Python模塊、擴展和應用程序能夠按如下幾種形式進行打包和發佈:
python setup.py獲取幫助的方式
python setup.py --help
python setup.py --help-commands 全部能夠使用的命令,如build,install
python setup.py COMMAND --help 獲取特定命令的幫助
python setup.py COMMAND --help-formats 獲取特定命令支持使用的格式
打包
1.壓縮文件(使用distutils)
Windows的Zip文件和類Unix平臺的.tar.gz文件
2.自動解包或自動安裝可執行文件
Windows中的.exe文件
3.自包含的,不要求安裝的預備運行科執行程序
Windows的.exe文件、Unix上帶有一個小的腳本前綴的ZIP壓縮文件、Mac上的.app文件等
4.平臺相關的安裝程序
Windows上的.msi文件、Linux上常見的.rpm、src.rpm和.dep文件等
5.Python eggs
較流行的第三方擴展
發佈
「發佈」是指一個文件集合,這些文件聯合在一塊兒可以使用distutils構建、打包和發佈模塊
建立好的發佈能夠用於安裝,可上傳到ftp,上傳到各大網絡讓人下載,也可上傳到PyPI與他人共享
建立發佈
將各代碼文件組織到模塊容器中
準備一個README或README.txt文件
然後在容器中建立setup.py文件
setup.py中setup()中可用參數:
platforms: 平臺列表
license: 許可證
py_modules: 各模塊名稱組成的列表,此些模塊可能位於包的根目錄下(modname),也可能位於某子包目錄中(subpkg1.modname)
packages: 各子包名稱的列表
......
setup.py關鍵字大致分爲兩類:
1.元數據信息
2.包中的內容列表
python setup.py sdist打包(會指定默認格式tar.gz)
能夠爲sdist指定打包格式:
zip: zip file
gztar: tar.gz file
bztar: tar.bz2 vil2
ztar: tar.Z file
tar: tar file
指定格式sdist打包的方式:
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[root@kurol pkg1]# python36 setup.py sdist --help-formats
List of available source distribution formats:
--formats=bztar bzip2'ed tar-file
--formats=gztar gzip'ed tar-file
--formats=tar uncompressed tar file
--formats=xztar xz'ed tar-file
--formats=zip ZIP file
--formats=ztar compressed tar file
python setup.py bdist打包(二進制發行版)(會指定默認格式tar.gz)
能夠爲bdist指定的格式:
gztar: tar.gz file
ztar: tar.Z file
zip: zip file
rpm: RPM Package
pkgtool: Solaris pkgtool
wininst: Windows上自解壓的zip格式包
msi:Microsoft Installer
指定格式sdist打包的方式:
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[root@kurol pkg1]# python36 setup.py bdist --help-formats
List of available distribution formats:
--formats=rpm RPM distribution
--formats=gztar gzip'ed tar file
--formats=bztar bzip2'ed tar file
--formats=xztar xz'ed tar file
--formats=ztar compressed tar file
--formats=tar tar file
--formats=wininst Windows executable installer
--formats=zip ZIP file
--formats=msi Microsoft Installer
打包 ,例:
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[root@kurol python361]# cd pkg1/
[root@kurol pkg1]# ls
__init__.py __pycache__ mymmm.py
[root@kurol pkg1]# touch REMAIN.txt
[root@kurol pkg1]# touch setup.py
[root@kurol pkg1]# vim setup.py
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#!/usr/bin/python36
#
from distutils.core import setup
setup(
name = 'pkg1',
version = '1.0',
author = 'MageEdu',
author_email = 'email@mykurol.com',
py_modules = ['mymmm'],
url = 'http://www.mykurol.com',
download_url = 'http://www.mykurol.com/pymodules/download/',
description = 'test module',
)
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[root@kurol pkg1]# python36 setup.py sdist
running sdist
running check
warning: sdist: manifest template 'MANIFEST.in' does not exist (using default file list)
warning: sdist: standard file not found: should have one of README, README.txt
file yammm.py (for module yammm) not found
writing manifest file 'MANIFEST'
creating pkg1-1.0
making hard links in pkg1-1.0...
hard linking setup.py -> pkg1-1.0
creating dist
Creating tar archive
removing 'pkg1-1.0' (and everything under it)
[root@kurol pkg1]# ls ##自動生成了MANIFEST文件
MANIFEST REMAIN.txt __init__.py __pycache__ dist mymmm.py setup.py
[root@kurol pkg1]# cd dist/
[root@kurol dist]# ls
<strong>pkg1-1.0.tar.gz</strong>
使用bdist
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[root@kurol dist]# cd -
/opt/python361/pkg1
[root@kurol pkg1]# python36 setup.py bdist
running bdist
running bdist_dumb
running build
running build_py
file yammm.py (for module yammm) not found
file yammm.py (for module yammm) not found
installing to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb
running install
running install_lib
warning: install_lib: 'build/lib' does not exist -- no Python modules to install
running install_egg_info
Creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb/usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages/
Writing build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb/usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg1-1.0-py3.6.egg-info
Creating tar archive
removing 'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb' (and everything under it)
[root@kurol pkg1]# cd dist/
[root@kurol dist]# ls
<strong>pkg1-1.0.linux-x86_64.tar.gz</strong> pkg1-1.0.tar.gz
指定爲zip格式:
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[root@kurol pkg1]# python36 setup.py bdist --formats=zip
running bdist
running bdist_dumb
running build
running build_py
file yammm.py (for module yammm) not found
file yammm.py (for module yammm) not found
installing to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb
running install
running install_lib
warning: install_lib: 'build/lib' does not exist -- no Python modules to install
running install_egg_info
Creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb/usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages/
Writing build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb/usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg1-1.0-py3.6.egg-info
creating '/opt/python361/pkg1/dist/pkg1-1.0.linux-x86_64.zip' and adding '.' to it
adding 'usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg1-1.0-py3.6.egg-info'
removing 'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb' (and everything under it)
[root@kurol pkg1]# cd dist/
[root@kurol dist]# ls
pkg1-1.0.linux-x86_64.tar.gz <strong>pkg1-1.0.linux-x86_64.zip</strong> pkg1-1.0.tar.gz
安裝包
python setup.py install
build and install:
python setup.py build:
--build-base /path/to/build_dir ##指定build路徑,build在其餘路徑進行,保證源碼的整潔程度
lib,lib.platform
第三方模塊的大多數默認路徑一般爲:site-packages(站點包)
如 /usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages
第三方模塊自定義安裝路徑:
--user 若是用戶沒有寫權限,安裝到指定用戶的目錄下(只有普通權限,沒有辦法寫到公共目錄中)
--prefix 指定python庫文件的安裝路徑(對公共目錄有寫權限才能操做)
--exec-prefix 跟python無關的,有其餘語言所實現的跟平臺有關的,已經編譯好的相關文件的安裝路徑(對公共目錄有寫權限才能操做)
深度定製 (指望對python模塊安裝作深度定製)(路徑都是本身定義):
--install-purelib /path/to/python_lib (純Python庫文件)
--install-platlib /paht/to/plat_lib (擴展模塊,其餘語言所實現的)
--install-lib /path/to/lib ( 也可不加區分)
若是同時出現前面3種,第三種lib覆蓋前面2種,lib優先級最高。
--install-scripts /path/to/bin(可執行文件的安裝路徑)
--install-data (指定數據文件安裝路徑)
--install-headers(指定C代碼的頭文件安裝路徑)
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做者:KurolZ
來源:CSDN
原文:https://blog.csdn.net/hjxzt1/article/details/73741495 python