ApplicationContext的事件機制

    ApplicationContext的事件機制是觀察者模式的實現,經過ApplicationEvent類和ApplicationListener接口,能夠實現ApplicationConext的事件處理。若是容器中有一個ApplicationListener Bean,每當ApplicationContext發佈ApplicationEven時,ApplicationListener Bean將自動被觸發。java

    Spring的事件框架有以下兩個成員:spring

    1)ApplicationEvent:容器事件,必須由ApplicationContext發佈。app

    2)ApplicationListener:監聽器,可由容器中的任何監聽器承擔。框架

    Spring的事件機制與全部事件機制都基本類似,它們都須要事件源、事件和事件監聽器組成。此處的事件源是ApplicationConetext,而且事件必須由Java程序顯示觸發。ide

    onApplicationEvent(ApplictionEvent event);每當容器內發送任何事件時,此方法都被觸發;this

 下面定義一個郵件事件:code

package com.custle.spring;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;

public class EmailEvent extends ApplicationEvent {

	private String address;
	private String text;

	public EmailEvent(Object source) {
		super(source);
	}

	public EmailEvent(Object source, String address, String text) {
		super(source);
		this.address = address;
		this.text = text;
	}

	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}

	public String getText() {
		return text;
	}

	public void setText(String text) {
		this.text = text;
	}

}
package com.custle.spring;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;

public class EmailNotifiter implements ApplicationListener {

	//該方法會在容器發送時自動觸發
	@Override
	public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
		if(event instanceof EmailEvent){
			//只處理EmailEvent,發送email通知
			EmailEvent emailEvent = (EmailEvent)event;
			System.out.println("須要發送郵件的接收地址:"+emailEvent.getAddress());
		}else{
			//容器內置事件不做處理
			System.out.println("容器自己的事件: "+ event);
		}
		
	}

}

在applicationContext-spring.xml中配置郵件事件:xml

<!-- 配置郵件監聽器 -->
<bean id="emailNotifiter" class="com.custle.spring.EmailNotifiter" />

經過ClassPathXmlApplicationContext讀取配置文件:接口

package com.custle.spring;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class EmailTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-spring.xml");
		EmailEvent emailEvent = new EmailEvent("hello", "526295149@qq.com", "send email");
		//將EmailEvent事件添加至ApplicationContext容器
		applicationContext.publishEvent(emailEvent);
	}

}

控制檯輸出:事件

2018-02-05 13:24:27  INFO (AbstractApplicationContext.java:513)  - Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@22f4bf02: startup date [Mon Feb 05 13:24:27 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-02-05 13:24:27  INFO (XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:316)  - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [applicationContext-spring.xml]
容器自己的事件: org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent[source=org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@22f4bf02: startup date [Mon Feb 05 13:24:27 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy]
須要發送郵件的接收地址:526295149@qq.com

上文是經過ApplicationContext的pulishEvent()來主動觸發容器事件,其實當系統建立Spring容器、加載Spring容器時也會自動觸發容器事件。

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