下面列出Python正則表達式的幾種匹配用法:css
1.測試正則表達式是否匹配字符串的所有或部分html
regex=ur"" #正則表達式 if re.search(regex, subject): do_something() else: do_anotherthing() |
2.測試正則表達式是否匹配整個字符串正則表達式
regex=ur"/Z" #正則表達式末尾以/Z結束 if re.match(regex, subject): do_something() else: do_anotherthing() |
3.建立一個匹配對象,而後經過該對象得到匹配細節(Create an object with details about how the regex matches (part of) a string)數組
regex=ur"" #正則表達式 match = re.search(regex, subject) if match: # match start: match.start() # match end (exclusive): atch.end() # matched text: match.group() do_something() else: do_anotherthing() |
4.獲取正則表達式所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by the regex)測試
regex=ur"" #正則表達式 match = re.search(regex, subject) if match: result = match.group() else: result = "" |
5. 獲取捕獲組所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by a capturing group)spa
regex=ur"" #正則表達式 match = re.search(regex, subject) if match: result = match.group(1) else: result = "" |
6. 獲取有名組所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by a named group)htm
regex=ur"" #正則表達式 match = re.search(regex, subject) if match: result = match.group"groupname") else: result = "" |
7. 將字符串中全部匹配的子串放入數組中(Get an array of all regex matches in a string)對象
result = re.findall(regex, subject) |
8.遍歷全部匹配的子串(Iterate over all matches in a string)blog
for match in re.finditer(r"<(.*?)/s*.*?//1>", subject) # match start: match.start() # match end (exclusive): atch.end() # matched text: match.group() |
9.經過正則表達式字符串建立一個正則表達式對象(Create an object to use the same regex for many operations)ci
reobj = re.compile(regex) |
10.用法1的正則表達式對象版本(use regex object for if/else branch whether (part of) a string can be matched)
reobj = re.compile(regex) if reobj.search(subject): do_something() else: do_anotherthing() |
11.用法2的正則表達式對象版本(use regex object for if/else branch whether a string can be matched entirely)
reobj = re.compile(r"/Z") #正則表達式末尾以/Z 結束 if reobj.match(subject): do_something() else: do_anotherthing() |
12.建立一個正則表達式對象,而後經過該對象得到匹配細節(Create an object with details about how the regex object matches (part of) a string)
reobj = re.compile(regex) match = reobj.search(subject) if match: # match start: match.start() # match end (exclusive): atch.end() # matched text: match.group() do_something() else: do_anotherthing() |
13.用正則表達式對象獲取匹配子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by the regex)
reobj = re.compile(regex) match = reobj.search(subject) if match: result = match.group() else: result = "" |
14.用正則表達式對象獲取捕獲組所匹配的子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a capturing group)
reobj = re.compile(regex) match = reobj.search(subject) if match: result = match.group(1) else: result = "" |
15.用正則表達式對象獲取有名組所匹配的子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a named group)
reobj = re.compile(regex) match = reobj.search(subject) if match: result = match.group("groupname") else: result = "" |
16.用正則表達式對象獲取全部匹配子串並放入數組(Use regex object to get an array of all regex matches in a string)
reobj = re.compile(regex) result = reobj.findall(subject) |
17.經過正則表達式對象遍歷全部匹配子串(Use regex object to iterate over all matches in a string)
reobj = re.compile(regex) for match in reobj.finditer(subject): # match start: match.start() # match end (exclusive): match.end() # matched text: match.group() |
字符串替換
1.替換全部匹配的子串
#用newstring替換subject中全部與正則表達式regex匹配的子串 result = re.sub(regex, newstring, subject) |
2.替換全部匹配的子串(使用正則表達式對象)
reobj = re.compile(regex) result = reobj.sub(newstring, subject) |
字符串拆分
1.字符串拆分
result = re.split(regex, subject) |
2.字符串拆分(使用正則表示式對象)
reobj = re.compile(regex)