print(datetime.datetime(2017, 4, 8, 15, 42, 1, 656144)+datetime.timedelta(days=-1)) # 2017-04-07 15:42:01.656144
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