Flutter是怎麼啓動起來的,是在Android的Activity的啓動以後嗎?等等這樣的問題,在這個文章中將被解答。java
新建立一個Flutter項目,在清單文件中默認被啓動的Activity是MainActivity,而MainActivity繼承的是FlutterActivity。那麼問題好像簡單了,咱們分析一下FlutterActivity,下面是MainActivity的代碼。shell
public class MainActivity extends FlutterActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith(this);
}
}
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上面的源碼很簡單,有兩個點須要關注,第一個就是在MainActivity.onCreate()中調用了GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith()這個方法,第二個是MainActivity繼承自FlutterActivity,咱們對這兩個關注點依次進行分析。json
咱們查看GeneratedPluginRegistrant,發現這個類是Android Studio自動生成的,而且不建議修改,這個類也很是簡單,下面是GeneratedPluginRegistrant的代碼。bash
public final class GeneratedPluginRegistrant {
public static void registerWith(PluginRegistry registry) {
if (alreadyRegisteredWith(registry)) {
return;
}
}
private static boolean alreadyRegisteredWith(PluginRegistry registry) {
final String key = GeneratedPluginRegistrant.class.getCanonicalName();
if (registry.hasPlugin(key)) {
return true;
}
registry.registrarFor(key);
return false;
}
}
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若是PluginRegistry已經包含了GeneratedPluginRegistrant就直接返回true,如沒有就調用PluginRegistry.registrarFor()進行註冊。app
咱們分析一下PluginRegistry,看看是怎麼註冊的,發現PluginRegistry是一個接口,下面是PluginRegistry的代碼。ide
public interface PluginRegistry {
Registrar registrarFor(String pluginKey);
}
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PluginRegistry的實現是誰呢?是FlutterActivity,下面開發分析FlutterActivity,暫時看FlutterActivity比較重要,由於這個類是MainActivity的父類,仍是PluginRegistry的具體實現類。oop
下面是FlutterActivity的代碼。this
public class FlutterActivity extends Activity implements FlutterView.Provider, PluginRegistry, ViewFactory {
private final FlutterActivityDelegate delegate = new FlutterActivityDelegate(this, this);
private final FlutterActivityEvents eventDelegate = delegate;
private final FlutterView.Provider viewProvider = delegate;
private final PluginRegistry pluginRegistry = delegate;
@Override
public final boolean hasPlugin(String key) {
return pluginRegistry.hasPlugin(key);
}
@Override
public final Registrar registrarFor(String pluginKey) {
return pluginRegistry.registrarFor(pluginKey);
}
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
eventDelegate.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
eventDelegate.onDestroy();
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
protected void onStop() {
eventDelegate.onStop();
super.onStop();
}
//省略了一些代碼
}
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從上面的代碼中能夠看出來,FlutterActivity是繼承Activity和實現了PluginRegistry。分析一下onCreate,onStop,onDestroy這些生命週期方法被FlutterActivity.eventDelegate代理了,這個時候咱們明白了,FlutterActivity就是一個空殼,真正實現是代理類FlutterActivityDelegate。spa
咱們具體看一下,下面是FlutterActivity.onCreate()的代碼。線程
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
eventDelegate.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
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FlutterActivity.$onCreate()比較簡單,調用了super的onCreate()和eventDelegate.onCreate(),也就是調用了代理類的onCreate方法,下面分析FlutterActivityDelegate。
從上面的分析能夠得出結論,FlutterActivity什麼都沒有作,都交個了FlutterActivityDelegate去幹,這裏類實現了PluginRegistry,下面是FlutterActivityDelegate的代碼。
public final class FlutterActivityDelegate implements FlutterActivityEvents, FlutterView.Provider, PluginRegistry {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
}
}
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仍是先分析FlutterActivityDelegate.onCreate(),這個真正幹活的onCreate方法仍是比較複雜的,下面是FlutterActivityDelegate.onCreate()的代碼。
