專業英語

一、CPU 3DNow!(3D no waiting) ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit,算術邏輯單元) AGU(Address Generation Units,地址產成單元) BGA(Ball Grid Array,球狀矩陣排列) BHT(branch prediction table,分支預測表) BPU(Branch Processing Unit,分支處理單元) Brach Pediction(分支預測) CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,互補金屬氧化物半導體) CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computing,複雜指令集計算機) CLK(Clock Cycle,時鐘週期) COB(Cache on board,板上集成緩存) COD(Cache on Die,芯片內集成緩存) CPGA(Ceramic Pin Grid Array,陶瓷針型柵格數組) CPU(Center Processing Unit,中央處理器) Data Forwarding(數據前送) Decode(指令譯碼) DIB(Dual Independent Bus,雙獨立總線) EC(Embedded Controller,嵌入式控制器) Embedded Chips(嵌入式處理器) EPIC(explicitly parallel instruction code,並行指令代碼) FADD(Floationg Point Addition,浮點加) FCPGA(Flip Chip Pin Grid Array,反轉芯片針腳柵格數組) FDIV(Floationg Point Divide,浮點除) FEMMS(Fast Entry/Exit Multimedia State,快速進入/退出多媒體狀態) FFT(fast Fourier transform,快速熱奧姆轉換) FID(FID:Frequency identify,頻率鑑別號碼) FIFO(First Input First Output,先入先出隊列) flip-chip(芯片反轉) FLOP(Floating Point Operations Per Second,浮點操做/秒) FMUL(Floationg Point Multiplication,浮點乘) FPU(Float Point Unit,浮點運算單元) FSUB(Floationg Point Subtraction,浮點減) HL-PBGA(表面黏着,高耐熱、輕薄型塑料球狀矩陣封裝) IA(Intel Architecture,英特爾架構) ICU(Instruction Control Unit,指令控制單元) ID(identify,鑑別號碼) IDF(Intel Developer Forum,英特爾開發者論壇) IEU(Integer Execution Units,整數執行單元) IMM(Intel Mobile Module,英特爾移動模塊) Instructions Cache(指令緩存) Instruction Coloring(指令分類) IPC(Instructions Per Clock Cycle,指令/時鐘週期) ISA(instruction set architecture,指令集架構) KNI(Katmai New Instructions,Katmai新指令集,即SSE) Latency(潛伏期) LDT(Lightning Data Transport,閃電數據傳輸總線) Local Interconnect(局域互連) MESI(Modified,Exclusive,Shared,Invalid:修改、排除、共享、廢棄) MMX(MultiMedia Extensions,多媒體擴展指令集) MMU(Multimedia Unit,多媒體單元) MFLOPS(Million Floationg Point/Second,每秒百萬個浮點操做) MHz(Million Hertz,兆赫茲) MP(Multi-Processing,多重處理器架構) MPS(MultiProcessor Specification,多重處理器規範) MSRs(Model-Specific Registers,特別模塊寄存器) NAOC(no-account OverClock,無效超頻) NI(Non-Intel,非英特爾) OLGA(Organic Land Grid Array,基板柵格數組) OoO(Out of Order,亂序執行) PGA(Pin-Grid Array,引腳網格數組,耗電大) PR(Performance Rate,性能比率) PSN(Processor Serial numbers,處理器序列號) PIB(Processor In a Box,盒裝處理器) PPGA(Plastic Pin Grid Array,塑料針狀矩陣封裝) PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package,塑料方塊平面封裝) RAW(Read after Write,寫後讀) Register Contention(搶佔寄存器) Register Pressure(寄存器不足) Register Renaming(寄存器重命名) Remark(芯片頻率重標識) Resource contention(資源衝突) Retirement(指令引退) RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computing,精簡指令集計算機) SEC(Single Edge Connector,單邊鏈接器) Shallow-trench isolation(淺槽隔離) SIMD(Single Instruction Multiple Data,單指令多數據流) SiO2F(Fluorided Silicon Oxide,二氧氟化硅) SMI(System Management Interrupt,系統管理中斷) SMM(System Management Mode,系統管理模式) SMP(Symmetric