多線程隊列是裝載線程任務的隊形結構。(系統以先進先出的方式調度隊列中的任務執行 FIFO)。在GCD中有兩種隊列:多線程
串行隊列、併發隊列。併發
隊列 :串行隊列、併發隊列,全局主對列,全局併發隊列異步
2.1. 串行隊列:線程只能依次有序的執行。async
2.1.1 串行方法 1函數
- (void)SerialQueueOne{ NSLog(@"串行1 start :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("test", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL); dispatch_sync(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"串行1 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); dispatch_sync(queue, ^{ for (int i = 10; i < 13; i++) { NSLog(@"串行1 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); NSLog(@"串行1 end :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); }
執行結果:::spa
2017-12-20 13:49:47.427330+0800 DeadThread[8972:2450330] 串行1 start :::<NSThread: 0x60800006ae80>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:49:47.427470+0800 DeadThread[8972:2450330] 串行1 index 0 ::: <NSThread: 0x60800006ae80>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:49:47.427567+0800 DeadThread[8972:2450330] 串行1 index 1 ::: <NSThread: 0x60800006ae80>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:49:47.427636+0800 DeadThread[8972:2450330] 串行1 index 2 ::: <NSThread: 0x60800006ae80>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:49:47.427696+0800 DeadThread[8972:2450330] 串行1 index 10 ::: <NSThread: 0x60800006ae80>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:49:47.427819+0800 DeadThread[8972:2450330] 串行1 index 11 ::: <NSThread: 0x60800006ae80>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:49:47.427893+0800 DeadThread[8972:2450330] 串行1 index 12 ::: <NSThread: 0x60800006ae80>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:49:47.427966+0800 DeadThread[8972:2450330] 串行1 end :::<NSThread: 0x60800006ae80>{number = 1, name = main}
獲得結果:::線程
1.代碼順序 執行;blog
2.1.2 串行方法 2隊列
- (void)SerialQueueTwo{ NSLog(@"串行2 start :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("test", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL); dispatch_async(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"串行2 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); dispatch_async(queue, ^{ for (int i = 10; i < 13; i++) { NSLog(@"串行2 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); NSLog(@"串行2 end :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); }
執行結果:::get
2017-12-20 13:50:47.130380+0800 DeadThread[8993:2458517] 串行1 start :::<NSThread: 0x60c000071300>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:50:47.130533+0800 DeadThread[8993:2458517] 串行1 index 0 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c000071300>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:50:47.130648+0800 DeadThread[8993:2458517] 串行1 index 1 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c000071300>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:50:47.130724+0800 DeadThread[8993:2458517] 串行1 index 2 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c000071300>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:50:47.130896+0800 DeadThread[8993:2458517] 串行1 index 10 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c000071300>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:50:47.130979+0800 DeadThread[8993:2458517] 串行1 index 11 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c000071300>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:50:47.131057+0800 DeadThread[8993:2458517] 串行1 index 12 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c000071300>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:50:47.131130+0800 DeadThread[8993:2458517] 串行1 end :::<NSThread: 0x60c000071300>{number = 1, name = main}
獲得結果:::
1.沒有開啓線程
2.代碼順序執行;
2.2 併發隊列:線程能夠同時一塊兒進行執行。其實是CPU在多條線程之間快速的切換。(併發功能只有在異步(dispatch_async)函數下才有效)
2.2.1 併發方法 1
- (void)concurrentQueueOne{ NSLog(@"併發1 start :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("test", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT); dispatch_sync(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"併發1 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); dispatch_sync(queue, ^{ for (int i = 10; i < 13; i++) { NSLog(@"併發1 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); NSLog(@"併發1 end :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); }
執行結果:::
