什麼是GTID?mysql
GTID就是全局事務ID(global transaction identifier ),最初由google實現,官方MySQL在5.6才加入該功能。GTID其實是由UUID+TID組成的。其中UUID是一個MySQL實例的惟一標識。TID表明了該實例上已經提交的事務數量,而且隨着事務提交單調遞增。linux
什麼是多源複製?sql
多源複製意味着一個服務器能從多個從服務器上覆制。這是MariaDB 10.0的一個新特性。數據庫
實驗系統:CentOS 6.6_x86_64vim
實驗前提:防火牆和selinux都關閉服務器
實驗說明:本實驗共有3臺主機,IP分配如拓撲dom
實驗軟件:mariadb-10.0.20ide
實驗拓撲:測試
1、準備工做google
1.修改三臺主機的名字,對應以下:
2.三臺主機配置相同的hosts文件爲以下內容:
3.安裝mariadb:
tar xf mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ cd /usr/local/ ln -sv mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64 mysql mkdir -pv /mydata/data useradd -r mysql chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/ cd mysql/ chown -R root.mysql . scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/ cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on
4.修改配置文件:
vim /etc/my.cnf ---------------------------------> [mysqld] datadir = /mydata/data
5.建立虛擬機鏡像(可選):
爲了試驗不受干擾,作完GTID試驗我會將三臺主機恢復至初始狀態。
2、GTID複製
1.將mysql1配置爲master:
[mysqld] server-id = 1 binlog-format=ROW log-bin=/mydata/data/master-bin log-slave-updates=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1 slave-parallel-threads=2 binlog-checksum=CRC32 master-verify-checksum=1 slave-sql-verify-checksum=1 binlog-rows-query-log_events=1 report-host=mysql1
2.將mysql2配置爲slave:
[mysqld] server-id = 2 binlog-format=ROW log-bin=/mydata/data/mysql-bin log-slave-updates=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1 slave-parallel-threads=2 binlog-checksum=CRC32 master-verify-checksum=1 slave-sql-verify-checksum=1 binlog-rows-query-log_events=1 report-host=mysql2
3.將mysql3配置爲slave:
[mysqld] server-id = 3 binlog-format=ROW log-bin=/mydata/data/mysql-bin log-slave-updates=true master-info-repository=TABLE relay-log-info-repository=TABLE sync-master-info=1 slave-parallel-threads=2 binlog-checksum=CRC32 master-verify-checksum=1 slave-sql-verify-checksum=1 binlog-rows-query-log_events=1 report-host=mysql3
4.在master節點建立複製用戶:
service mysqld start
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --------------------------------------------> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'jason'@'192.168.19.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
5.在兩臺slave節點同時操做:
service mysqld start /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -------------------------------------------> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='mysql1',MASTER_USER='jason',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_USE_GTID=slave_pos; START SLAVE;
6.在slave節點查看狀態:
SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: mysql1 Master_User: jason Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-bin.000007 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 321 Relay_Log_File: mysql2-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 613 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000007 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
... Using_Gtid: Slave_Pos
SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE '%gtid%'; +------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------------+-------+ | gtid_binlog_pos | 0-1-3 | | gtid_binlog_state | 0-1-3 | | gtid_current_pos | 0-1-3 | | gtid_domain_id | 0 | | gtid_ignore_duplicates | OFF | | gtid_slave_pos | 0-1-3 | | gtid_strict_mode | OFF | +------------------------+-------+
7.測試,在master節點建立數據庫,並在其餘兩個節點進行查看:
CREATE DATABASE jjj; //主節點建立數據庫 SHOW DATABASES; //從節點查看
能夠看到兩臺從服務器均可以正常複製主服務器的數據了,試驗成功。下面進行多源複製的實驗,我將全部主機恢復虛擬快照至原始狀態。
3、多源複製
1.我將mysql1和mysql2配置爲master主機,mysql3配置爲slave主機,編輯配置文件:
mysql1:
[mysqld] server-id = 1 log-bin=/mydata/data/mysql-bin
mysql2:
[mysqld] server-id = 2 log-bin=/mydata/data/mysql-bin
mysql3:
[mysqld]
#log-bin=mysql-bin #binlog_format=mixed server-id = 3 relay_log=/mydata/data/relay-log
2.mysql1和mysql2建立複製用戶:
service mysqld start /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --------------------------------------------> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'192.168.19.66' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
2.查看兩臺主機的二進制日誌位置,這裏兩臺位置剛好一致:
SHOW MASTER LOGS;
3.mysql3上配置CHANGE MASTER:
service mysqld start /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -----------------------------------------------> CHANGE MASTER 'm1' TO MASTER_HOST='mysql1',MASTER_USER='slave',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=647; CHANGE MASTER 'm2' TO MASTER_HOST='mysql2',MASTER_USER='slave',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=647; START ALL SLAVES;
SHOW ALL SLAVES STATUS\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Connection_name: m1 Slave_SQL_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: mysql1 Master_User: slave Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 647 Relay_Log_File: relay-log-m1.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 535 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
... *************************** 2. row *************************** Connection_name: m2 Slave_SQL_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: mysql2 Master_User: slave Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 647 Relay_Log_File: relay-log-m2.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 535 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
...
4.測試:
mysql1:
CREATE DATABASE mydb1;
CREATE TABLE mydb1.jjj (id int);
mysql2:
CREATE DATABASE mydb2;
CREATE TABLE mydb2.jjj (id int);
mysql3:
SHOW DATABASES;
SHOW TABLES FROM mydb1;
SHOW TABLES FROM mydb2;
至此,多源複製也演示完畢,謝謝!若有問題,請聯繫我,QQ:82800452