用centos自帶的yum源來安裝nginx,mysql和php,超級方便,省去編譯的麻煩,省去本身配置的麻煩,還能節省很是多的時間。php
咱們先把yum源換成國內的阿里雲鏡像源(固然不換也能夠),先備份一下原來的源鏡像文件,以避免出錯後能夠恢復:html
[root@192 ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
下載新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/,版本根據本身的系統版本選擇下載:mysql
CentOS 5 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo CentOS 6 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo CentOS 7 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
更改/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo使其爲不生效:nginx
enabled=0
運行yum makecache生成緩存:web
yum clean all yum makecache yum update
安裝Nginxsql
因爲yum源中沒有咱們想要的nginx,那麼咱們就須要建立一個「/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo」的文件,其實就是新增一個yum源。數據庫
[root@192 yum.repos.d]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
把以下內容複製進去:centos
[nginx] name=nginx repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1
而後保存退出,輸入 yum list nginx 查看,瀏覽器
[root@192 yum.repos.d]# yum list nginx 已加載插件:fastestmirror nginx | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 nginx/7/x86_64/primary_db | 18 kB 00:00:04 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com 可安裝的軟件包 nginx.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx [root@192 yum.repos.d]# yum list |grep nginx nginx.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-module-geoip.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-module-geoip-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-module-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-module-image-filter-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-module-njs.x86_64 1:1.10.2.0.0.20160414.1c50334fbea6-2.el7.ngx nginx nginx-module-njs-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2.0.0.20160414.1c50334fbea6-2.el7.ngx nginx nginx-module-perl.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-module-perl-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-module-xslt.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-module-xslt-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx nginx-nr-agent.noarch 2.0.0-10.el7.ngx nginx pcp-pmda-nginx.x86_64 3.10.6-2.el7 base [root@192 yum.repos.d]#
若是執行命令是這樣的顯示效果,那麼咱們的nginx的yum源就配置成功啦!緩存
而後要安裝咱們的nginx就直接執行:
yum -y install nginx
這樣nginx的最新官網版本就安裝好了!
啓動nginx:
# nginx #啓動nginx # curl 127.0.0.1 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> <style> body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1> <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.</p> <p>For online documentation and support please refer to <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/> Commercial support is available at <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p> <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p> </body> </html>
安裝MySQL 5.7版本,官網http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm
能夠看到已經有了,而且5.7版本已經啓用,能夠直接安裝:
root@192 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist all | grep mysql mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 啓用: 24 mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - Sourc 禁用 mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 啓用: 38 mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community - Source 禁用 mysql-tools-preview/x86_64 MySQL Tools Preview 禁用 mysql-tools-preview-source MySQL Tools Preview - Source 禁用 mysql55-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.5 Community Server 禁用 mysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Sourc 禁用 mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 禁用 mysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Sourc 禁用 mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 啓用: 146 mysql57-community-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server - Sourc 禁用 mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 禁用 mysql80-community-source MySQL 8.0 Community Server - Sourc 禁用 [root@192 yum.repos.d]#
若是沒有開啓,或者你想要選擇須要的版本進行安裝,修改 /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo,選擇須要的版本把enable改成1便可,其它的改成0:
修改好後查看可用的安裝版本:
[root@192 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist enabled | grep mysql mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 24 mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 38 mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 146
不用猶豫,開始安裝吧!
yum -y install mysql-community-server
……通過漫長的等待後,看到下圖所示:
開始啓動mysql:
service mysqld start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
看下mysql的啓動狀態:
[root@192 yum.repos.d]# service mysqld status Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 日 2016-10-23 22:51:48 CST; 3min 14s ago Process: 36884 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 36810 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 36887 (mysqld) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─36887 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 10月 23 22:51:45 192.168.0.14 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server... 10月 23 22:51:48 192.168.0.14 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server. 10月 23 22:52:24 192.168.0.14 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
開機啓動設置:
systemctl enable mysqld systemctl daemon-reload
mysql安裝完成以後,在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中給root生成了一個默認密碼。經過下面的方式找到root默認密碼,而後登陸mysql進行修改:
[root@192 yum.repos.d]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 2016-10-23T14:51:45.705458Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: a&sqr7dou7N_ mysql -uroot -p
修改root密碼:
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewPassWord!';
注意:mysql5.7默認安裝了密碼安全檢查插件,默認密碼檢查策略要求密碼必須包含:大小寫字母、數字和特殊符號,而且長度不能少於8位。不然會提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements錯誤,以下圖所示:
經過msyql環境變量能夠查看密碼策略的相關信息:
mysql> show variables like '%password%'; +---------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------------------------------+--------+ | default_password_lifetime | 0 | | disconnect_on_expired_password | ON | | log_builtin_as_identified_by_password | OFF | | mysql_native_password_proxy_users | OFF | | old_passwords | 0 | | report_password | | | sha256_password_proxy_users | OFF | | validate_password_check_user_name | OFF | | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 8 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password_number_count | 1 | | validate_password_policy | MEDIUM | | validate_password_special_char_count | 1 | +---------------------------------------+--------+ 14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
validate_password_policy:密碼策略,默認爲MEDIUM策略
validate_password_dictionary_file:密碼策略文件,策略爲STRONG才須要
validate_password_length:密碼最少長度
validate_password_mixed_case_count:大小寫字符長度,至少1個
validate_password_number_count :數字至少1個
validate_password_special_char_count:特殊字符至少1個
上述參數是默認策略MEDIUM的密碼檢查規則。
若是想修改密碼策略,在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置:
# 選擇0(LOW),1(MEDIUM),2(STRONG)其中一種,選擇2須要提供密碼字典文件 validate_password_policy=0
修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件,在[mysqld]下添加編碼配置,以下所示:
[mysqld] character_set_server=utf8 init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
從新啓動mysql服務使配置生效:
systemctl restart mysqld
默認只容許root賬戶在本地登陸,若是要在其它機器上鍊接mysql,必須修改root容許遠程鏈接,或者添加一個容許遠程鏈接的賬戶,爲了安全起見,咱們添加一個新的賬戶:
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'evai'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '@evai2016' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
這樣遠程就能夠用帳戶名爲evai,密碼爲@evai2016來登陸數據庫了,運行 select host, user from mysql.user 查看下:
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user; +-----------+-----------+ | host | user | +-----------+-----------+ | % | evai | | localhost | mysql.sys | | localhost | root | +-----------+-----------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
安裝PHP7
rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
執行命令安裝php7:
yum install php70w.x86_64 php70w-cli.x86_64 php70w-common.x86_64 php70w-gd.x86_64 php70w-ldap.x86_64 php70w-mbstring.x86_64 php70w-mcrypt.x86_64 php70w-mysql.x86_64 php70w-pdo.x86_64
安裝php-fpm:
yum install php70w-fpm php70w-opcache
啓動php-fpm:
systemctl start php-fpm
修改 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 文件,找到下面這段並改成以下所示:
location ~ \.php$ { root /usr/share/nginx/html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; }
接着到 /usr/share/nginx/html 目錄下建立一個test.php文件,內容爲phpinfo():
vi /usr/share/nginx/html/test.php #內容 <?php phpinfo();
保存退出。接着重啓nginx:
nginx -s reload
打開瀏覽器,看到以下圖說明運行成功:
至此環境搭建完成。