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
String[] args = getArgsFromIntent(activity.getIntent());//1
FlutterMain.ensureInitializationComplete(activity.getApplicationContext(), args);//2
flutterView = viewFactory.createFlutterView(activity);//3
if (flutterView == null) {
FlutterNativeView nativeView = viewFactory.createFlutterNativeView();
flutterView = new FlutterView(activity, null, nativeView);//4
flutterView.setLayoutParams(matchParent);
activity.setContentView(flutterView);//5
launchView = createLaunchView();
if (launchView != null) {
addLaunchView();
}
}
if (loadIntent(activity.getIntent())) {
return;
}
String appBundlePath = FlutterMain.findAppBundlePath(activity.getApplicationContext());
if (appBundlePath != null) {
runBundle(appBundlePath);
}
}
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獲得了一些參數,這些參數是幹啥用的?咱們拿一個trace-startup參數爲例進行簡單介紹下面是FlutterActivityDelegate.getArgsFromIntent()的代碼。
private static String[] getArgsFromIntent(Intent intent) {
ArrayList<String> args = new ArrayList<>();
if (intent.getBooleanExtra("trace-startup", false)) {
args.add("--trace-startup");
}
if (intent.getBooleanExtra("start-paused", false)) {
args.add("--start-paused");
}
if (!args.isEmpty()) {
String[] argsArray = new String[args.size()];
return args.toArray(argsArray);
}
return null;
}
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當你安裝一個App的時候,能夠用下面這個命令,
flutter run --trace-startup --profile
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安裝完以後會生下面這個json,
{
"engineEnterTimestampMicros": 273508186457,
"timeToFrameworkInitMicros": 271420,
"timeToFirstFrameMicros": 469796,
"timeAfterFrameworkInitMicros": 198376
}
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這個json會顯示進入Flutter引擎的時間和展現應用第一幀的時間等等。
調用 FlutterMain.ensureInitializationComplete(),這方法初始化了Flutter,下面是ensureInitializationComplete的代碼。
public static void ensureInitializationComplete(Context applicationContext, String[] args) {
if (Looper.myLooper() != Looper.getMainLooper()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("ensureInitializationComplete must be called on the main thread");
}
try {
sResourceExtractor.waitForCompletion();
List<String> shellArgs = new ArrayList<>();
shellArgs.add("--icu-symbol-prefix=_binary_icudtl_dat");
String appBundlePath = findAppBundlePath(applicationContext);
String appStoragePath = PathUtils.getFilesDir(applicationContext);
nativeInit(applicationContext, shellArgs.toArray(new String[0]),
appBundlePath, appStoragePath, engineCachesPath);//1
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Flutter initialization failed.", e);
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//native方法
private static native void nativeInit(Context context, String[] args, String bundlePath, String appStoragePath, String engineCachesPath);
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先判斷是否是主線程,若是不是主線程直接拋出異常。初始化參數調用 FlutterMain.nativeInit()方法,這個方法是native方法,主要的用途是初始化Flutter。
ViewFactory是一個接口,ViewFactory.createFlutterView()的具體實現有兩個,分別是FlutterActivity.createFlutterView()和FlutterFragmentActivity.createFlutterView()如今這個兩個具體實現都返回null,也就是必定會走到註釋4。
建立FlutterView,那麼FlutterView是什麼呢?看一下類的聲明,下面是FlutterView的聲明的代碼,
public class FlutterView extends SurfaceView implements BinaryMessenger, TextureRegistry } 複製代碼
原來是一 SurfaceView,這個就很容易理解了。
關鍵來了,下面是調用setContentView的代碼,
activity.setContentView(flutterView);
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把FlutterView加載到Activity中,折騰了半天,就是作了這樣一件事,說白了就是建立了一個FlutterView,而且把這個view顯示到屏幕上。
下面是Flutter的啓動流程圖。