Multi-Processing,對稱式多重處理架構) SOI(Silicon-on-insulator,絕緣體硅片) SONC(System on a chip,系統集成芯片) SPEC(System Performance Evaluation Corporation,系統性能評估測試) SQRT(Square Root Calculations,平方根計算) SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions,單一指令多數據流擴展) Superscalar(超標量體系結構) TCP(Tape Carrier Package,薄膜封裝,發熱小) Throughput(吞吐量) TLB(Translate Look side Buffers,翻譯旁視緩衝器) USWC(Uncacheabled Speculative Write Combination,無緩衝隨機聯合寫操做) VALU(Vector Arithmetic Logic Unit,向量算術邏輯單元) VLIW(Very Long Instruction Word,超長指令字) VPU(Vector Permutate Unit,向量排列單元) VPU(vector processing units,向量處理單元,即處理MMX、SSE等SIMD指令的地方) 二、主板 ADIMM(advanced Dual In-line Memory Modules,高級雙重內嵌式內存模塊) AMR(Audio/Modem Riser;音效/調制解調器主機板附加直立插卡) AHA(Accelerated Hub Architecture,加速中心架構) ASK IR(Amplitude Shift Keyed Infra-Red,長波形可移動輸入紅外線) ATX(AT Extend,擴展型AT) BIOS(Basic Input/Output System,基本輸入/輸出系統) CSE(Configuration Space Enable,可分配空間) DB(Device Bay,設備插架) DMI(Desktop Management Interface,桌面管理接口) EB(Expansion Bus,擴展總線) EISA(Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture,加強形工業標準架構) EMI(Electromagnetic Interference,電磁干擾) ESCD(Extended System Configuration Data,可擴展系統配置數據) FBC(Frame Buffer Cache,幀緩衝緩存) FireWire(火線,即IEEE1394標準) FSB(Front Side Bus,前置總線,即外部總線) FWH( Firmware Hub,固件中心) GMCH(Graphics & Memory Controller Hub,圖形和內存控制中心) GPIs(General Purpose Inputs,普通操做輸入) ICH(Input/Output Controller Hub,輸入/輸出控制中心) IR(infrared ray,紅外線) IrDA(infrared ray,紅外線通訊接口可進行局域網存取和檔共享) ISA(Industry Standard Architecture,工業標準架構) ISA(instruction set architecture,工業設置架構) MDC(Mobile Daughter Card,移動式子卡) MRH-R(Memory Repeater Hub,內存數據處理中心) MRH-S(SDRAM Repeater Hub,SDRAM數據處理中心) MTH(Memory Transfer Hub,內存轉換中心) NGIO(Next Generation Input/Output,新一代輸入/輸出標準) P64H(64-bit PCI Controller Hub,64位PCI控制中心) PCB(printed circuit board,印刷電路板) PCBA(Printed Circuit Board Assembly,印刷電路板裝配) PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect,互連外圍設備) PCI SIG(Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest Group,互連外圍設備專業組) POST(Power On Self Test,加電自測試) RNG(Random number Generator,隨機數字發生器) RTC(Real Time Clock,實時時鐘) KBC(KeyBroad Control,鍵盤控制器) SBA(Side Band Addressing,邊帶尋址) SMA(Share Memory Architecture,共享內存結構) STD(Suspend To Disk,磁盤喚醒) STR(Suspend To RAM,內存喚醒) SVR(Switching Voltage Regulator,交換式電壓調節) USB(Universal Serial Bus,通用串行總線) USDM(Unified System Diagnostic Manager,統一系統監測管理器) VID(Voltage Identification Definition,電壓識別認證) VRM (Voltage Regulator Module,電壓調整模塊) ZIF(Zero Insertion Force,零插力) 主板技術 技嘉 ACOPS: Automatic CPU OverHeat Prevention System(CPU過熱預防系統) SIV: System Information Viewer(系統信息觀察) 盤英 ESDJ(Easy Setting Dual Jumper,簡化CPU雙重跳線法) 浩鑫 UPT(USB、PANEL、LINK、TV-OUT四重界面) 芯片組 ACPI(Advanced Configuration and Power Interface,先進設置和電源管理) AGP(Accelerated Graphics Port,圖形加速接口) I/O(Input/Output,輸入/輸出) MIOC(Memory