Python正則表達式的幾種匹配用法

下面列出Python正則表達式的幾種匹配用法:css

1.測試正則表達式是否匹配字符串的所有或部分html

regex=ur"" #正則表達式
if re.search(regex, subject):
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

 

2.測試正則表達式是否匹配整個字符串正則表達式

 

regex=ur"/Z" #正則表達式末尾以/Z結束
if re.match(regex, subject):
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

 

3.建立一個匹配對象,而後經過該對象得到匹配細節(Create an object with details about how the regex matches (part of) a string)數組

 

regex=ur"" #正則表達式
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
    # match start: match.start()
    # match end (exclusive): atch.end()
    # matched text: match.group()
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

 

4.獲取正則表達式所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by the regex)測試

 

regex=ur"" #正則表達式
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
    result = match.group()
else:
    result = ""

 

5. 獲取捕獲組所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by a capturing group)spa

 

regex=ur"" #正則表達式
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
    result = match.group(1)
else:
    result = ""

 

6. 獲取有名組所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by a named group)htm

 

regex=ur"" #正則表達式
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
    result = match.group"groupname")
else:
    result = ""

 

7. 將字符串中全部匹配的子串放入數組中(Get an array of all regex matches in a string)對象

 

result = re.findall(regex, subject)

 

8.遍歷全部匹配的子串(Iterate over all matches in a string)blog

 

for match in re.finditer(r"<(.*?)/s*.*?//1>", subject)
    # match start: match.start()
    # match end (exclusive): atch.end()
    # matched text: match.group()

 

9.經過正則表達式字符串建立一個正則表達式對象(Create an object to use the same regex for many operations)ci

 

reobj = re.compile(regex)

 

10.用法1的正則表達式對象版本(use regex object for if/else branch whether (part of) a string can be matched)

 

reobj = re.compile(regex)
if reobj.search(subject):
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

 

11.用法2的正則表達式對象版本(use regex object for if/else branch whether a string can be matched entirely)

 

reobj = re.compile(r"/Z") #正則表達式末尾以/Z 結束
if reobj.match(subject):
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

 

12.建立一個正則表達式對象,而後經過該對象得到匹配細節(Create an object with details about how the regex object matches (part of) a string)

 

reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
    # match start: match.start()
    # match end (exclusive): atch.end()
    # matched text: match.group()
    do_something()
else:
    do_anotherthing()

 

13.用正則表達式對象獲取匹配子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by the regex)

 

reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
    result = match.group()
else:
    result = ""

 

14.用正則表達式對象獲取捕獲組所匹配的子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a capturing group)

 

reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
    result = match.group(1)
else:
    result = ""

 

15.用正則表達式對象獲取有名組所匹配的子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a named group)

 

reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
    result = match.group("groupname")
else:
    result = ""

 

16.用正則表達式對象獲取全部匹配子串並放入數組(Use regex object to get an array of all regex matches in a string)

 

reobj = re.compile(regex)
result = reobj.findall(subject)

 

17.經過正則表達式對象遍歷全部匹配子串(Use regex object to iterate over all matches in a string)

 

reobj = re.compile(regex)
for match in reobj.finditer(subject):
    # match start: match.start()
    # match end (exclusive): match.end()
    # matched text: match.group()

字符串替換

 

1.替換全部匹配的子串

 

#用newstring替換subject中全部與正則表達式regex匹配的子串
result = re.sub(regex, newstring, subject)

 

2.替換全部匹配的子串(使用正則表達式對象)

 

reobj = re.compile(regex)
result = reobj.sub(newstring, subject)

 

字符串拆分

 

1.字符串拆分

 

result = re.split(regex, subject)

 

2.字符串拆分(使用正則表示式對象)

 

reobj = re.compile(regex)
result = reobj.split(subject)
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