SpringBoot高級篇Redis之基本配置

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在Spring的應用中，redis能夠算是基礎操做了。那麼想要玩轉redis，咱們須要知道哪些知識點呢？

• redis配置，默認，非默認，集羣，多實例，鏈接池參數等
• redis讀寫操做，RedisTemplate的基本使用姿式
• 幾種序列化方式對比

本篇博文爲redis系列的開篇，將介紹最基本的配置

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I. redis基本配置

1. 默認配置

最簡單的使用其實開箱便可用，添加依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

本機啓動redis，一切採用默認的配置 （host:127.0.0.1, port:6379, 無密碼)

而後就能夠愉快的玩耍了，能夠直接注入redisTemplate實例，進行各類讀寫操做

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public Application(RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate) {
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("hello", "world");
        String ans = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("hello");
        Assert.isTrue("world".equals(ans));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

2. 自定義配置參數

前面是默認的配置參數，在實際的使用中，通常都會修改這些默認的配置項，若是個人應用中，只有一個redis，那麼徹底能夠只修改默認的配置參數

修改配置文件: application.yml

spring:
  redis:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 6379
    password:
    database: 0
    lettuce:
      pool:
        max-active: 32
        max-wait: 300ms
        max-idle: 16
        min-idle: 8

使用和前面沒有什麼區別，直接經過注入RedisTemplate來操做便可，須要額外注意的是設置了鏈接池的相關參數，須要額外引入依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
</dependency>

3. 多redis配置

依賴多個不一樣的redis，也就是說個人項目須要從多個redis實例中獲取數據，這種時候，就不能直接使用默認的，須要咱們本身來聲明ConnectionFactory和 RedisTemplate

配置以下

spring:
  redis:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 6379
    password:
    lettuce:
      pool:
        max-active: 32
        max-wait: 300
        max-idle: 16
        min-idle: 8
    database: 0
  local-redis:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 6379
    database: 0
    password:
    lettuce:
      pool:
        max-active: 16
        max-wait: 100
        max-idle: 8
        min-idle: 4

對應的配置類，採用Lettuce，基本設置以下，套路都差很少，先讀取配置，初始化ConnectionFactory，而後建立RedisTemplate實例，設置鏈接工廠

@Configuration
public class RedisAutoConfig {

    @Bean
    public LettuceConnectionFactory defaultLettuceConnectionFactory(RedisStandaloneConfiguration defaultRedisConfig,
            GenericObjectPoolConfig defaultPoolConfig) {
        LettuceClientConfiguration clientConfig =
                LettucePoolingClientConfiguration.builder().commandTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(100))
                        .poolConfig(defaultPoolConfig).build();
        return new LettuceConnectionFactory(defaultRedisConfig, clientConfig);
    }

    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, String> defaultRedisTemplate(
            LettuceConnectionFactory defaultLettuceConnectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(defaultLettuceConnectionFactory);
        redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
        return redisTemplate;
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnBean(name = "localRedisConfig")
    public LettuceConnectionFactory localLettuceConnectionFactory(RedisStandaloneConfiguration localRedisConfig,
            GenericObjectPoolConfig localPoolConfig) {
        LettuceClientConfiguration clientConfig =
                LettucePoolingClientConfiguration.builder().commandTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(100))
                        .poolConfig(localPoolConfig).build();
        return new LettuceConnectionFactory(localRedisConfig, clientConfig);
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnBean(name = "localLettuceConnectionFactory")
    public RedisTemplate<String, String> localRedisTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory localLettuceConnectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(localLettuceConnectionFactory);
        redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
        return redisTemplate;
    }

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "host", prefix = "spring.local-redis")
    public static class LocalRedisConfig {
        @Value("${spring.local-redis.host:127.0.0.1}")
        private String host;
        @Value("${spring.local-redis.port:6379}")
        private Integer port;
        @Value("${spring.local-redis.password:}")
        private String password;
        @Value("${spring.local-redis.database:0}")
        private Integer database;

        @Value("${spring.local-redis.lettuce.pool.max-active:8}")
        private Integer maxActive;
        @Value("${spring.local-redis.lettuce.pool.max-idle:8}")
        private Integer maxIdle;
        @Value("${spring.local-redis.lettuce.pool.max-wait:-1}")
        private Long maxWait;
        @Value("${spring.local-redis.lettuce.pool.min-idle:0}")
        private Integer minIdle;

        @Bean
        public GenericObjectPoolConfig localPoolConfig() {
            GenericObjectPoolConfig config = new GenericObjectPoolConfig();
            config.setMaxTotal(maxActive);
            config.setMaxIdle(maxIdle);
            config.setMinIdle(minIdle);
            config.setMaxWaitMillis(maxWait);
            return config;
        }

        @Bean
        public RedisStandaloneConfiguration localRedisConfig() {
            RedisStandaloneConfiguration config = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration();
            config.setHostName(host);
            config.setPassword(RedisPassword.of(password));
            config.setPort(port);
            config.setDatabase(database);
            return config;
        }
    }