and I/O Bridge Controller,內存和I/O橋控制器) NBC(North Bridge Chip,北橋芯片) PIIX(PCI ISA/IDE Accelerator,加速器) PSE36(Page Size Extension 36-bit,36位頁面尺寸擴展模式) PXB(PCI Expander Bridge,PCI加強橋) RCG(RAS/CAS Generator,RAS/CAS發生器) SBC(South Bridge Chip,南橋芯片) SMB(System Management Bus,全系統管理總線) SPD(Serial Presence Detect,內存內部序號檢測裝置) SSB(Super South Bridge,超級南橋芯片) TDP(Triton Data Path,數據路徑) TSC(Triton System Controller,系統控制器) QPA(Quad Port Acceleration,四界面加速) 三、顯示設備 ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,特殊應用集成電路) ASC(Auto-Sizing and Centering,自動調效屏幕尺寸和中心位置) BLA(Bearn Landing Area,電子束落區) CRC(Cyclical Redundancy Check,循環冗餘檢查) CRT(Cathode Ray Tube,陰極射線管) DDC(Display Data Channel,顯示數據信道) DFL(Dynamic Focus Lens,動態聚焦) DFS(Digital Flex Scan,數字伸縮掃描) DIC(Digital Image Control,數字圖像控制) Digital Multiscan II(數字式智能多頻追蹤) DLP(digital Light Processing,數字光處理) DOSD(Digital On Screen Display,同屏數字化顯示) DPMS(Display Power Management Signalling,顯示能源管理信號) DQL(Dynamic Quadrapole Lens,動態四極鏡) DSP(Digital Signal Processing,數字信號處理) EFEAL(Extended Field Elliptical Aperture Lens,可擴展掃描橢圓孔鏡頭) FRC(Frame Rate Control,幀比率控制) LCD(liquid crystal display,液晶顯示屏) LCOS(Liquid Crystal On Silicon,硅上液晶) LED(light emitting diode,光學二級管) L-SAGIC(Low Power-Small Aperture G1 wiht Impregnated Cathode,低電壓光圈陰極管) LVDS(Low Voltage Differential Signal,低電壓差動信號) MALS(Multi Astigmatism Lens System,多重散光聚焦系統) MDA(Monochrome Adapter,單色設備) MS(Magnetic Sensors,磁場感應器) Porous Tungsten(活性鎢) RSDS(Reduced Swing Differential Signal,小幅度擺動差動信號) Shadow Mask(陰罩式) TDT(Timeing Detection Table,資料測定表) TICRG(Tungsten Impregnated Cathode Ray Gun,鎢傳輸陰級射線槍) TFT(thin film transistor,薄膜晶體管) VAGP(Variable Aperature Grille Pitch,可變間距光柵) VBI(Vertical Blanking Interval,垂直空白間隙) VDT(Video Display Terminals,視頻顯示終端) VRR(Vertical Refresh Rate,垂直掃描頻率) 四、視頻 3D(Three Dimensional,三維) 3DS(3D SubSystem,三維子系統) AE(Atmospheric Effects,霧化效果) AFR(Alternate Frame Rendering,交替渲染技術) Anisotropic Filtering(各向異性過濾) APPE(Advanced Packet Parsing Engine,加強形幀解析引擎) AV(Analog Video,模擬視頻) Back Buffer(後置緩衝) Backface culling(隱面消除) Battle for Eyeballs(眼球大戰,各3D圖形芯片公司爲了爭奪用戶而做的競爭) Bilinear Filtering(雙線性過濾) CG(Computer Graphics,計算機生成圖像) Clipping(剪貼紋理) Clock Synthesizer(時鐘合成器) compressed textures(壓縮紋理) Concurrent Command Engine(協做命令引擎) Center Processing Unit Utilization(中央處理器佔用率) DAC(Digital to Analog Converter,數模傳換器) Decal(印花法,用於生成一些半透明效果,如:鮮血飛濺的場面) DFP(Digital Flat Panel,數字式平面顯示器) DFS: Dynamic Flat Shading(動態平面描影,可用做加速) Dithering(抖動) Directional Light(方向性光源) DME: Direct Memory Execute(直接內存執行) DOF(Depth of Field,多重境深) dot texture blending(點型紋理混和) Double Buffering(雙緩衝區) DIR(Direct Rendering Infrastructure,基層直接渲染) DVI(Digital Video Interface,數字視頻接口) DxR(DynamicXTended Resolution,動態可擴展分辨率) DXTC(Direct X Texture