1.JWT定義html
JWT(Json Web Token)是一種用於雙方之間傳遞安全信息的簡潔的、URL安全的表述性聲明規範。JWT做爲一個開放的標準( RFC 7519 ),定義了一種簡潔的,自包含的方法用於通訊雙方之間以Json對象的形式安全的傳遞信息。由於數字簽名的存在,這些信息是可信的,JWT能夠使用HMAC算法或者是RSA的公私祕鑰對進行簽名。算法
2.JWT的組成部分json
(1)JWT通常由三段構成,用.號分隔開,第一段是header,第二段是payload,第三段是signature,安全
例如:eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiYWRtaW4iOnRydWV9.TJVA95OrM7E2cBab30RMHrHDcEfxjoYZgeFONFh7HgQ
ide
具體各部分介紹可查看簡書(http://www.jianshu.com/p/576dbf44b2ae)
post
3.Jwt.Net 使用url
首先,須要先引入Jwt.Net,可經過nuget的方式添加:Install-Package JWT -Version 2.4.2(本身選擇合適的版本)spa
(1)建立token,此處,咱們只須要自定義payload和secrect密鑰便可,可生成三段格式的字符串.net
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var
payload =
new
Dictionary<
string
,
object
>
{
{
"claim1"
, 0 },
{
"claim2"
,
"claim2-value"
}
};
var
secret =
"GQDstcKsx0NHjPOuXOYg5MbeJ1XT0uFiwDVvVBrk"
;
IJwtAlgorithm algorithm =
new
HMACSHA256Algorithm();
IJsonSerializer serializer =
new
JsonNetSerializer();
IBase64UrlEncoder urlEncoder =
new
JwtBase64UrlEncoder();
IJwtEncoder encoder =
new
JwtEncoder(algorithm, serializer, urlEncoder);
var
token = encoder.Encode(payload, secret);
Console.WriteLine(token);
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(2)token解密,可看到輸出爲{ "claim1": 0, "claim2": "claim2-value" },能夠用json["claim1"],json["claim2"]的方式獲取各個值,此處json爲IDictionary<string,object>類型unix
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var
token =
"eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJjbGFpbTEiOjAsImNsYWltMiI6ImNsYWltMi12YWx1ZSJ9.8pwBI_HtXqI3UgQHQ_rDRnSQRxFL1SR8fbQoS-5kM5s"
;
var
secret =
"GQDstcKsx0NHjPOuXOYg5MbeJ1XT0uFiwDVvVBrk"
;
try
{
IJsonSerializer serializer =
new
JsonNetSerializer();
IDateTimeProvider provider =
new
UtcDateTimeProvider();
IJwtValidator validator =
new
JwtValidator(serializer, provider);
IBase64UrlEncoder urlEncoder =
new
JwtBase64UrlEncoder();
IJwtDecoder decoder =
new
JwtDecoder(serializer, validator, urlEncoder);
var
json = decoder.Decode(token, secret, verify:
true
);
Console.WriteLine(json);
}
catch
(TokenExpiredException)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"Token has expired"
);
}
catch
(SignatureVerificationException)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"Token has invalid signature"
);
}
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(3)添加過時時間,過時時間即這個時間以後JWT不接受處理,時間的有效值爲某一時刻和1970/1/1 00:00:00 相差的秒數
下面的例子是當前時間到1970/1/1 00:00:00 的秒數,即過時時間爲當前時間。若是設置爲當前時間+10秒,可添加secondsSinceEpoch=secondsSinceEpoch+10
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IDateTimeProvider provider =
new
UtcDateTimeProvider();
var
now = provider.GetNow();
var
unixEpoch =
new
DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
// or use JwtValidator.UnixEpoch
var
secondsSinceEpoch = Math.Round((now - unixEpoch).TotalSeconds);
var
payload =
new
Dictionary<
string
,
object
>
{
{
"exp"
, secondsSinceEpoch }
};
var
secret =
"GQDstcKsx0NHjPOuXOYg5MbeJ1XT0uFiwDVvVBrk"
;
var
token = encoder.Encode(payload, secret);
var
json = decoder.Decode(token, secret);
// TokenExpiredException
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(4)也可自定義json解析器,只要繼承IJsonSerializer接口
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public
class
CustomJsonSerializer : IJsonSerializer
{
public
string
Serialize(
object
obj)
{
// Implement using favorite JSON Serializer
}
public
T Deserialize<T>(
string
json)
{
// Implement using favorite JSON Serializer
}
}
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使用該解析器
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IJwtAlgorithm algorithm =
new
HMACSHA256Algorithm();
IJsonSerializer serializer =
new
CustomJsonSerializer();
IBase64UrlEncoder urlEncoder =
new
JwtBase64UrlEncoder();
IJwtEncoder encoder =
new
JwtEncoder(algorithm, serializer, urlEncoder);
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