    @Configuration
    public static class DefaultRedisConfig {
        @Value("${spring.redis.host:127.0.0.1}")
        private String host;
        @Value("${spring.redis.port:6379}")
        private Integer port;
        @Value("${spring.redis.password:}")
        private String password;
        @Value("${spring.redis.database:0}")
        private Integer database;

        @Value("${spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-active:8}")
        private Integer maxActive;
        @Value("${spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-idle:8}")
        private Integer maxIdle;
        @Value("${spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-wait:-1}")
        private Long maxWait;
        @Value("${spring.redis.lettuce.pool.min-idle:0}")
        private Integer minIdle;

        @Bean
        public GenericObjectPoolConfig defaultPoolConfig() {
            GenericObjectPoolConfig config = new GenericObjectPoolConfig();
            config.setMaxTotal(maxActive);
            config.setMaxIdle(maxIdle);
            config.setMinIdle(minIdle);
            config.setMaxWaitMillis(maxWait);
            return config;
        }

        @Bean
        public RedisStandaloneConfiguration defaultRedisConfig() {
            RedisStandaloneConfiguration config = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration();
            config.setHostName(host);
            config.setPassword(RedisPassword.of(password));
            config.setPort(port);
            config.setDatabase(database);
            return config;
        }
    }
}

測試類以下，簡單的演示下兩個template的讀寫

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public Application(RedisTemplate<String, String> localRedisTemplate, RedisTemplate<String, String>
            defaultRedisTemplate)
            throws InterruptedException {
        // 10s的有效時間
        localRedisTemplate.delete("key");
        localRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key", "value", 100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        String ans = localRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("key");
        System.out.println("value".equals(ans));
        TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(200);
        ans = localRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("key");
        System.out.println("value".equals(ans) + " >> false ans should be null! ans=[" + ans + "]");


        defaultRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key", "value", 100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        ans = defaultRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("key");
        System.out.println(ans);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

上面的代碼執行演示以下

上面的演示爲動圖，抓一下重點：

• 注意 localRedisTemplate, defaultRedisTemplate 兩個對象不相同（看debug窗口後面的@xxx)
• 一樣兩個RedisTemplate的ConnectionFactory也是兩個不一樣的實例（即分別對應前面配置類中的兩個Factory)
• 執行後輸出的結果正如咱們預期的redis操做
  • 塞值，立刻取出沒問題
  • 失效後，再查詢，返回null
• 最後輸出異常日誌，提示以下

Description:

Parameter 0 of method redisTemplate in org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration required a single bean, but 2 were found:
	- defaultLettuceConnectionFactory: defined by method 'defaultLettuceConnectionFactory' in class path resource [com/git/hui/boot/redis/config/RedisAutoConfig.class]
	- localLettuceConnectionFactory: defined by method 'localLettuceConnectionFactory' in class path resource [com/git/hui/boot/redis/config/RedisAutoConfig.class]


Action:

Consider marking one of the beans as @Primary, updating the consumer to accept multiple beans, or using @Qualifier to identify the bean that should be consumed

上面表示說有多個ConnectionFactory存在，而後建立默認的RedisTemplate就不知道該選擇哪個了，有兩種方法

方法一：指定默認的ConnectionFactory

藉助@Primary來指定默認的鏈接工廠，而後在使用工程的時候，經過@Qualifier註解來顯示指定，我須要的工廠是哪一個（主要是localRedisTemplate這個bean的定義，若是不加，則會根據defaultLettuceConnectionFactory這個實例來建立Redis鏈接了）

@Bean
@Primary
public LettuceConnectionFactory defaultLettuceConnectionFactory(RedisStandaloneConfiguration defaultRedisConfig,
        GenericObjectPoolConfig defaultPoolConfig) {
    // ...
}

@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, String> defaultRedisTemplate(
        @Qualifier("defaultLettuceConnectionFactory") LettuceConnectionFactory defaultLettuceConnectionFactory) {
    // ....
}

@Bean
@ConditionalOnBean(name = "localRedisConfig")
public LettuceConnectionFactory localLettuceConnectionFactory(RedisStandaloneConfiguration localRedisConfig,
        GenericObjectPoolConfig localPoolConfig) {
    // ...
}

@Bean
@ConditionalOnBean(name = "localLettuceConnectionFactory")
public RedisTemplate<String, String> localRedisTemplate(
        @Qualifier("localLettuceConnectionFactory") LettuceConnectionFactory localLettuceConnectionFactory) {
    // ...
}

方法二：忽略默認的自動配置類

既然提示的是org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration類加載bean衝突，那麼就不加載這個配置便可

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {RedisAutoConfiguration.class, RedisReactiveAutoConfiguration.class})
public class Application {
  // ...
}

II. 其餘

0. 項目

• 工程：spring-boot-demo
• module: 120-redis-config

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