Compress,DirectX紋理壓縮,以S3TC爲基礎) Dynamic Z-buffering(動態Z軸緩衝區),顯示物體遠近,可用做遠景 E-DDC(Enhanced Display Data Channel,加強形視頻數據信道協議,定義了顯示輸出與主系統之間的通信信道,能提升顯示輸出的畫面質量) Edge Anti-aliasing(邊緣抗鋸齒失真) E-EDID(Enhanced Extended Identification Data,加強形擴充身份辨識數據,定義了計算機通信視頻主系統的數據格式) Execute Buffers(執行緩衝區) environment mapped bump mapping(環境凹凸映射) Extended Burst Transactions(加強式突發處理) Front Buffer(前置緩衝) Flat(平面描影) Frames rate is King(幀數爲王) FSAA(Full Scene Anti-aliasing,全景抗鋸齒失真) Fog(霧化效果) flip double buffered(反轉雙緩存) fog table quality(霧化表畫質) GART(Graphic Address Remappng Table,圖形地址重繪表) Gouraud Shading(高洛德描影,也稱爲內插法均勻塗色) GPU(Graphics Processing Unit,圖形處理器) GTF(Generalized Timing Formula,通常程序時間,定義了產生畫面所須要的時間,包括了諸如畫面刷新率等) HAL(Hardware Abstraction Layer,硬件抽像化層) hardware motion compensation(硬件運動補償) HDTV(high definition television,高清晰度電視) HEL: Hardware Emulation Layer(硬件模擬層) high triangle count(複雜三角形計數) ICD(Installable Client Driver,可安裝客戶端驅動程序) IDCT(Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform,非連續反餘弦變換,GeForce的DVD硬件強化技術) Immediate Mode(直接模式) IPPR(Image Processing and Pattern Recognition,圖像處理和模式識別) large textures(大型紋理) LF(Linear Filtering,線性過濾,即雙線性過濾) lighting(光源) Local Peripheral Bus(局域邊緣總線) mipmapping(MIP映射) Modulate(調製混合) Motion Compensation(動態補償) motion blur(動態模糊) MPPS(Million Pixels Per Second,百萬個像素/秒) Multi-Resolution Mesh(多重分辨率組合) Multi Threaded Bus Master(多重主控) Multitexture(多重紋理) nerest Mipmap(鄰近MIP映射,又叫點採樣技術) Overdraw(透支,全景渲染形成的浪費) partial texture downloads(並行紋理傳輸) Parallel Processing Perspective Engine(平行透視處理器) PC(Perspective Correction,透視糾正) PGC(Parallel Graphics Configuration,並行圖像設置) pixel(P像素,屏幕上的像素點) point light(通常點光源) point sampling(點採樣技術,又叫鄰近MIP映射) Precise Pixel Interpolation(精確像素插值) Procedural textures(可編程紋理) RAMDAC(Random Access Memory Digital to Analog Converter,隨機內存數/模轉換器) Reflection mapping(反射貼圖) render(着色或渲染) S3(Sight、Sound、Speed,視頻、音頻、速度) S3TC(S3 Texture Compress,S3紋理壓縮,僅支持S3顯卡) S3TL(S3 Transformation & Lighting,S3多邊形轉換和光源處理) Screen Buffer(屏幕緩衝) SDTV(Standard Definition Television,標準清晰度電視) Shading(描影) Single Pass Multi-Texturing(單通道多紋理) SLI(Scanline Interleave,掃描線間插,3Dfx的雙Voodoo 2配合技術) Smart Filter(智能過濾) soft shadows(柔和陰影) soft reflections(柔和反射) spot light(小型點光源) SRA(Symmetric Rendering Architecture,對稱渲染架構) Stencil Buffers(範本緩衝) Stream Processor(流線處理) SuperScaler Rendering(超標量渲染) texel(T像素,紋理上的像素點) Texture Fidelity(紋理真實性) texture swapping(紋理交換) T&L(Transform and Lighting,多邊形轉換與光源處理) T-Buffer(T緩衝,3dfx Voodoo4的特效,包括全景反鋸齒Full-scene Anti-Aliasing、動態模糊Motion Blur、焦點模糊Depth of Field Blur、柔和陰影Soft Shadows、柔和反射Soft Reflections) TCA(Twin Cache Architecture,雙緩存結構) Transparency(透明狀效果) Transformation(三角形轉換) Trilinear Filtering(三線性過濾) Texture Modes(材質模式) TMIPM(Trilinear MIP Mapping,三次線性MIP
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