2017-12-20 13:52:37.606997+0800 DeadThread[9023:2470506] 併發1 start :::<NSThread: 0x608000261600>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:52:37.607130+0800 DeadThread[9023:2470506] 併發1 index 0 ::: <NSThread: 0x608000261600>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:52:37.607197+0800 DeadThread[9023:2470506] 併發1 index 1 ::: <NSThread: 0x608000261600>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:52:37.607447+0800 DeadThread[9023:2470506] 併發1 index 2 ::: <NSThread: 0x608000261600>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:52:37.607685+0800 DeadThread[9023:2470506] 併發1 index 10 ::: <NSThread: 0x608000261600>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:52:37.607891+0800 DeadThread[9023:2470506] 併發1 index 11 ::: <NSThread: 0x608000261600>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:52:37.608056+0800 DeadThread[9023:2470506] 併發1 index 12 ::: <NSThread: 0x608000261600>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:52:37.608190+0800 DeadThread[9023:2470506] 併發1 end :::<NSThread: 0x608000261600>{number = 1, name = main}
獲得結果:::
1.線程順序執行
2.2.2 併發方法 2
- (void)concurrentQueueTwo{ NSLog(@"併發2 start :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("test", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT); dispatch_async(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"併發2 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); dispatch_async(queue, ^{ for (int i = 10; i < 13; i++) { NSLog(@"併發2 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); NSLog(@"併發2 end :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); }
執行結果::;
2017-12-20 13:56:45.573695+0800 DeadThread[9084:2492640] 併發2 start :::<NSThread: 0x604000077d80>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:56:45.573891+0800 DeadThread[9084:2492640] 併發2 end :::<NSThread: 0x604000077d80>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 13:56:45.573907+0800 DeadThread[9084:2492674] 併發2 index 0 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c000265a40>{number = 3, name = (null)} 2017-12-20 13:56:45.573908+0800 DeadThread[9084:2492675] 併發2 index 10 ::: <NSThread: 0x60400026f000>{number = 4, name = (null)} 2017-12-20 13:56:45.574283+0800 DeadThread[9084:2492674] 併發2 index 1 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c000265a40>{number = 3, name = (null)} 2017-12-20 13:56:45.574344+0800 DeadThread[9084:2492675] 併發2 index 11 ::: <NSThread: 0x60400026f000>{number = 4, name = (null)} 2017-12-20 13:56:45.574420+0800 DeadThread[9084:2492675] 併發2 index 12 ::: <NSThread: 0x60400026f000>{number = 4, name = (null)} 2017-12-20 13:56:45.574422+0800 DeadThread[9084:2492674] 併發2 index 2 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c000265a40>{number = 3, name = (null)}
獲得結果:::
1.添加兩個 任務代碼塊,開啓兩個線程;
2.子線程中代碼 不是按順序執行
2.3 全局主隊列::::
2.3.1 主隊列 同步 死鎖
- (void)syncMain { NSLog(@"\n\n**************主隊列同步,放到主線程會死鎖***************\n\n"); // 主隊列 dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_main_queue(); dispatch_sync(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"主隊列同步1 %@",[NSThread currentThread]); } }); dispatch_sync(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"主隊列同步2 %@",[NSThread currentThread]); } }); dispatch_sync(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"主隊列同步3 %@",[NSThread currentThread]); } }); }
死鎖緣由:::
若是在主線程中運用主隊列同步,也就是把任務放到了主線程的隊列中。 而同步對於任務是馬上執行的,那麼當把第一個任務放進主隊列時,它就會立馬執行。 但是主線程如今正在處理syncMain方法,任務須要等syncMain執行完才能執行。 syncMain執行到第一個任務的時候,又要等第一個任務執行完才能往下執行第二個和第三個任務。 這樣syncMain方法和第一個任務就開始了互相等待,造成了死鎖。
2.3.2 主隊列 異步
- (void)asyncMain { NSLog(@"**************主隊列異步***************"); // 主隊列 dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_main_queue(); dispatch_async(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"主隊列異步1 %@",[NSThread currentThread]); } }); dispatch_async(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"主隊列異步2 %@",[NSThread currentThread]); } }); dispatch_async(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"主隊列異步3 %@",[NSThread currentThread]); } }); }
執行結果:::
