Android藍牙通訊

Android爲藍牙設備之間的通訊封裝好了一些調用接口，使得實現Android的藍牙通訊功能並不困難。可經過UUID使兩個設備直接創建鏈接。

具體步驟：

1. 獲取BluetoothAdapter實例，註冊一個BroadcastReceiver監聽藍牙掃描過程當中的狀態變化

 

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1	mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

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1 2	IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);

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private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {          @Override          public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {              String action = intent.getAction();                  // When discovery finds a device              if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action))              {                  // Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent                  // 經過EXTRA_DEVICE附加域來獲得一個BluetoothDevice設備                  BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);                                    // If it's already paired, skip it, because it's been listed already                  // 若是這個設備是未曾配對過的，添加到list列表                  if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED)                  {                      list.add( new ChatMessage(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress(), false ));                      clientAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                      mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1 );                  }              // When discovery is finished, change the Activity title              }              else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action))              {                  setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility( false );                  if (mListView.getCount() == 0 )                  {                      list.add( new ChatMessage( "沒有發現藍牙設備" , false ));                      clientAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                      mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1 );                  }              }          }      };

 

2. 打開藍牙(enable)，並設置藍牙的可見性(能夠被其它設備掃描到，客戶端是主動發請求的，可不設置，服務端必須設置可見)。

 

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if (mBluetoothAdapter != null ) {      if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {          // 發送打開藍牙的意圖，系統會彈出一個提示對話框          Intent enableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);          startActivityForResult(enableIntent, RESULT_FIRST_USER);                    // 設置藍牙的可見性，最大值3600秒，默認120秒，0表示永遠可見(做爲客戶端，可見性能夠不設置，服務端必需要設置)          Intent displayIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);          displayIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 0 );          startActivity(displayIntent);                    // 直接打開藍牙          mBluetoothAdapter.enable();      } }

 

3. 掃描，startDiscovery()方法是一個很耗性能的操做，在掃描以前能夠先使用getBondedDevices()獲取已經配對過的設備(可直接鏈接)，避免沒必要要的消耗。

 

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private void scanDevice() {      // TODO Auto-generated method stub      if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {          mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();      } else {                    // 每次掃描前都先判斷一下是否存在已經配對過的設備          Set<bluetoothdevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();          if (pairedDevices.size() > 0 ) {              for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {                  list.add( new ChatMessage(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress(), true ));              }          } else {                  list.add( new ChatMessage( "No devices have been paired" , true ));                  clientAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                  mListView.setSelection(list.size() - 1 );           }                            /* 開始搜索 */               mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();      } }</bluetoothdevice>

 

4. 經過Mac地址發送鏈接請求，在這以前必須使用cancelDiscovery()方法中止掃描。

 

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mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();   // 經過Mac地址去嘗試鏈接一個設備 BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(BluetoothMsg.BlueToothAddress);

 

5. 經過UUID使兩個設備之間創建鏈接。

客戶端：主動發請求

 

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BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString( "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" ));                  // 經過socket鏈接服務器，這是一個阻塞過程，直到鏈接創建或者鏈接失效 socket.connect();

 

服務端：接受一個請求

 

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BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(PROTOCOL_SCHEME_RFCOMM,                     UUID.fromString( "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" ));                    /* 接受客戶端的鏈接請求 */ // 這是一個阻塞過程，直到創建一個鏈接或者鏈接失效 // 經過BluetoothServerSocket獲得一個BluetoothSocket對象，管理這個鏈接 BluetoothSocket socket = mServerSocket.accept();

 

6. 經過InputStream／outputStream讀寫數據流，已達到通訊目的。

 

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1 2	OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream(); os.write(msg.getBytes());

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InputStream is = null ; try {      is = socket.getInputStream(); } catch (IOException e) {      // TODO Auto-generated catch block      e.printStackTrace(); }

 

7. 關閉全部線程以及socket，並關閉藍牙設備(disable)。

 

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if (mClientThread != null ) {      mClientThread.interrupt();      mClientThread = null ; } if (mReadThread != null ) {      mReadThread.interrupt();      mReadThread = null ; } try {      if (socket != null ) {          socket.close();          socket = null ;      } } catch (IOException e) {      // TODO: handle exception }

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if (mBluetoothAdapter != null ) {      mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();      // 關閉藍牙      mBluetoothAdapter.disable(); } unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);

主要步驟就是這些，爲了可以更好的理解，我將服務器端和客戶端的代碼分開來寫了兩個程序，下載地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/visionliao/8417235

 

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