mysql 主從複製詳解

時間 2019-12-28

標籤 mysql 主從複製詳解欄目 MySQL 简体版

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操做系統 Centos 6.4 x86_64node

軟件版本 mysql 5.5.37mysql

一主-從複製（異步）sql

當主-從服務器都剛完成mysql安裝，沒有數據vim

主服務器 192.168.200.127api

從服務器 192.168.200.128服務器

1 時間同步session

[root@node1 ~]# ntpdate ntp.api.bz
[root@node2 ~]# ntpdate ntp.api.bz

2 配置masterless

1 修改配置文件異步

sql_log_bin=on
log_bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
innodb_file_per_table=1

2受權複製用戶ide

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to  identified by ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

3重啓mysql服務

[root@node1 ~]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

3 配置slave

1 修改配置文件

[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
relay_log = relay-log
server-id = 10

2 重啓mysql服務

[root@node2 ~]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

3 鏈接主服務器

主服務器

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |      107 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

從服務器

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.200.127',master_user='user',master_password='redhat';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event   Master_Host: 192.168.200.127
                  Master_User: user
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 186
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000003
                Relay_Log_Pos: 332
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 186
              Relay_Log_Space: 857
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row  set (0.00 sec)

4 主從複製測試

master

mysql> create database db;
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db                 |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec

slave

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db                 |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

二當主服務器已有數據

1 master 備份

[root@node1 ~]# mysqldump -uroot --all-databases --lock-all-table --master-data=2 --events > all.sql

2 複製sql文件至從服務器

[root@node1 ~]# scp all.sql 192.168.200.128:/tmp/

3 salve 恢復

mysql> source /tmp/all.sql

4 查看備份二進制文件位置

[root@node1 ~]# less all.sql 
-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE=, MASTER_LOG_POS=809;

5 複製

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.200.127',master_user='user',master_password='redhat',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002,master_log_pos=809;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for  master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.200.127
                  Master_User: user
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 809
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 253
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 809
              Relay_Log_Space: 403
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row  set (0.00 sec)

三半同步複製

1 安裝插件

mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_slave.so' ;
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1; 
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 2000;

2 修改配置文件

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1
rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 2000

3 重啓服務

[root@node1 ~]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

slave

1安裝插件

mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME ;
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1; 
mysql> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD;
mysql> START SLAVE IO_THREAD;

2修改配置文件

[root@node2 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1

3 重啓服務

[root@node2 mysql]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

4 查看狀態

master

mysql> show global status like 'rep_semi%';
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                              | Value |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients               | 1     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time     | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time         | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits             | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times              | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx                 | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status                | ON    |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures     | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time      | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time          | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits              | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions         | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx                | 0     |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)

slave

mysql> show global status like 'rpl_semi%' ;
+----------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name              | Value |
+----------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_slave_status | ON    |
+----------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

半同步複製完成