2017-12-20 14:20:01.729412+0800 DeadThread[9257:2636939] **************主隊列異步*************** 2017-12-20 14:20:01.732208+0800 DeadThread[9257:2636939] 主隊列異步1 <NSThread: 0x604000261080>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:20:01.732326+0800 DeadThread[9257:2636939] 主隊列異步1 <NSThread: 0x604000261080>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:20:01.732456+0800 DeadThread[9257:2636939] 主隊列異步1 <NSThread: 0x604000261080>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:20:01.732726+0800 DeadThread[9257:2636939] 主隊列異步2 <NSThread: 0x604000261080>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:20:01.732931+0800 DeadThread[9257:2636939] 主隊列異步2 <NSThread: 0x604000261080>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:20:01.733026+0800 DeadThread[9257:2636939] 主隊列異步2 <NSThread: 0x604000261080>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:20:01.733128+0800 DeadThread[9257:2636939] 主隊列異步3 <NSThread: 0x604000261080>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:20:01.733251+0800 DeadThread[9257:2636939] 主隊列異步3 <NSThread: 0x604000261080>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:20:01.733502+0800 DeadThread[9257:2636939] 主隊列異步3 <NSThread: 0x604000261080>{number = 1, name = main}
獲得結果:::
1. 主隊列是個同步隊列
2.4 全局併發隊列
2.4.1
- (void)globalQueueOne{ NSLog(@"global1 start :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("test", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL); dispatch_sync(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"global1 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); dispatch_sync(queue, ^{ for (int i = 10; i < 13; i++) { NSLog(@"global1 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); NSLog(@"global1 end :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); }
執行結果:::
2017-12-20 14:27:02.302953+0800 DeadThread[9352:2669397] global1 start :::<NSThread: 0x6000000655c0>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:27:02.303132+0800 DeadThread[9352:2669397] global1 index 0 ::: <NSThread: 0x6000000655c0>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:27:02.303230+0800 DeadThread[9352:2669397] global1 index 1 ::: <NSThread: 0x6000000655c0>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:27:02.303322+0800 DeadThread[9352:2669397] global1 index 2 ::: <NSThread: 0x6000000655c0>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:27:02.303397+0800 DeadThread[9352:2669397] global1 index 10 ::: <NSThread: 0x6000000655c0>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:27:02.303467+0800 DeadThread[9352:2669397] global1 index 11 ::: <NSThread: 0x6000000655c0>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:27:02.303557+0800 DeadThread[9352:2669397] global1 index 12 ::: <NSThread: 0x6000000655c0>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:27:02.303638+0800 DeadThread[9352:2669397] global1 end :::<NSThread: 0x6000000655c0>{number = 1, name = main}
2.4.2
- (void)globalQueueTwo{ NSLog(@"global2 start :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("test", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT); dispatch_async(queue, ^{ for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { NSLog(@"global2 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); dispatch_async(queue, ^{ for (int i = 10; i < 13; i++) { NSLog(@"global2 index %d ::: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]); } }); NSLog(@"global2 end :::%@",[NSThread currentThread]); }
執行結果:::
2017-12-20 14:28:27.498062+0800 DeadThread[9382:2678820] global2 start :::<NSThread: 0x600000076700>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:28:27.498208+0800 DeadThread[9382:2678820] global2 end :::<NSThread: 0x600000076700>{number = 1, name = main} 2017-12-20 14:28:27.498250+0800 DeadThread[9382:2679707] global2 index 0 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c0000779c0>{number = 3, name = (null)} 2017-12-20 14:28:27.498260+0800 DeadThread[9382:2679706] global2 index 10 ::: <NSThread: 0x60400007e800>{number = 4, name = (null)} 2017-12-20 14:28:27.498555+0800 DeadThread[9382:2679707] global2 index 1 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c0000779c0>{number = 3, name = (null)} 2017-12-20 14:28:27.498692+0800 DeadThread[9382:2679706] global2 index 11 ::: <NSThread: 0x60400007e800>{number = 4, name = (null)} 2017-12-20 14:28:27.498710+0800 DeadThread[9382:2679707] global2 index 2 ::: <NSThread: 0x60c0000779c0>{number = 3, name = (null)} 2017-12-20 14:28:27.498753+0800 DeadThread[9382:2679706] global2 index 12 ::: <NSThread: 0x60400007e800>{number = 4, name = (null)}