通常在框架中都會用到composer工具,用它來管理依賴。其中composer有類的自動加載機制,能夠加載composer下載的庫中的全部的類文件。那麼composer的自動加載機制是怎麼實現的呢?php
以在Laravel框架中爲例:html
首先在入口文件(/public/index.php)中引入了autoload.php數組
require __DIR__.'/../vendor/autoload.php';
咱們看看autoload.php的內容緩存
require_once __DIR__ . '/composer/autoload_real.php'; return ComposerAutoloaderInit1215780529014c2b50a6fca7ce889273::getLoader();
咱們再看看 autoload_real.php的內容composer
<?php // autoload_real.php @generated by Composer class ComposerAutoloaderInit1215780529014c2b50a6fca7ce889273 { private static $loader; public static function loadClassLoader($class) { if ('Composer\Autoload\ClassLoader' === $class) { require __DIR__ . '/ClassLoader.php'; } } public static function getLoader() { if (null !== self::$loader) { return self::$loader; } spl_autoload_register(array('ComposerAutoloaderInit1215780529014c2b50a6fca7ce889273', 'loadClassLoader'), true, true); self::$loader = $loader = new \Composer\Autoload\ClassLoader(); spl_autoload_unregister(array('ComposerAutoloaderInit1215780529014c2b50a6fca7ce889273', 'loadClassLoader')); $useStaticLoader = PHP_VERSION_ID >= 50600 && !defined('HHVM_VERSION') && (!function_exists('zend_loader_file_encoded') || !zend_loader_file_encoded()); if ($useStaticLoader) { require_once __DIR__ . '/autoload_static.php'; call_user_func(\Composer\Autoload\ComposerStaticInit1215780529014c2b50a6fca7ce889273::getInitializer($loader)); } else { $map = require __DIR__ . '/autoload_namespaces.php'; foreach ($map as $namespace => $path) { $loader->set($namespace, $path); } $map = require __DIR__ . '/autoload_psr4.php'; foreach ($map as $namespace => $path) { $loader->setPsr4($namespace, $path); } $classMap = require __DIR__ . '/autoload_classmap.php'; if ($classMap) { $loader->addClassMap($classMap); } } $loader->register(true); if ($useStaticLoader) { $includeFiles = Composer\Autoload\ComposerStaticInit1215780529014c2b50a6fca7ce889273::$files; } else { $includeFiles = require __DIR__ . '/autoload_files.php'; } foreach ($includeFiles as $fileIdentifier => $file) { composerRequire1215780529014c2b50a6fca7ce889273($fileIdentifier, $file); } return $loader; } } function composerRequire1215780529014c2b50a6fca7ce889273($fileIdentifier, $file) { if (empty($GLOBALS['__composer_autoload_files'][$fileIdentifier])) { require $file; $GLOBALS['__composer_autoload_files'][$fileIdentifier] = true; } }
能夠看出這一段是composer自動加載的重點,首先在 autoload.php中調用ComposerAutoloaderInit1215780529014c2b50a6fca7ce889273::getLoader()方法,getLoader()首先判斷當前\(loader是否是null,若是不爲null就直接返回,不然就初始化一個ClassLoader類給賦值給\)loader,接着將autoload_namespaces.php、autoload_psr4.php、autoload_classmap.php文件中的內容加入到$loader中對應的數組中,而後給註冊loadClass函數,將autoload_files.php中的全部路徑所示的文件都包含進來,當在new一個類的時候若是沒有找到相關的類就會觸發這個loadClass函數,在loadClass()又調用了findFile()去查找相應的文件,找到相應文件後就會返回該文件,而後loadClass調用includeFile()方法將該文件include進去,不然findFile返回false,這樣就完成了自動加載框架
下面來看一下 findFile()函數
public function findFile($class) { // class map lookup if (isset($this->classMap[$class])) { return $this->classMap[$class]; } if ($this->classMapAuthoritative || isset($this->missingClasses[$class])) { return false; } if (null !== $this->apcuPrefix) { $file = apcu_fetch($this->apcuPrefix.$class, $hit); if ($hit) { return $file; } } $file = $this->findFileWithExtension($class, '.php'); // Search for Hack files if we are running on HHVM if (false === $file && defined('HHVM_VERSION')) { $file = $this->findFileWithExtension($class, '.hh'); } if (null !== $this->apcuPrefix) { apcu_add($this->apcuPrefix.$class, $file); } if (false === $file) { // Remember that this class does not exist. $this->missingClasses[$class] = true; } return $file; } private function findFileWithExtension($class, $ext) { // PSR-4 lookup $logicalPathPsr4 = strtr($class, '\\', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) . $ext; $first = $class[0]; if (isset($this->prefixLengthsPsr4[$first])) { $subPath = $class; while (false !== $lastPos = strrpos($subPath, '\\')) { $subPath = substr($subPath, 0, $lastPos); $search = $subPath.'\\'; if (isset($this->prefixDirsPsr4[$search])) { $pathEnd = DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . substr($logicalPathPsr4, $lastPos + 1); foreach ($this->prefixDirsPsr4[$search] as $dir) { if (file_exists($file = $dir . $pathEnd)) { return $file; } } } } } // PSR-4 fallback dirs foreach ($this->fallbackDirsPsr4 as $dir) { if (file_exists($file = $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $logicalPathPsr4)) { return $file; } } // PSR-0 lookup if (false !== $pos = strrpos($class, '\\')) { // namespaced class name $logicalPathPsr0 = substr($logicalPathPsr4, 0, $pos + 1) . strtr(substr($logicalPathPsr4, $pos + 1), '_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR); } else { // PEAR-like class name $logicalPathPsr0 = strtr($class, '_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) . $ext; } if (isset($this->prefixesPsr0[$first])) { foreach ($this->prefixesPsr0[$first] as $prefix => $dirs) { if (0 === strpos($class, $prefix)) { foreach ($dirs as $dir) { if (file_exists($file = $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $logicalPathPsr0)) { return $file; } } } } } // PSR-0 fallback dirs foreach ($this->fallbackDirsPsr0 as $dir) { if (file_exists($file = $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $logicalPathPsr0)) { return $file; } } // PSR-0 include paths. if ($this->useIncludePath && $file = stream_resolve_include_path($logicalPathPsr0)) { return $file; } return false; }
findFile()函數先在classMap中查找,若是找不到的話就會嘗試在apcu緩存中查找,若是仍是找不到的話就會調用findFileWithExtension()函數查找,若是找到了就會將該文件加到apcu緩存,若是找不到的話就會在missingClasses數組中設一個標記表示識這個類找不到工具
findFileWithExtension()方法根據以前經過\(loader->set(\)namespace, \(path)和\)loader->setPsr4($namespace, $path)方法設置的信息找出類文件的路徑信息fetch
若是在你的程序中已經實現了__autoload()函數,它必須顯式註冊到__autoload()隊列中。由於 spl_autoload_register()函數會將Zend Engine中的__autoload()函數取代爲spl_autoload()或spl_autoload_call()
例:ui
function __autoload($name) { require 'class/'.$name.'.php'; echo '1'; } function autoload_test($name) { echo '2'; } spl_autoload_register('autoload_test'); spl_autoload_register('__autoload'); $ca=new Ca();
因本人水平有限,有些地方可能不對,歡迎留言。
如需轉載請註明出處:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuchenglin/p/8954364.html